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Dephasing superchannels

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Physical Review A 2021年第5期104卷 052611-052611页

作者： Zbigniew Puchała Kamil Korzekwa Roberto Salazar Paweł Horodecki Karol Życzkowski Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics Polish Academy of Sciences 44-100 Gliwice Poland Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University 30-348 Kraków Poland International Centre for Theory of Quantum Technologies University of Gdańsk Wita Stwosza 63 80-308 Gdańsk Poland Center for Theoretical Physics Polish Academy of Sciences 02-668 Warszawa Poland

We characterize a class of environmental noises that decrease the coherent properties of quantum channels by introducing and analyzing the properties of dephasing superchannels. These are defined as superchannels that affect only nonclassical properties of a quantum channel E, i.e., they leave invariant the transition probabilities induced by E in the distinguished basis. We prove that such superchannels ΞC form a particular subclass of Schur-product supermaps that act on the Jamiołkowski state J(E) of a channel E via a Schur product, J′=J∘C. We also find physical realizations of general ΞC through pre- and postprocessing employing dephasing channels with memory, and we show that memory plays a nontrivial role for quantum systems of dimension d>2. Moreover, we prove that the coherence-generating power of a general quantum channel is a monotone under dephasing superchannels. Finally, we analyze the effect that dephasing noise can have on a quantum channel E by investigating the number of distinguishable channels that E can be mapped to by a family of dephasing superchannels. More precisely, we upper-bound this number in terms of hypothesis-testing channel divergence between E and its fully dephased version, and we also relate it to the robustness of coherence of E.

关键词： Quantum channels

A robust alternating direction method of multipliers numerical scheme in a shape optimization setting for solving geometric inverse problems

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Rabago, Julius Fergy Tiongson Hadri, Aissam Afraites, Lekbir Hendy, Ahmed S. Zaky, Mahmoud A. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa920-1192 Japan Université Ibn Zohr Faculté Polydisciplinaire Ouarzazate Morocco EMI FST Université Sultan Moulay Slimane Béni-Mellal Morocco Department of Computational Mathematics and Computer Science Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ural Federal University 19 Mira St. Ekaterinburg620002 Russia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Benha University Benha13511 Egypt Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of Science Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Applied Mathematics National Research Centre Dokki Cairo12622 Egypt

The alternating direction method of multipliers within a shape optimization framework is developed for solving geometric inverse problems, focusing on a cavity identification problem from the perspective of non-destructive testing and evaluation techniques. The rationale behind this method is to achieve more accurate detection of unknown inclusions with pronounced concavities, emphasizing the aspect of shape optimization. Several numerical results to illustrate the applicability and efficiency of the method are presented for various shape detection problems. These numerical experiments are conducted in both two- and three-dimensional settings, with a focus on cases involving noise-contaminated data. The main finding of the study is that the proposed method significantly outperforms conventional shape optimization methods in reconstructing unknown cavity shapes. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Inverse problems

Using Smartphones to Study Vaccination Decisions in the Wild

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Girardini, Nicolò Alessandro Stopczynski, Arkadiusz Baranov, Olga Betsch, Cornelia Brockmann, Dirk Lehmann, Sune Böhm, Robert University of Trento Italy Trento Italy University of Copenhagen Denmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna Austria Department of Psychology University of Copenhagen Denmark Health Communication Implementation Science Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine Germany Health Communication Institute for Planetary Health Behaviour University of Erfurt Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP Immunology Infection and Pandemic Research Munich Germany Partner site Munich Germany Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine LMU University Hospital LMU Munich Germany Center Synergy of Systems AND Center for Interdisciplinary Digital Sciences Faculty of Biology AND Faculty of Physics TUD Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Independent Researcher

One of the most important tools available to limit the spread and impact of infectious diseases is vaccination. It is therefore important to understand what factors determine people’s vaccination decisions. To this end, previous behavioural research made use of, (i) controlled but often abstract or hypothetical studies (e.g., vignettes) or, (ii) realistic but typically less flexible studies that make it difficult to understand individual decision processes (e.g., clinical trials). Combining the best of these approaches, we propose integrating real-world Bluetooth contacts via smartphones in several rounds of a game scenario, as a novel methodology to study vaccination decisions and disease spread. In our 12-week proof-of-concept study conducted with N = 494 students, we found that participants strongly responded to some of the information provided to them during or after each decision round, particularly those related to their individual health outcomes. In contrast, information related to others’ decisions and outcomes (e.g., the number of vaccinated or infected individuals) appeared to be less important. We discuss the potential of this novel method and point to fruitful areas for future research. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smartphones

A Novel Ferroelectric Rashba Semiconductor

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Krizman, Gauthier Zakusylo, Tetiana Sajeev, Lakshmi Hajlaoui, Mahdi Takashiro, Takuya Rosmus, Marcin Olszowska, Natalia Kolodziej, Jacek J. Bauer, Günther Caha, Ondrej Springholz, Gunther Institut für Halbleiter und Festkörperphysik Johannes Kepler Universität Altenberger Strasse 69 Linz4040 Austria Department of Condensed Matter Physics Masaryk University Kotlárská 2 Brno61137 Czech Republic National Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS Jagiellonian University Czerwone Maki 98 Krakow30-392 Poland Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Ul. Prof. Stanislawa Lojasiewizca 11 Krakow30-348 Poland

Fast, reversible, and low-power manipulation of the spin texture is crucial for next generation spintronic devices like non-volatile bipolar memories, switchable spin current injectors or spin field effect transistors. Ferroelectric Rashba semiconductors (FERSC) are the ideal class of materials for the realization of such devices. Their ferroelectric character enables an electronic control of the Rashba-type spin texture by means of the reversible and switchable polarization. Yet, only very few materials have been established to belong to this class of multifunctional materials. Here, Pb1-xGexTe is unraveled as a novel FERSC system down to nanoscale. The ferroelectric phase transition and concomitant lattice distortion is demonstrated by temperature dependent X-ray diffraction, and its effect on electronic properties are measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. In few nanometer-thick epitaxial heterostructures, a large Rashba spin-splitting is exhibiting a wide tuning range as a function of temperature and Ge content. Our work defines Pb1-xGexTe as a high-potential FERSC system for spintronic applications. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： X ray diffraction

INTERMEDIATE MASS KAONIC ATOMS AT DAΦNE

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Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement

Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement 2024年第6期17卷

作者： Artibani, F. Clozza, F. Bazzi, M. Capoccia, C. Clozza, A. De Paolis, L. Dulski, K. Guaraldo, C. Iliescu, M. Khreptak, A. Manti, S. Napolitano, F. Vazquez Doce, O. Scordo, A. Sgaramella, F. Sirghi, F. Spallone, A. Cargnelli, M. Marton, J. Tüchler, M. Zmeskal, J. Abbene, L. Buttacavoli, A. Principato, F. Bosnar, D. Friščić, I. Bragadireanu, M. Borghi, G. Carminati, M. Deda, G. Fiorini, C. Del Grande, R. Iwasaki, M. Moskal, P. Niedźwiecki, S. Silarski, M. Skurzok, M. Ohnishi, H. Toho, K. Sirghi, D. Piscicchia, K. Curceanu, C. Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Frascati Italy University of Roma Tre Italy University of Rome La Sapienza Italy Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik Vienna Austria Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia Măgurele Romania Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Milano Italy Excellence Cluster Universe Technische Universiät München Garching Germany RIKEN Tokyo Japan Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Center for Theranostics Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Tohoku University Sendai Japan Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi Museo Storico della Fisica Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi" Roma Italy

The SIDDHARTA-2 Collaboration aims to measure for the first time the shift and width induced on the 1s level of kaonic deuterium by the strong interaction. In the preliminary phase to the experiment, a test run using a Helium-4 target was performed to optimize the performance of the full experimental apparatus. This preliminary study highlighted the possibility to measure transition lines coming from intermediate-mass kaonic atoms, such as kaonic carbon and kaonic aluminum. In order to measure transitions where strong interaction is manifesting at higher energies, out of the energy range of the SIDDHARTA-2 apparatus, the collaboration is testing a new detector system which exploits a novel compound semiconductor, the cadmium–zinc–telluride. Tests are now running at DAΦNE to study the performance of this detector, exploring the possibility to build a dedicated setup. © 2024 Jagiellonian University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semiconducting cadmium telluride

KAONIC HELIUM-4 L-SERIES YIELD MEASUREMENT AT 2.25 g/l DENSITY BY SIDDHARTA-2 at DAΦNE

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Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement

Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement 2024年第1期17卷 1A81-1A87页

作者： Sgaramella, F. Bazzi, M. Clozza, A. Curceanu, C. De Paolis, L. Dulski, K. Guaraldo, C. Iliescu, M. Khreptak, A. Manti, S. Napolitano, F. Scordo, A. Sirghi, F. Spallone, A. Miliucci, M. Artibani, F. Clozza, F. Cargnelli, M. Marton, J. Tüchler, M. Zmeskal, J. Abbene, L. Buttacavoli, A. Principato, F. Bosnar, D. Friščić, I. Bragadireanu, M. Borghi, G. Carminati, M. Deda, G. Fiorini, C. Del Grande, R. Iwasaki, M. Moskal, P. Niedźwiecki, S. Silarski, M. Skurzok, M. Ohnishi, H. Toho, K. Yoshida, C. Sirghi, D. Piscicchia, K. Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Frascati Italy ASI Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Roma Italy University of Rome La Sapienza Italy Stefan-Meyer-Institut für Subatomare Physik Vienna Austria Emilio Segrè University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia Măgurele Romania Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Milano Italy Technische Universiät München Garching Germany RIKEN Tokyo Japan Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Center for Theranostics Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Tohoku University Sendai Japan Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi — Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi" Roma Italy

This article presents the results of the kaonic helium-4 measurement conducted by the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment, aiming to provide crucial insights into the low-energy strong interaction in the strangeness sector. High-precision X-ray spectroscopy is used to examine the interaction between negatively charged kaons and nuclei in atomic systems. The SIDDHARTA-2 setup was optimized through the kaonic helium-4 measurement in preparation for the challenging kaonic deuterium measurement. The kaonic helium-4 measurement at a new density of 2.25 g/l is reported, providing the absolute and relative yields for the L-series transitions, which are essential data for understanding kaonic atom cascade processes. © 2024 Jagiellonian University. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray spectroscopy

Hinge modes and surface states in second-order topological three-dimensional quantum Hall systems induced by charge density modulation

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Physical Review B 2020年第12期102卷 125126-125126页

作者： Paweł Szumniak Daniel Loss Jelena Klinovaja AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland Department of Physics University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 82 4056 Basel Switzerland

We consider a system of weakly coupled one-dimensional wires forming a three-dimensional stack in the presence of a spatially periodic modulation of the chemical potential along the wires, equivalent to a charge density wave (CDW). An external static magnetic field is applied parallel to the wire axes. We show that, for a certain parameter regime, due to interplay between the CDW and magnetic field, the system can support a second-order topological phase characterized by the presence of chiral quasi-1D quantum Hall effect (QHE) hinge modes. Interestingly, we demonstrate that direction of propagation of the hinge modes depends on the phase of the CDW and can be reversed only by electrical means without the need of changing the orientation of the magnetic field. Furthermore, we show that the system can also support 2D chiral surface QHE states, which can coexist with one-dimensional hinge modes, realizing a scenario of a hybrid high-order topology. Performing two-terminal transport simulations in the linear response regime, we confirm quantized QHE resistance plateaus, which are highly robust to disorder giving a clear signature of hinge and surface states.

关键词： Edge states Hall effect Topological materials

Recent Developments within The Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory (CREDO)

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Alvarez-Castillo, David Homola, Piotr Sushchov, Oleksandr Stasielak, Jaroslaw Stuglik, Slawomir Góra, Dariusz Nazari, Vahab Oancea, Cristina Granja, Carlos Beznosko, Dmitriy Zabari, Noemi Gupta, Alok C. Hnatyk, Bohdan Mozgova, Alona Kasztelan, Marcin Bielewicz, Marcin Kovacs, Peter Lozowski, Bartosz Medvedev, Mikhail V. Miszczyk, Justyna Bibrzycki, Lukasz Niedźwiecki, Michal Smelcerz, Katarzyna Hachaj, Tomasz Piekarczyk, Marcin Pawlik, Maciej Rzecki, Krzysztof Rosas, Matías Smolek, Karel Svanidze, Manana Beradze, Revaz Tursunov, Arman Wibig, Tadeusz Zamora-Saa, Jilberto Poncyljusz, Bozena Medrala, Justyna Opila, Gabriela Pryga, Jerzy Ruimi, Ophir Cahuantzi, Mario Rodriguez Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Radzikowskiego 152 Kraków31-342 Poland ADVACAM 12 Prague17000 Czech Republic Clayton State University MorrowGA United States Juliusza Slowackiego 24 Rzeszów35-069 Poland Manora Peak Nainital263001 India Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv04053 Ukraine National Centre for Nuclear Research Andrzeja Soltana 7 Świerk Otwock05-400 Poland Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics Wigner Research Centre for Physics 1121 Konkoly-Thege Miklós út Budapest29-33 Hungary Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Silesia in Katowice Bankowa 9 Katowice40-007 Poland Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States Laboratory for Nuclear Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Computer Science Cracow University of Technology Warszawska 24 Kraków31-155 Poland ACC Cyfronet AGH-UST Kraków30-950 Poland AGH University of Science and Technology Mickiewicz Ave. Kraków30-059 Poland Liceo 6 Francisco Bauzá Lucas Obes 896 Montevideo11700 Uruguay Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Czech Technical University in Prague Husova 240/5 Prague 1110 00 Czech Republic E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics under Tbilisi State University 6 Tamarashvili St. Tbilisi0186 Georgia Institute of Physics Silesian University in Opava Bezručovo nám. 13 OpavaCZ-74601 Czech Republic University of Lódź Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics 90-236 Lódź Pomorska 149/153 Poland Universidad Andres Bello Departamento de Ciencias Fisicas Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Avenida Republica 498 Santiago Chile Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw Warsaw02-093 Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Mickiewicz Ave. Kraków30-059 Poland Pedagogical University of Krakow Institute of Computer Science ul. Podchorąych Krak

This contribution presents the recent research developments within the Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory (CREDO) in the search for resolution of various scientific puzzles, ranging from fundamental physical questions to applications like the determination of earthquake precursors. The state-of-the art theoretical, numerical and computational aspects of these phenomena are addressed, as well as recent experimental developments for detection. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Cosmic rays

Work fluctuations due to partial thermalizations in two-level systems

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Quadeer, Maria Korzekwa, Kamil Tomamichel, Marco Centre for Quantum Software and Information School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney NSW2007 Australia Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Kraków30-348 Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore119077 Singapore

We study work extraction processes mediated by finite-time interactions with an ambient bath—partial thermalizations—as continuous time Markov processes for two-level systems. Such a stochastic process results in fluctuations in the amount of work that can be extracted and is characterized by the rate at which the system parameters are driven in addition to the rate of thermalization with the bath. We analyze the distribution of work for the case where the energy gap of a two-level system is driven at a constant rate. We derive analytic expressions for average work and lower bound for the variance of work showing that such processes cannot be fluctuation-free in general. We also observe that an upper bound for the Monte Carlo estimate of the variance of work can be obtained using Jarzynski’s fluctuation-dissipation relation for systems initially in equilibrium. Finally, we analyse work extraction cycles by modifying the Carnot cycle, incorporating processes involving partial thermalizations and obtain efficiency at maximum power for such finite-time work extraction cycles under different sets of constraints. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carnot cycle