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Demonstrating the quasilocalized nature of the Sn impurity states in Bi2Te2Se

Physical Review B 2025年第20期111卷 205202-205202页

作者： Adèle Léon Kacper Pryga Arthur Wieder Ilayda Terzi Petr Levinský Sylvie Migot Jaafar Ghanbaja Soufiane El Oualid Bertrand Lenoir Bartlomiej Wiendlocha Christophe Candolfi Université de Lorraine CNRS IJL F-54000 Nancy France AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Aleja Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland FZU – Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10/112 16200 Prague 6 Czech Republic

Binary M2X3 compounds (M=Sb, Bi and X=S, Se, Te) and their solid solutions are among the most efficient materials for thermoelectric applications near room temperature. In the canonical compound Bi2Te3, Sn has been shown to induce a resonant level (RL) ∼15 meV below the valence band edge, leading to enhanced thermopower values with respect to those achieved with rigidlike impurities. However, the question of whether Sn is still a resonant impurity in ternary alloys and notably, in the topological insulator Bi2Te2Se, remains unsettled. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that Sn loses its resonant character in Bi2Te2Se. Alloying with Pb in Bi1.99−ySn0.01PbyTe2Se rigidly shifts the chemical potential towards the valence bands and reveals a metal-insulator transition at low temperatures, which can be well described by an Sn impurity level that dominates the electrical conduction up to y=0.020. Further increasing y to 0.025 and 0.030 progressively restores a conventional valence band conduction. The presence of the Sn impurity level that forms a density-of-states peak disconnected from the valence band manifold is supported by electronic band structure calculations. Due to the quasilocalized nature of this impurity level, the addition of Sn does not enhance the thermopower values compared to those measured in Sn-free samples, resulting in comparable thermoelectric performance, with a peak ZT value of 0.70 achieved at 425 K for y=0.01.

关键词： Metal insulator transition

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Spectral Delineation of Markov Generators: Classical vs Quantum

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chruściński, Dariusz Denisov, Sergey Tarnowski, Wojciech Życzkowski, Karol Institute of Physics Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Informatics Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń87-100 Poland Department of Computer Science Oslo Metropolitan University OsloN–0130 Norway Institute of Theoretical Physics Jagiellonian University Cracow30–348 Poland Center for Theoretical Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw02–668 Poland

The celebrated theorem of Perron and Frobenius implies that spectra of classical Markov operators, represented by stochastic matrices, are restricted to the unit disk. This property holds also for spectra of quantum stochastic maps (quantum channels), which describe quantum Markovian evolution in discrete time. Moreover, the spectra of stochastic N × N matrices are additionally restricted to a subset of the unit disk, called Karpelevic̆ region, the shape of which depends on N. We address the question of whether the spectra of generators, which induce Markovian evolution in continuous time, can be bound in a similar way. We propose a rescaling that allows us to answer this question affirmatively. The eigenvalues of the rescaled classical generators are confined to the modified Karpelevic̆ regions, whereas the eigenvalues of the rescaled quantum generators fill the entire unit disk. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Markov processes

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PARTITION FUNCTION ZEROS OF PATHS AND NORMALIZATION ZEROS OF ASEPS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Burda, Zdzislaw Johnston, Desmond A. AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University Riccarton EdinburghEH14 4AS United Kingdom

We exploit the equivalence between the partition function of an adsorbing Dyck walk model and the Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process (ASEP) normalization to obtain the thermodynamic limit of the locus of the ASEP normalization zeros from a conformal map. We discuss the equivalence between this approach and using an electrostatic analogy to determine the locus, both in the case of the ASEP and the random allocation model. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Conformal mapping

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Dynamic changes in macrophage populations and resulting alterations in Prostaglandin E₂ sensitivity in mice with diet-induced MASH

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Cell Communication and Signaling 2025年第1期23卷 1-17页

作者： Vahrenbrink, Madita Coleman, C.D. Kuipers, S. Lurje, I. Hammerich, L. Kunkel, D. Keye, J. Dittrich, S. Schjeide, B.M. Hiß, R. Müller, J. Püschel, G.P. Henkel, J. Department of Nutritional Biochemistry Institute of Nutritional Science University of Potsdam Nuthetal Germany Max Rubner Center (MRC) for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research Institute of Pharmacology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Hessische Straße 3-4 Berlin 10115 Germany Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Flow & Mass Cytometry Core Facility Berlin Institute of Health at Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Nutritional Biochemistry Faculty of Life Sciences: Food Nutrition and Health University of Bayreuth Kulmbach Germany Physics and Computer Sciences Applied Computer Sciences VIII Faculty of Mathematics University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany

Background: The transition from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) to steatohepatitis (MASH) is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation, involving activation of resident macrophages (Kupffer cells;KC) and recruitment of infiltrating macrophages. Macrophages produce cytokines and, after induction of Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), the key enzyme of prostanoid synthesis, prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂). PGE₂ modulates cytokine production in an autocrine and paracrine manner, therefore playing a pivotal role in regulating inflammatory processes. Changes in the hepatic macrophage pool during MASLD progression to MASH could influence PGE₂- and cytokine-mediated signaling processes. The aim of this study was to characterize these changes in mice with diet-induced MASH and further elucidate the role of COX-2-dependently formed PGE₂ on the inflammatory response in different macrophage populations of mice with a macrophage-specific COX-2-deletion. Methods: Male, 6-7-week-old wildtype mice were fed either a Standard or high-fat, high-cholesterol MASH-inducing diet for 4, 12 and 20 weeks. Liver macrophages were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry. For in vitro experiments primary KC, peritoneal macrophages (PM) and Bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were isolated from macrophage-specific COX-2-deficient and wildtype mice and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or PGE₂. Results: During MASH-development, the proportion of KC (Clec4F⁺Tim4⁺) decreased, while the proportion of monocyte-derived macrophages (Clec4F⁻Tim4⁻) and monocyte-derived cells exhibiting a phenotype similar to KC (Clec4F⁺Tim4⁻) significantly increased over time. In vitro experiments showed that exogenous PGE₂ completely abrogated the LPS-induced mRNA expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in primary KC, PM a

关键词： Cyclooxygenase Infiltrating macrophages Inflammation Kupffer cells MASH Prostaglandin E2 TNF-α

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Local-photon model of the momentum of light

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Physical Review A 2025年第2期111卷 023703-023703页

作者： Gabriel Waite Daniel Hodgson Ben Lang Varghese Alapatt Almut Beige The School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology and Centre for Quantum Software and Information School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia The School of Physics and Astronomy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2RD United Kingdom Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad de Valencia E-46980 Paterna Valencia Spain

Recently we introduced a local photon approach for modeling the quantized electromagnetic field in position space. Using this approach, we define the momentum of light in this paper as in quantum mechanics as the generator for spatial translation. Afterward, we analyze the momentum dynamics of photonic wave packets which transition from air into a denser dielectric medium. Our analysis shines new light onto the Abraham-Minkowski controversy, which highlights the intricacies involved in the characterization of the momentum of the electromagnetic field. Although our results align with Minkowski's theory and with the definition of the canonical momentum of light in quantum electrodynamics, there are also some crucial differences.

关键词： Momentum

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Spin wave interactions in the pyrochlore Heisenberg antiferromagnet with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jyothis, V.V. Mondal, Kallol Mavani, Himanshu Chandra, V. Ravi School of Physical Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar Odisha Jatni752050 India Homi Bhabha National Institute Training School Complex Anushaktinagar Mumbai400094 India AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Aleja Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Department of Physics and Astronomy Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska LincolnNE68588-0299 United States

We study the effect of magnon interactions on the spin wave spectra of the all-in-all-out phase of the pyrochlore nearest neighbour antiferromagnet with a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (D). The leading order corrections to spin wave energies indicate a significant renormalisation for commonly encountered strengths of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya term. For low values of D we find a potential instability of the phase itself, indicated by the renormalisation of magnon frequencies to negative values. We have also studied the renormalized spectra in the presence of magnetic fields along three high symmetry directions of the lattice, namely the [111], [100] and [110] directions. Generically, we find that for a fixed value of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction renormalized spectra for the lowest band decrease with an increasing strength of the field. We have also analyzed the limits of the two magnon continuum and probed the possibility of magnon decay. For a range of D and the field strength we identify possible parameter regimes where the decay of the higher bands of the system are kinematically allowed. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Spin waves

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First-principles investigation of Rb2CaH4 and Cs-doped Rb2CaH4: Unveiling their potential for hydrogen storage through mechanical and optoelectronic properties

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 116卷 462-472页

作者： Azam, Sikander Rafiq, Qaiser Elsharkawy, Eman Ramadan Khan, Muhammad Tahir El-Bahy, Salah M. Khan, Wilayat Khan, Saleem Ayaz Faculty of Engineering and Applied Sciences Riphah International University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Center for Health Research Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Northern Border University Arar91431 Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua China Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology & Equipment of Zhejiang Province College of Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua China Department of Chemistry Turabah University College Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif21944 Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Bacha Khan University KP Charsadda Pakistan New Technologies e Research Center University of West Bohemia Univerzitni 8 306 14 Pilsen Czech Republic

This study uses the density functional theory (DFT) approach with GGA-PBE to assess the effect of substituting alkali metals in Rb2CaH4 and Cs-doped Rb2CaH4 on their hydrogen storage potential. To address the challenges associated with predicting accurate electronic properties in materials containing heavier elements such as cesium, spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects have been incorporated into our calculations. The mechanical robustness of both Rb2CaH4 and Cs-doped Rb2CaH4, as demonstrated by their mechanical properties, highlights these materials as promising candidates due to their stability in hydrogen storage applications. Anisotropic factors show that all materials exhibit anisotropy, suggesting a directional dependency in their properties. The Pugh ratio indicates that Rb2CaH4 and Cs-doped Rb2CaH4 are brittle materials. Based on the calculated band gap, the electronic band structure analysis, conducted using both HSE06 and GGA-PBE, shows that Rb2CaH4 and Cs-doped Rb2CaH4 are wide-bandgap materials. Rb2CaH4 and Cs-doped Rb2CaH4 exhibit the highest optical conductivity, absorption coefficient, and energy loss function among optoelectronic materials, emphasizing their superior absorption and electron transfer capabilities. The hydrogen storage capacity has been evaluated for practical applications;Rb2CaH4 and Cs-doped Rb2CaH4 show the highest gravimetric and volumetric capacities. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Optical conductivity

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Classification of Wheat Species Using Convolutional Neural Networks: A Comparative Study 8th

Classification of Wheat Species Using Convolutional Neural ...

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8th EAI International Conference on Future Access Enablers of Ubiquitous and Intelligent Infrastructures, FABULOUS 2024

作者： Kowalski, Piotr A. Jeczmionek, Ernest Charytanowicz, Malgorzata Lukasik, Szymon Niewczas, Jerzy Kulczycki, Piotr Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Krakow al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Cracow30-059 Poland Polish Academy of Sciences Systems Research Institute ul. Newelska 6 Warsaw01-447 Poland Doctoral School at AGH Krakow al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Cracow30-059 Poland Department of Computer Science Lublin University of Technology ul. Nadbystrzycka 36B Lublin20-618 Poland Department of Microstructure and Mechanics of Biomaterials Institute of Agrophysics PAS Doswiadczalna 4 Lublin20-290 Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031723926

This paper introduces a novel image dataset tailored for evaluating machine learning solutions, particularly focusing on deep neural networks. Derived from X-ray images of wheat grains, the dataset encompasses three distinct species: Kama, Rosa, and Canadian. We provide a comprehensive overview of the dataset’s structure and conduct experiments using ten pretrained deep neural networks to classify wheat species. The Seeds Image Data Set offers a competitive alternative to established object recognition benchmarks such as CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, SVHN, and ImageNet. Its compact size streamlines computational processes, making it an efficient resource for exploratory data analysis. The dataset will be publicly available, serving as a foundational resource for future research endeavors in the field. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Digital Quantum Simulations of the Non-Resonant Open Tavis–Cummings Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Sims, Aidan N. Patel, Dhrumil Philip, Aby Rubin, Alex H. Bandyopadhyay, Rahul Radulaski, Marina Wilde, Mark M. School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States Department of Computer Science Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California DavisCA95616 United States Applied Quantum Algorithms Leiden University Leiden2333 CA Netherlands School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States

The open Tavis–Cummings model consists of N quantum emitters interacting with a common cavity mode, accounts for losses and decoherence, and is frequently explored for quantum information processing and designing quantum devices. As N increases, it becomes harder to simulate the open Tavis–Cummings model using traditional methods. To address this problem, we implement two quantum algorithms for simulating the dynamics of this model in the inhomogenous, non-resonant regime, with up to three excitations in the cavity. We show that the implemented algorithms have gate complexities that scale polynomially, as O(N2) and O(N3). One of these algorithms is the sampling-based wave matrix Lindbladization algorithm, for which we propose two protocols to implement its system-independent fixed interaction, resolving key open questions of [Patel and Wilde, Open Sys. & Info. Dyn., 30:2350014 (2023)]. Furthermore, we benchmark our results against a classical differential equation solver and demonstrate the ability to simulate classically intractable systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Jaynes-Cummings model

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Acceptance dependence of factorial cumulants, long-range correlations, and the antiproton puzzle

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Bzdak, Adam Koch, Volker Vovchenko, Volodymyr AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Kraków30-059 Poland Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States Physics Department University of Houston 3507 Cullen Blvd HoustonTX77204 United States

We analyze joint factorial cumulants of protons and antiprotons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and point out that they obey the scaling (Formula presented) as a function of acceptance when only long-range correlations are present in the system, such as global baryon conservation and volume fluctuations. This hypothesis can be directly tested experimentally without the need for corrections for volume fluctuations. We show that if correlations among protons and antiprotons are driven by global baryon conservation and volume fluctuations only, the equality (Formula presented) holds for large systems created in central collisions. We point out that the experimental data of the STAR Collaboration from phase I of RHIC beam energy scan are approximately consistent with the scaling (Formula presented), but the normalized antiproton correlations are stronger than that of protons, (Formula presented)2, indicating that global baryon conservation and volume fluctuations alone cannot explain the data. We also discuss high-order factorial cumulants which can be measured with sufficient precision within phase II of RHIC-BES. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy ions

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