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Inclusive-photon production and its dependence on photon isolation in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV using 139 fb⁻¹ of ATLAS data

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Journal of High Energy physics 2023年第7期2023卷 86页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abeling, K. Abidi, S.H. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Abusleme Hoffman, A.C. Acharya, B.S. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Addepalli, S.V. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adorni, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Agarwala, J. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Ahmad, A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W.S. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Ait Tamlihat, M. Aitbenchikh, B. Aizenberg, I. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Al Khoury, K. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, A. Alfonsi, F. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, S. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allendes Flores, C.A. Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alvarez Estevez, M. Alvarez Fernandez, A. Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S.P. Amos, K.R. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Andrean, S.Y. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M.T. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Antrim, D.J.A. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparisi Pozo, J.A. Aparo, M.A. Aperio Bella, L. Appelt, C. Aranzabal, N. Araujo Ferraz, V. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arena, E. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Arrubarrena Tame, Z.P. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkin, R.J. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N.B. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auricchio, S. Auriol, A.D. Austrup, V.A. Avner, G. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Azuelos, G. Babal, D. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Backman, F. Badea, A. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bailey, A.J. Bailey, V.R. Baines, J.T. Bakalis, C. Baker, O.K. Bakker, P.J. Bakos, E. Bakshi Gupta, D. Balasubramanian, R. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Balz, J. Banas, E. Bandieramonte, M. Bandyopadhyay, A. Ba Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing China University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS) Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics and Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Istinye University Sariyer Istanbul Turk

Measurements of differential cross sections are presented for inclusive isolated-photon production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV provided by the LHC and using 139 fb⁻¹ of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment. The cross sections are measured as functions of the photon transverse energy in different regions of photon pseudorapidity. The photons are required to be isolated by means of a fixed-cone method with two different cone radii. The dependence of the inclusive-photon production on the photon isolation is investigated by measuring the fiducial cross sections as functions of the isolation-cone radius and the ratios of the differential cross sections with different radii in different regions of photon pseudorapidity. The results presented in this paper constitute an improvement with respect to those published by ATLAS earlier: the measurements are provided for different isolation radii and with a more granular segmentation in photon pseudorapidity that can be exploited in improving the determination of the proton parton distribution functions. These improvements provide a more in-depth test of the theoretical predictions. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from JETPHOX and SHERPA and next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from NNLOJET are compared to the measurements, using several parameterisations of the proton parton distribution functions. The measured cross sections are well described by the fixed-order QCD predictions within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties in most of the investigated phase-space region. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Hadron-Hadron Scattering

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Electrostatic quantum dot confinement in phosphorene

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Szafran, Bartlomiej AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland

We consider states localized by electrostatic potentials in phosphorene using atomistic tight-binding approach. From the tight-binding spectra of states confined in parabolic potential we extract effective masses for conduction band electrons moving along the armchair and zigzag crystal directions by a fit to the harmonic oscillator spectrum. The masses derived in this way are used for a simple single-band effective-mass model which, as we find, reproduces very well the tight-binding energy spectra in external magnetic field, the confined probability densities, and the interaction effects. We study the confined states in the conduction band and find that both methods already for small quantum dots produce Wigner crystallization with separated single-electron islands. The effective-mass model works with a slightly worse precision for confined states of the valence band. The continuum approach deviates considerably from the tight-binding model only in the limit of extremely strong lateral confinement. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanocrystals

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Helical and topological phase detection based on nonlocal conductance measurements in a three-terminal junction

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Physical Review B 2021年第12期104卷 125410-125410页

作者： P. Wójcik D. Sticlet P. Szumniak M. P. Nowak AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. A. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies 67-103 Donat 400293 Cluj-Napoca Romania AGH University of Science and Technology Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology al. A. Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland

The helical state is a fundamental prerequisite for many spintronics applications and Majorana zero mode engineering in nanoscopic semiconductors. Its existence in quasi-one-dimensional nanowires was predicted to be detectable as a characteristic reentrant behavior in the conductance, which in a typical two-terminal architecture may be difficult to distinguish from other possible phenomena such as Fabry-Perot oscillations. Here we present an alternative method of helical gap detection free of the mentioned ambiguity, based on the nonlocal conductance measurements in a three-terminal junction. We find that the interplay between the spin-orbit coupling and the perpendicular magnetic field leads to a spin-dependent trajectory of electrons and as a consequence a preferential injection of electrons in one of the arms. This causes a remarkable enhancement of nonlocal conductance in the helical gap regime. We show that this phenomenon can be also used to detect the topological superconducting phase when the junction is partially proximitized by an s-wave superconductor.

关键词： Quantum transport Rashba coupling Topological phase transition Topological superconductors Transport phenomena Nanowires Two-dimensional electron gas Landauer formula S-matrix method in transport

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Electroweak boson measurements in p+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions with ATLAS 7

Electroweak boson measurements in p+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions ...

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7th Annual Conference on Large Hadron Collider physics, LHCP 2019

作者： Kremer, Jakub AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland

Electroweak bosons produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions at LHC energies are excellent probes of the collision geometry and centrality. In proton-nucleus collisions, they provide insight into cold nuclear matter effects such as nuclear modifications of parton distribution functions or initialstate parton energy loss. This report presents the latest ATLAS results on massive electroweak boson production in Pb+Pb and pp collisions at sNN = 5:02 TeV using data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2015, as well as a measurement of prompt photon production in p+Pb collisions at sNN = 8:16 TeV. © owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Bosons

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Josephson junction based on high critical-temperature superconductors: analysis, microcontroller implementation, and suppression of coexisting and chaotic attractors

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The European Physical Journal B 2022年第9期95卷 1-13页

作者： Ngongiah, Isidore Komofor Ramakrishnan, Balamurali Natiq, Hayder Pone, Justin Roger Mboupda Kuiate, Gaetan Fautso Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Center for Nonlinear Systems Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai India Information Technology College Imam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq University Baghdad Iraq Research Unit of Automation and Applied Computer (RUAIA) Electrical Engineering Department of IUT-FV University of Dschang Bandjoun Cameroon Department of Physics Higher Teacher Training College University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering National Higher Polytechnic Institute University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

A Josephson junction (JJ) based on high critical-temperature superconductors described by a linear resistive–capacitive–inductance shunted junction (LRCLSJ) model with unharmonic current-phase relation (UCPR) is theoretically and experimentally investigated in this paper. The numerical simulations indicate that JJ based on high critical-temperature superconductors exhibits excitable mode, regular spiking, periodic bursting, relaxation oscillations, chaotic attractors, and coexisting attractors. The theoretical investigations are verified experimentally through the microcontroller implementation. In addition, the coexistence between chaotic and limit cycle attractors found in JJ based on high critical-temperature superconductors is controlled to the desired trajectory using the linear augmentation control method. Finally, analytical calculations and numerical simulations are carried out to show the serviceableness of the two designed single controllers in suppressing chaos in JJ based on high critical-temperature superconductors.

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Parametric activation functions modelling fuzzy connectives for better explainability of neural models

Parametric activation functions modelling fuzzy connectives ...

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International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics (SISY)

作者： Luca Sára Pusztaházi Gábor Csiszár Michael S. Gashler Orsolya Csiszár Physiological Control Research Center Obuda University Budapest Hungary Applied Informatics and Applied Mathematics Doctoral School Obuda University Budapest Hungary Physiological Control Research Center Obuda University Budapest Hungary Institute of Materials Physics University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany SupplyPike Fayetteville Arkansas USA Physiological Control Research Center Hungary Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Obuda University Budapest Aalen University Aalen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665489898

In this work, a neuro-fuzzy hybrid deep learning model is presented for finding human-readable relationships between input features with the help of nilpotent fuzzy logic and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). In the neural network a parameterized, differentiable activation function is used, where the parameter is determined by gradient descent. The goal is to find the optimal regularization value by applying the deep learning model to classification problems from the UCI Machine Learning Repository.

关键词： Deep learning Fuzzy logic Neural networks Decision making Intelligent systems Informatics Tuning

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Simulating first-order phase transition with hierarchical autoregressive networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bialas, Piotr Czarnota, Paulina Korcyl, Piotr Stebel, Tomasz Institute of Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University ul. Lojasiewicza 11 Kraków30-348 Poland Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University ul. Gronostajowa 7 Kraków30-387 Poland Institute of Theoretical Physics Jagiellonian University ul. Lojasiewicza 11 Kraków30-348 Poland

We apply the Hierarchical Autoregressive Neural (HAN) network sampling algorithm to the two-dimensional Q-state Potts model and perform simulations around the phase transition at Q = 12. We quantify the performance of the approach in the vicinity of the first-order phase transition and compare it with that of the Wolff cluster algorithm. We find a significant improvement as far as the statistical uncertainty is concerned at a similar numerical effort. In order to efficiently train large neural networks we introduce the technique of pre-training. It allows to train some neural networks using smaller system sizes and then employing them as starting configurations for larger system sizes. This is possible due to the recursive construction of our hierarchical approach. Our results serve as a demonstration of the performance of the hierarchical approach for systems exhibiting bimodal distributions. Additionally, we provide estimates of the free energy and entropy in the vicinity of the phase transition with statistical uncertainties of the order of 10−7 for the former and 10−3 for the latter based on a statistics of 106 configurations. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Potts model

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Soft-mode enhanced type-I superconductivity in LiPd2Ge

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Physical Review B 2020年第2期102卷 024507-024507页

作者： Karolina Górnicka Gabriel Kuderowicz Elizabeth M. Carnicom Kamil Kutorasiński Bartlomiej Wiendlocha Robert J. Cava Tomasz Klimczuk Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics and Advanced Materials Centre Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdańsk Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Aleja Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland Department of Chemistry Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

The synthesis, crystal structure, and physical properties (magnetization, resistivity, heat capacity) in combination with theoretical calculations of the electronic structure and phonon properties are reported for intermetallic compounds LiPd2X (X=Si, Ge, and Sn). LeBail refinement of powder x-ray diffraction data confirms that all compounds belong to the Heusler family (space group Fm−3m, No. 225). The lattice parameter increases with atomic size of X, and its value varies from a=5.9059(4)Å for LiPd2Si and a=6.0082(3)Å for LiPd2Ge, to a=6.2644(1)Å for LiPd2Sn. The first compound, LiPd2Si, has apparently not been previously reported. All measured quantities demonstrate that LiPd2Ge exhibits superconductivity below Tc=1.96K and the normal- and superconducting-state data indicate that it is a weak-strength type-I superconductor (C/γTc=1.38) with electron-phonon coupling constant λe−p=(0.53−0.56). LiPd2Si and LiPd2Sn are not superconducting above 1.68 K. The experimental observations are supported by theoretical calculations which show that LiPd2Ge has the highest computed λe−p and Tc of the group. A strong softening of the acoustic phonon mode is calculated, and in the case of X=Ge and Sn, imaginary phonon frequencies were computed. The soft mode is most pronounced in the case of LiPd2Ge, which suggests its correlation with superconductivity.

关键词： Superconductivity Heusler alloy Low-temperature superconductors DC susceptibility measurements Electrical techniques First-principles calculations Specific heat measurements X-ray powder diffraction

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Interferometry in central p+Pb collisions

Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement

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Acta Physica Polonica B, Proceedings Supplement 2019年第2期12卷 181-186页

作者： Bożek, Piotr Bysiak, Sebastian AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Radzikowskiego 152 Kraków31-342 Poland

We present the results of HBT radii calculations performed for the pion emission source created in central p+Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV. Space-time expansion of the dense matter is simulated using hydrodynamic model with the Glauber Monte Carlo initial conditions. We present momentum and rapidity dependence of all interferometry parameters and their comparison to the experimental data reported by the ATLAS Collaboration. Overall, a fairly good agreement between the model and the data is achieved. The parameterization of the correlation function includes a cross term coupling the out and long directions, which is found to be nonzero. It is a first quantitative comparison of the model prediction of the cross term values with the experimental measurements and they appear to be well reproduced. © 2019 Jagellonian University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Physical properties

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Theory of scanning gate microscopy imaging of the supercurrent distribution in a planar Josephson junction

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kaperek, K. Heun, S. Carrega, M. Wójcik, P. Nowak, Michal P. AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland NEST Istituto Nanoscienze CNR Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza San Silvestro 12 Pisa56127 Italy CNR-SPIN Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova16146 Italy AGH University of Science and Technology Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland

We theoretically investigate the mapping of the supercurrent distribution in a planar superconductor-normal-superconductor junction in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field via the scanning gate microscopy technique. We find that the distribution of counter-propagating supercurrents aligned in Josephson vortices can be mapped by the change of the critical current induced by the tip of the scanning probe, if the flux in the junction is set close to maxima of the Fraunhofer pattern. Instead, when the magnetic field drives the junction to a supercurrent minimum in the Fraunhofer pattern, the superconducting phase adapts, and the tip always increases the supercurrent. The perpendicular magnetic field leads to the formation of Josephson vortices, whose extension for highly transparent junctions depends on the current circulation direction. We show that this leads to an asymmetric supercurrent distribution in the junction and that this can be revealed by scanning gate microscopy. We explain our findings on the basis of numerical calculations for both short- and long-junction limits and provide a phenomenological model for the observed phenomena. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Superconducting materials

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