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Odd-even effects in the structure and properties of aryl-substituted aliphatic self-assembled monolayers

Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4231-4243页

作者： Piotr Cyganik Andreas Terfort Michael Zharnikov Jagiellonian University Faculty of PhysicsAstronomy and Applied Computer ScienceSmoluchowski Institute of PhysicsŁojasiewicza 1130-348 KrakówPoland Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 760438 FrankfurtGermany Applied Physical Chemistry Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 25369120 HeidelbergGermany

Self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)represent an important tool in context of nanofabrication and molecular engineering of surfaces and *** properties of functional SAMs depend not only on the character of the tail groups at the SAM-ambient interface,but are also largely defined by their *** its turn,the latter parameter results from a complex interplay of the structural forces and a variety of other factors,including so called odd-even effects,*** of the SAM structure and properties on the parity of the number(odd or even)of individual building blocks in the backbone of the SAM *** most impressive manifestation of the odd-even effects is the structure of aryl-substituted alkanethiolate SAMs on Au(111)and Ag(111),in which,in spite of the fact that the intermolecular interaction is mostly determined by the aryl part of the monolayers,one observes a pronounced dependence of molecular inclination and,consequently,the packing density of the SAM-forming molecules on the parity of number of methylene units in the alkyl *** we review the properties of the above systems as well as address fundamental reasons behind the odd-even effects,including the existence of a so-called bending potential,which is frequently disregarded in analysis of the structure-building *** generality of the odd-even effects in SAMs is additionally supported by the recent data for SAMs on GaAs,scanning tunneling microscopy data for SAMs on Ag(111),and the data for the monolayers with selenolate and carboxyl anchoring groups on Au(111)and Ag(111).The implications of these effects in terms of the control over the packing density and orientation of the tail groups at the SAM-ambient interface,structural perfection,polymorphism,temperature-driven phase transitions,and SAM stability toward such factors as ionizing radiation,exchange reaction,and electrochemical desorption are *** implications place the odd-even effects as an important tool

关键词： self-assembled monolayers molecular films surface and interface engineering odd-even-effects

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Entanglement Detection with Trace Polynomials

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第7期132卷 070202-070202页

作者： Albert Rico Felix Huber Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Institute of Theoretical Physics Jagiellonian University 30-348 Kraków Poland

We provide a systematic method for nonlinear entanglement detection based on trace polynomial inequalities. In particular, this allows us to employ multipartite witnesses for the detection of bipartite states, and vice versa. We identify pairs of entangled states and witnesses for which linear detection fails, but for which nonlinear detection succeeds. With the trace polynomial formulation a great variety of witnesses arise from immanant inequalities, which can be implemented in the laboratory through the randomized measurements toolbox.

关键词： Quantum correlations, foundations & formalism

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Finite-size catalysis in quantum resource theories

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Physical Review A 2025年第2期111卷 022440-022440页

作者： Patryk Lipka-Bartosik Kamil Korzekwa Department of Applied Physics University of Geneva 1211 Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University 30-348 Kraków Poland

Quantum catalysis, the ability to enable previously impossible transformations by using auxiliary systems without degrading them, has emerged as a powerful tool in various resource theories. Although catalytically enabled state transformations have been formally characterized by the monotonic behavior of entropic quantifiers (e.g., the von Neumann entropy or nonequilibrium free energy), such characterizations often rely on unphysical assumptions, namely, the ability of using catalysts of infinitely large dimension. This approach offers very limited insights into the practical significance of using catalysis for quantum information processing. Here, we address this problem across a broad class of quantum resource theories. Leveraging quantum information tools beyond the asymptotic regime, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of catalytic transformations with finite-size catalysts. We further unveil connections between finite-size catalysis and multicopy transformations. Notably, we discover a phenomenon of catalytic resonance: by carefully tailoring the catalysts's state, one can drastically reduce the required dimension of the catalyst, thus enabling efficient catalytic transformations with minimal resources. Finally, we illustrate our findings with examples from the resource theories of entanglement and thermodynamics, as well in the context of catalytic unitary transformations.

关键词： Free energy

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ON THE Θ-TERM IN ELECTRODYNAMICS

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Acta Physica Polonica B 2022年第11期53卷 1-4页

作者： Mazur, Pawel O. Staruszkiewicz, Andrzej Department of Physics and Astronomy University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science S. Lojasiewicza 11 Kraków30-348 Poland

The term θϵμνρσFμνFρσ, when added to the electromagnetic Lagrangian - 1 16πFμνFμν, does not change the signature of the Lagrangian. Actually, it increases the part with negative kinetic energy term at the spatial infinity. For this reason' it does not change the conclusion that at the spatial infinity the magnetic part of the electromagnetic field should be absent. © 2022 Jagellonian University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Kinetic energy

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Yang-Lee zeros for real-space condensation

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Physical Review E 2025年第1期111卷 L012101-L012101页

作者： Zdzislaw Burda Desmond A. Johnston Mario Kieburg Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Krakow al. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University Riccarton Edinburgh EH14 4AS United Kingdom and Maxwell Institute of Mathematical Sciences Edinburgh United Kingdom School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Krakow al. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland and Faculty of Physics Bielefeld University P.O. Box 100131 D-33501 Bielefeld Germany

Using the electrostatic analogy, we derive an exact formula for the limiting Yang-Lee zero distribution in the random allocation model of general weights. This exhibits a real-space condensation phase transition, which is induced by a pressure change. The exact solution allows one to read off the scaling of the density of zeros at the critical point and the angle at which the locus of zeros hits the critical point. Since the order of the phase transition and critical exponents can be tuned with a single parameter for several families of weights, the model provides a useful testing ground for verifying various relations between the distribution of zeros and the critical behavior, as well as for exploring the behavior of physical quantities in the mesoscopic regime, i.e., systems of large but finite size. The main result is that asymptotically the Yang-Lee zeros are images of a conformal mapping, given by the generating function for the weights, of uniformly distributed complex phases.

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Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy reveals the structural rearrangements of tau protein aggregates at the growth phase

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NANOSCALE 2024年第10期16卷 5294-5301页

作者： Sofinska, Kamila Seweryn, Sara Skirlinska-Nosek, Katarzyna Barbasz, Jakub Lipiec, Ewelina [a]Jagiellonian University Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Krakow Poland [b]Jagiellonian University Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Krakow Poland [c]Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Niezapominajek 8 30-239 Krakow Poland

Tau protein aggregates inside neurons in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Because of the enormous number of people suffering from AD, this disease has become one of the world's major health and social problems. The presence of tau lesions clearly correlates with cognitive impairments in AD patients, thus, tau is the target of potential treatments for AD, next to amyloid-beta. The exact mechanism of tau aggregation has not been understood in detail so far;especially little is known about the structural rearrangements of tau aggregates at the growth phase. The research into tau conformation at each step of the aggregation pathway will contribute to the design of effective therapeutic approaches. To follow the secondary structure of individual tau aggregates at the growth phase, we applied tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). The nanospectroscopic approach enabled us to follow the structure of individual aggregates occurring in the subsequent phases of tau aggregation. We applied multivariate data analysis to extract the spectral differences for tau aggregates at different aggregation phases. Moreover, atomic force microscopy (AFM) allowed the tracking of the morphological alterations for species occurring with the progression of tau aggregation. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) enabled the structural differences between tau protein aggregates to be revealed, specifically tau protofibrils and young fibrils at the level of individual aggregates.

关键词： Aggregates

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Energy Management Strategy with a Hybrid Renewable Energy System for a Standalone House 16

Energy Management Strategy with a Hybrid Renewable Energy Sy...

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16th International Conference on applied and Theoretical Electricity, ICATE 2024

作者： Mustata, Laurentiu-Alex Sorea, Gheorghe-Dan Helerea, Elena Transilvania University Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics Department Brasov Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388107

In the case of standalone houses, ensuring a continuous and regulated power supply from renewable sources is crucial. To address their unpredictable nature, an environmentally conscious hybrid renewable energy system combining photovoltaic panels, a battery, and a Diesel generator is considered. A software application simulates the power flow in a standalone house with common AC loads, analysing summer and winter scenarios over 24 hours. The strategy employed provides an optimal energy management by using the Diesel generator only during peak demand when PV is available and to cover loads and maintain battery life when PV is not in operation. The simulation results provide valuable insights for designing such hybrid energy systems and for enhancing system responsiveness to dynamic energy demands. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Hybrid power

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Lévy flights and Lévy walks under stochastic resetting

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Physical Review E 2024年第4期109卷 044147-044147页

作者： Bartosz Żbik Bartłomiej Dybiec Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland Institute of Theoretical Physics and Mark Kac Center for Complex Systems Research Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Łojasiewicza 11 30-348 Kraków Poland

Stochastic resetting is a protocol of starting anew, which can be used to facilitate the escape kinetics. We demonstrate that restarting can accelerate the escape kinetics from a finite interval restricted by two absorbing boundaries also in the presence of heavy-tailed, Lévy-type, α-stable noise. However, the width of the domain where resetting is beneficial depends on the value of the stability index α determining the power-law decay of the jump length distribution. For heavier (smaller α) distributions, the domain becomes narrower in comparison to lighter tails. Additionally, we explore connections between Lévy flights (LFs) and Lévy walks (LWs) in the presence of stochastic resetting. First of all, we show that for Lévy walks, the stochastic resetting can also be beneficial in the domain where the coefficient of variation is smaller than 1. Moreover, we demonstrate that in the domain where LWs are characterized by a finite mean jump duration (length), with the increasing width of the interval, the LWs start to share similarities with LFs under stochastic resetting.

关键词： Brownian motion Escape problems Levy flights Noise

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Modeling and Visualization of Complex Systems with the Use of GraphTool 1

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20th International Conference on Cooperative Design, Visualization and Engineering, CDVE 2023

作者： Świderska, Iwona Grabska, Ewa Palacz, Wojciech Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University ul. prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewicza 11 Kraków30-348 Poland

ISBN: (数字)9783031438158

ISBN: (纸本)9783031438141

This paper proposes a model of a complex design system in the form of a system of graphs with attributed and labeled not only nodes and edges but also entire graphs. The primary task of the graph system is to collect data from information provided by the context and organize this data according to the relationships between them, including adding metadata represented by layers with graph labels that designate the appropriate graphs for layers. At the layer level, we can define relationships between layers as relationships between nodes of graphs belonging to different layers. The proposed model has been implemented in GraphTool which is designed to support modeling and visualization of this graph system type using computer tools for graph transformation. The approach presented in this paper will be illustrated by an example that, concerns human resources management in a large software company and is an example of a description of human cooperation. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Visualization

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Measurement sharpness and disturbance tradeoff

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Physical Review A 2024年第1期109卷 012201-012201页

作者： Nayere Saberian Seyed Javad Akhtarshenas Fereshte Shahbeigi Department of Physics Ferdowsi University of Mashhad *** Mashhad Iran Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University 30-348 Krakow Poland

Obtaining information from a quantum system through a measurement typically disturbs its state. The postmeasurement states for a given measurement, however, are not unique and highly rely on the chosen measurement model, complicating the puzzle of information disturbance. Two distinct questions are then in order. First, what is the minimum disturbance a measurement may induce? Second, when a fixed disturbance occurs, how informative is the possible measurement in the best-case scenario? Here we propose various approaches to tackle these questions and provide explicit solutions for the set of unbiased binary qubit measurements and postmeasurement state spaces that are equivalent to the image of a unital qubit channel. In particular, we show there are different tradeoff relations between the sharpness of this measurement and the average fidelity of the premeasurement and postmeasurement state spaces as well as the sharpness and quantum resources preserved in the postmeasurement states in terms of coherence and discordlike correlation once the measurement is applied locally.

关键词： Quantum information theory Quantum measurements

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