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4th International Conference on Emerging Trends and Technologies on Intelligent Systems, ETTIS 2024

作者： Roșca, Cosmina-Mihaela Bold, Răzvan-Alexandru Gerea, Alexandru-Eduard Department of Automatic Control Computers and Electronics Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti 39 Bucharest Avenue Ploieşti100680 Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9789819757022

In health care, it is crucial to organize patient care and resources based on the urgency level so that patients whose lives are in danger are treated as a priority. This study introduces a new algorithm, created in C# using new technologies such as ChatGPT, to improve the sorting and prioritizing of patients based on the National Urgency Level. The algorithm aims to demonstrate the possibility of real-time reporting of the occupancy level of all hospitals. This way, patients can head to the nearest and most available hospital based on both proximity and urgency level. To identify the urgency level, the algorithm utilizes a widely used external service, ChatGPT. Additionally, the algorithm calculates the average waiting time based on the number of patients, their urgency level, and the number of on-duty doctors. To achieve these goals, the algorithm's implementation has been carried out using modern technologies, such as C# programming language, ranging from the artificial intelligence service ChatGPT to entity framework for managing data in the Microsoft database. The article addresses two major issues, namely text-based classification into a specific category based on common characteristics, such as a patient's symptoms concerning a specific urgency level. The second issue is represented by the proposed calculation formula for real-time estimation of waiting time, based on the identified urgency level. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： C++ (programming language)

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A Comparative Analysis of Sorting Algorithms for Large-Scale Data: Performance Metrics and Language Efficiency 4th

A Comparative Analysis of Sorting Algorithms for Large-Scale...

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4th International Conference on Emerging Trends and Technologies on Intelligent Systems, ETTIS 2024

作者： C.-M., Roșca M., Cărbureanu Department of Automatic Control Computers and Electronics Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti 39 Bucharest Avenue Ploieşti100680 Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9789819757022

In the era of artificial intelligence and real-time applications, the demand for swift data processing on large volumes has become paramount. This article delves into the critical role of programming languages and frameworks in meeting these requirements. With a focus on web development, the study conducts a comparative analysis of eight classic sorting algorithms—Bubble Sort, Insertion Sort, Selection Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Heap Sort, Introspective Sort, and Shell Sort—evaluated in two prominent programming languages, PHP and C#. The research emphasizes the importance of selecting programming tools based on performance criteria in the context of modern applications. Next, a new formula for assessing the complexity of sorted words was introduced, aiming to scrutinize its impact on sorting time. Furthermore, a comparative analysis was conducted, evaluating the implementation of sorting in C# using arrays versus lists. The article sought to delineate the intricacies associated with each approach, considering computational efficiency and resource utilization. The discourse delved into the nuanced aspects of word complexity measurement and its consequential effects on the performance of sorting algorithms in the context of C# programming, contributing valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on algorithmic optimization and language-specific implementation choices. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： C (programming language)

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A Multi-party Asymmetric Self-play Algorithm and Its Application in Multi-USV Adversarial Game Simulations 24

A Multi-party Asymmetric Self-play Algorithm and Its Applica...

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2024 International Conference on Machine Learning, Pattern Recognition and Automation engineering, MLPRAE 2024

作者： Rao, Jinjun Wang, Cong Liu, Mei Lei, Jingtao Giernacki, Wojciech Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai University China Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence Faculty of Automatic Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering Poznan University of Technology Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709876

Aiming at the problem that the combination of self-play (SP) and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) only involves two-party games and the policy learning of each party is limited, a multi-party asymmetric self-play algorithm (MASP) is proposed. Firstly, by improving the ELO scoring system, the ELO scoring takes into account each party of the unmanned surface vehicle (USV) clusters, and the imbalance of the number of USV clusters, so that the frequency of exchanging strategies of all USV clusters in the confrontation process is equal. Secondly, it ensures that USV clusters have a balanced combat ability, and at the same time ensures that the combat ability of all parties is strong and weak and the gap is not too wide. In addition, the parameters are dynamically set to reduce the update frequency of the policy of the stronger party. The experimental results show that the MASP can make the USV clusters learn more effective policies, have a shorter game time, and obtain higher rewards and ELO scores in the simple 2v2 adversarial game scenario and the three-party game scenario of a warship escort mission. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Decreasing control signal vibrations in the anti-noise model-free sliding mode control algorithm

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International Journal of Systems, control and Communications 2023年第4期14卷 341-356页

作者： Diab, Jomana Mahmoud Wasouf, Hasnaa Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Al Andalus University for Medical Sciences Al-Qadmous Tartous0963-043 Syria Al Baath University Homs0963-031 Syria Department of Automatic Control and Computers Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Al Baath University Homs0963-031 Syria

Thanks to the model-free sliding mode control (MFSMC) algorithm, we were able to overcome errors resulting from the modelling process. When this algorithm was tested in a noise-prone environment, it was observed that the system was not able to track the desired path. In previous research, an anti-noise model-free sliding mode control (AMFSMC) algorithm was proposed. It improved the performance of MFSMC algorithm and made it noise-resistant. The control signal of that AMFSMC algorithm has a lot of chattering, which limits the use of the algorithm in practice. In this research, an improved anti-noise model-free sliding mode control (IAMFSMC) algorithm was proposed to solve the chattering problem. The control law of AMFSMC was modified using three techniques: boundary layer, quasi-sliding mode control, and saturation function. The IAMFSMC algorithm was applied to a second-order linear system. The system performance using the three techniques was compared to that when the AMFSMC algorithm was applied. Simulation results showed that using the saturation function gave good tracking response, despite the presence of noise, with chattering-free and smooth control signal. Copyright © 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Sliding mode control

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Radial basis function network-based optimization of the hard self-propelled rotary turning titanium

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第7期37卷 5607-5634页

作者： Nguyen, Trung-Thanh Dang, Xuan-Ba Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Le Quy Don Technical University 236 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Department of Automatic Control Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education 1 Vo Van Ngan Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam

Machining of difficult-to-cut materials such as high-temperature metals is challenging due to their low machinability resulting in reduced productivity and high manufacturing cost. This investigation develops and optimizes the hard self-propelled rotary turning (HSPRT) operation, in which an efficient self-propelled rotary tool is proposed and fabricated. The HSPRT responses (total carbon emission—TC, machined roughness—MR, and noise emission—EN) are minimized using optimal process variables (inclination angle—A, turning depth—D, turning speed—V, and rake angle—R). The TC, MR, and EN models are developed in terms of the HSPRT inputs using the radial basis function network and response surface method, while the weights were computed using the removal effects of criteria, EQUAL, and rank order centroid methods. The improved quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization algorithm and method based on the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison were applied to produce feasible solutions and select the best optimal point. The optimization findings of the V, D, f, and R were 32 deg., 0.2 mm, 137 m/min, and 20 deg., while the TC, MR, and EN were saved by 42.8%, 24.1%, and 20.0%, respectively. The HSPRT performances were primarily affected by the turning depth and speed, respectively. The valuable outcomes could be applied to the practice to boost HSPRT performances, while the developed HSPRT operation could be utilized for machining alloys and hardened steels. The technique could be applied to treat optimization problems for other rotary turning processes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Consideration on RT software implementation for algorithm switching in MM structures 27

Consideration on RT software implementation for algorithm sw...

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27th International Conference on System Theory, control and Computing, ICSTCC 2023

作者： Lupu, Ciprian Secuianu, Catinca Lich, Luu Duch Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers University POLITEHNICA Bucharest Bucharest Romania Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies University POLITEHNICA Bucharest Bucharest Romania Faculty of Transportation Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology The University of Danang Da Nang550000 Viet Nam

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337983

Real-time (RT) implementation of control systems for non-linear processes raises numerous theoretical and practical challenges. Multi-model structures (MM) represent one of the successful solutions for these processes. However, switching of control algorithms constitutes the specific problem of MM structures. Even if reducing the sampling period can increase the precision in the control of some processes, for the case of algorithms switching in the MM structures is not improving significantly. The tests carried out in this work confirm this behavior for some numeric PIDs algorithms. Moreover, these tests can be an example for reducing the computational effort by changing the sampling period up to a maximum limit, specific to the process. However, superior performances in switching control algorithms can be obtained by using a common database for all switched algorithms in the respective MM structure. The architecture proposed in the paper and the tests performed on a laboratory implementation prove these solutions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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Integration of Industrial Automation and IoT Devices on the Example of the Assembly Station with the Astorino Educational Robot 4th

Integration of Industrial Automation and IoT Devices on the ...

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4th International Conference on Intelligent Systems in Production engineering and Maintenance, ISPEM 2023

作者： Ćwikla, Grzegorz Kalinowski, Krzysztof Kciuk, Marek Gold, Michal Waluśkiewicz, Marek Sladek, Michal Tlolka, Jaroslaw Woźnica, Robert Wlazlo, Aleksander Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Silesian University of Technology Konarskiego 18A Gliwice44-100 Poland Faculty of Electrical Engineering Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 10A Gliwice44-100 Poland Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16 Gliwice44-100 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031442810

The article presents an automated assembly station designed by students as part of Project Based Learning. The task of the project was to familiarize with the issues of integration of automation and control elements operating in various standards in order to implement the idea of Industry 4.0. The main elements of the station are the Astorino educational robot, gripper, servo drive and other professional elements of industrial automation and IoT systems. Raspberry PI, microcontrollers, etc. are also used. The assembly process of the product in the configuration in accordance with the user’s order is carried out at the station, quality control is carried out during the process using a vision system and various sensors. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Data acquisition

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PID-fuzzy switching-based strategy to heading control for remote operated vehicle

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年 1-17页

作者： Xie, Baolong He, Shuping Cao, Xiang Wang, Honghai Stojanovic, Vladimir Shi, Kaibo School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Anhui University Hefei230039 China School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei230039 China School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Chaohu University Chaohu238024 China Department of Automatic Control Robotics and Fluid Technique Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering University of Kragujevac Kraljevo36000 Serbia School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu610106 China

Accurate heading control is the premise for underwater vehicles to complete underwater operations. In order to improve the performance of heading control, this paper proposes a heading control strategy based on PID-fuzzy switching. First, the force analysis of the steering motion was carried out to derive the dynamics model of the steering motion. Then, the whole heading control process is divided into two phases, steering phase and holding phase. Fuzzy control is used in the steering phase, and PID control is used in the holding phase. By setting the automatic switching switch, the control system can switch freely between the two to meet the needs of system adjustment under different errors. Finally, the performance of the established heading control system is verified through motion control simulations and pool experiments, and the proposed control strategy is compared with other methods. The results show that the control strategy can effectively achieve ROV heading control with good steady-state accuracy, and the overall performance has been greatly improved. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fuzzy control

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Safety-Critical control for Ensemble Systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2023年第2期56卷 3152-3157页

作者： Yang Guo Felix Petzke Philipp Rumschinski Stefan Streif Technische Universität Chemnitz Automatic Control and System Dynamics Lab Hochschule Furtwangen Faculty of Mechanical and Medical Engineering

In this paper, we derive set constraints for a reduced order model and augment them into a model predictive control (MPC) scheme to ensure safe operation of the large-scale ensemble system. For the control feedback, only the aggregated information of the whole system is required. For the constraint satisfaction, we consider an adaptive tube formulation to characterize the deviation between the reduced order model and the ensemble system. Employing the robust control invariant set, we ensure recursive feasibility and initial feasibility under an easily verifiable condition.

关键词： robust control model predictive and optimization-based control constrained control linear systems feasibility ensemble systems

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DESIGN OF PID controlLER FOR NONLINEAR MAGNETIC LEVITATION SYSTEM USING FUZZY-TUNING APPROACH

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering and Computer Science 2022年第2期84卷 45-62页

作者： Ismail, Laith S. Lupu, Ciprian Alshareefi, Hamid Luu, Duc Lich Dept. of Automatic Control University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania Computer Technology Engineering Department Al Turath University Collage Baghdad Iraq Faculty of Mechanical Dynamics Vinh University of Technology Education Nghe an Viet Nam

This paper presents a dynamic model of a magnetic levitation system (Maglev) and suggests a Fuzzy Tuning of a proportional—integral--derivative controller (PID) that uses a fuzzy approach system to determine the PID controller's settings. The controller allows a steel ball to be suspended in free fall in the chosen position in reference to the electromagnet bottom end. The electromagnet levitation system can be controlled with a traditional PID controller, however because of the highly nonlinear of this system, it is unpredictable in the case of load and air gap changes. The fuzzy rules are developed to fuzzy tune PID while considering the control response and behavior of the system to find a solution to this problem. This paper shows excellent stability, rising time, settling time overshoot, and robust response results. The results reveal that this fuzzy PID controller solution can stabilize the ball's location and has strong disturbance rejection. The real time platform is designed for educational laboratory and test all the proposed control systems. © 2022, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： controllers

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