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Energy dependence of proton-proton elastic scattering at large momentum transfer

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ferreira, Erasmo Kohara, Anderson Kendi Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro C.P. 68528 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro21945-970 Brazil AGH University Of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland

The measurements of proton-proton elastic scattering for large momentum transfer at energies in the range ≈ 20 to 60 GeV show a simple behaviour of form dσ/dt ≈ const |t|−8, apparently with no energy dependence. In the present work detailed analysis of the data shows a decrease of the magnitude of the tail with the energy, still with preservation of the power |t|−8. The analysis allows the definition of a band for the energy dependence of the amplitude with central line A(√s) = 0.389 log (100)/ log √s GeV6 . The rate of decrease describes well the data at the distant energy √s = 13 TeV, with reduction of the cross section by a factor 5.71. This result gives prediction for new experiments at high energies, and opens important question for theoretical investigation. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Elastic scattering

Nuclear Track Quantification in Cr-39 Detectors Using Deep Learning

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SSRN

SSRN 2024年

作者： Mohamed, Soheir E. Alahmari, Saeed Khan, Arshad Al-Naggar, Tayseer I. Ashraf, O. Al-Qahtani, Suha Al-Sari, Rahaf Salem Al-Yami, Ghda Sulsiman Al-Amer, Noura Ail Al-Yami, Yosra Ail ALGhabar, Razan Hadi Abdalla, Ayman M. Department of Radiological Sciences Applied Medical Sciences College Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of Arts and Sciences Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Unit of Radiation Protection Najran University Najran1101 Saudi Arabia Najran University Najran11001 Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of Education Ain Shams University Cairo11341 Egypt

This study explores the utilization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in optimizing alpha particles detection using CR-39 nuclear track detectors. This study compares the performance of the Cellpose AI-based software with the traditional manual method employing Image J. Through a comprehensive analysis of diameter, critical angle, and efficiency at different etching times and temperatures, the study investigates the potential of AI in enhancing a-particles detection. The results demonstrate a promising synergy between AI and manual measurements, emphasizing the advantages of speed and standardization offered by AI. The finding highlights the superior performance of the Cellpose method compared to Image J in terms of efficiency and critical angle. At an etching temperature of 85°C and a-particles energy of 2.2 MeV, the Cellpose method outperforms Image J, recording an efficiency of 93.32% compared to Image J's lower efficiency of 82.81%. These results emphasize the advantages of utilizing the Cellpose method for a-particles detection, offering higher efficiency measurements than Image J. However, variations in diameter measurements at lower a-particles energy and shorter etching times indicate the need for continuous refinement and training of the AI model to ensure accuracy under diverse conditions. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Alpha particles

Scalable Method for Horizontal-Dipping Electrodeposition of Platinum Nanoparticles in Application to Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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SSRN

SSRN 2023年

作者： Augustowski, Dariusz Michalik, Maciej Wilgocki-Ślęzak, Jakub Kwaśnicki, Pawel Rysz, Jakub Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Lojasiewicza 11 Cracow30-348 Poland Research & Development Centre for Photovoltaics ML System S.A. Zaczernie 190G Zaczernie36-062 Poland

Up-scaling is still a great opportunity to achieve in the third generation of solar cells. Described in this article novel method combines the electrodeposition with roll-to-roll technique and may be useful in future mass production of dye-sensitized solar cells. The results obtained showed that large areas of conductive substrates can easily be covered with catalytically active platinum nanoparticles with a small amount of aqueous solution of the platinum precursor salt sliding over a substrate. The surface coverage could be controlled by applied current density, which has a direct impact on the catalytic properties of the substrate. The electrodeposition seems to be cheap, eco-friendly, and time-saving if compared with commonly used screen-printing methods. Secondarily, the electrodeposited nanoparticles exhibited even higher electrocatalytic performance in cyclic voltammetry measurements. Dye-sensitized solar cells utilizing cathodes with platinum nanoparticles prepared with different deposition currents showed efficiency in the range of 4.84-5.45%, while the referential cells with screen-printed an average efficiency of 5.14%. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scalability

Electric dipole spin resonance in single and two electron quantum dot defined in two-dimensional electron gas at the SrTiO3/LaAlO3 interface.

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Szafran, B. Zegrodnik, M. Nowak, M.P. Citro, R. Wójcik, P. AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Al. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology Al. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Fisciano132 Italy

We investigate the energy spectrum of a single and two electron quantum dot (QD) embedded in two dimensional electron gas at the interface between SrTiO3 and LaAlO3, in the presence of the external magnetic field. For this purpose the three band model of 3d-electrons defined on the square lattice of Ti ions was utilized. We demonstrate that, for the weak parabolic confinement potential, the low energy spectrum is sufficiently well described by the effective Hamiltonian reduced to the one dxy orbital with the spin-orbit interaction originating from the coupling to the dxz, dyz bands. This is not the case for stronger confinement where contribution of the states related to the dxz/yz orbital is relevant. Based on the time depended calculations we discuss in details the manipulation of the electron spin in QD by external AC voltages, in the context of the electric dipole spin resonance. The allowed and forbidden transitions are discussed in details with respect to the parity selection rule. Our calculations show that for a single electron QD the spin-flip in the ground-state has a character of a Rabi resonance while for two electrons the singlet-triplet transition is forbidden by the parity symmetry. For the two electrons QD, we demonstrate that the spin-flip transition can still be accomplished via a second-order, two-photon process that has a two-state Rabi character for low AC field amplitude. The violation of the parity symmetry on the spin-flip transitions is also analyzed. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Lanthanum compounds

Digital few-mode fiber multiplexer using multiplane light conversion

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Digital few-mode fiber multiplexer using multiplane light co...

IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC)

作者： Dennis Pohle Fabio A. Barbosa Filipe M. Ferreira Stefan Rothe Juergen W Czarske Chair of Measurement and Sensor System Technique Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering TU Dresden Dresden Germany Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Optical Networks Group University College London United Kingdom Institute of Applied Physics School of Science TU Dresden Dresden Germany

We propose an all-optical data-driven technique for space division multiplexing in few-mode fibers. A digital twin was realized by multiplane light conversion and neural networks. It is promising for a digitally progr...

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Machine-Learned Models for Power Magnetic Material Characteristics

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Leszczyński, Pawel Kutorasiński, Kamil Szewczyk, Marcin Pawlowski, Jaroslaw Division of Power Apparatus Protection and Control Faculty of Electrical Engineering Electrical Power Engineering Institute Warsaw University of Technology Koszykowa 75 St. Warszawa00-662 Poland Department of Condensed Matter Physics Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Krakow Reymonta 19 St. Kraków30-059 Poland Institute of Theoretical Physics Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27 St. Wroclaw50-370 Poland

We present a general framework for modeling power magnetic materials characteristics using deep neural networks. Magnetic materials represented by multidimensional characteristics (that mimic measurements) are used to train the neural autoencoder model in an unsupervised manner. The encoder is trying to predict the material parameters of a theoretical model, which is then used in a decoder part. The decoder, using the predicted parameters, reconstructs the input characteristics. The neural model is trained to capture a synthetically generated set of characteristics that can cover a broad range of material behaviors, leading to a model that can generalize on the underlying physics rather than just optimize the model parameters for a single measurement. After setting up the model, we prove its usefulness in the complex problem of modeling magnetic materials in the frequency and current (out-of-linear range) domains simultaneously, for which we use measured characteristics obtained for frequency up to 10 MHz and H-field up to saturation. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

Fortifying IoT Against Quantum Threats: Strategies for Securing Connected Devices in the Quantum Era

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Fortifying IoT Against Quantum Threats: Strategies for Secur...

International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics (IC3I)

作者： Subhadra Rajpoot Puneet Singh Pankaj Singh Preeti Singh Bahadur Aditi Dhama Faculty of Applied Science Amity University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh India Faculty of Communication Engineering Military College of Telecommunication Engineering Mhow Madhya Pradesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Birla Institute of Technology Pilani Rajasthan India Departement of Physics Amity University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh India Amity University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh India

All data sent to and from IOT devices, (as well as any data held), must be encrypted in order to enhance the security of IOT devices. At the moment, elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECCs) are used as fundamental building blocks to secure communication in the Internet of Things. Yet, forthcoming quantum computers can quickly compromise public key systems like ECC. We should take action right away to get the IOT ready for the quantum future due to recent developments in quantum computing. This paper at first will give a brief overview on Crystal - Kyber, SIKE and BIKE algorithm which are among the NIST's third round candidate. Then the comparison of these three on the basis of key size, computational power and memory requirement. Finally a recommendation on the most suitable algorithm for making IoT secure in quantum world.

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Comprehensive Mechanism of Co Electroreduction on Dacs Anchored on N-Doped Graphene

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SSRN

SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Di Kong, Youchao Zhao, Jia Ai, Haoqiang Wu, Rucheng Bai, Haoyun Leong, Chon Chio Lo, Kin Ho Wang, Shuangpeng Ip, Weng Fai Lin, Sen Pan, Hui Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering University of Macau China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou350002 China Department of Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau China Department of Physics and Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau China

Carbon neutralization has drawn increasing attention for realizing the carbon cyclization and reducing the greenhouse effect. Although the C1 products, such as CO, can be achieved with a high Faraday efficiency, the targeted production of C2 fuels as well as the mechanism have not been systematically investigated. In this work, we carry out a first-principles study to screen dual-atom catalysts (DACs) for producing C2 fuels through the electrocatalytic carbon monoxide reduction reaction (e-CORR). We find that e-CORR on DAC-Co can produce methanol and ethylene, while e-CORR on DAC-Cu produces methanol, acetate, and ethylene. Importantly, the C2 products can be obtained more easily than the C1 products because of lower limiting potentials. Furthermore, we show that the explicit solvent can enhance the adsorption and influence the protonation steps, which subsequently affects the protonation and dimerization behavior as well as the performance and selectivity of e-CORR on DACs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the C-C coupling is easy to be formed and stabilized if the Integrated Crystal Orbital Hamilton Population (ICOHP) is low because of the low energy barrier. Our findings provide not only guidance on the design of novel catalysts for e-CORR, but insightful understanding on the mechanism. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon monoxide

A novel method of experimental determination of grain stresses and critical resolved shear stresses for slip and twin systems in a magnesium alloy

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kot, P. Wroński, M. Baczmański, A. Ludwik, A. Wroński, S. Wierzbanowski, K. Scheffzük, Ch. Pilch, J. Farkas, G. NOMATEN Centre of Excellence National Centre of Nuclear Research A. Soltana 7 Otwock-Swierk05-400 Poland AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Applied Geosciences Adenauerring 20b Karlsruhe76131 Germany The Czech Academy of Science Nuclear Physics Institute Hlavní 130 Řež250 68 Czech Republic

A novel original method of determination of stresses and critical resolved shear stresses (CRSSs) using neutron diffraction was proposed. In this method, based on the crystallite group method, the lattice strains were measured in different directions and using different reflections hkl during uniaxial deformation of magnesium alloy AZ31. The advantage of this method is that the stresses for groups of grains having similar orientations can be determined directly from measurement without any models used for data interpretation. The obtained results are unambiguous and do not depend on the models’ assumptions as in previous works. Moreover, it was possible for the first time to determine the uncertainty of the measured CRSS values and local stresses at groups of grains. The used methodology allowed for the determination of stress partitioning between grains having different orientations and for an explanation of the anisotropic mechanical behaviour of the strongly textured alloy. Finally, the CRSS values allowed for the validation of the type of intergranular interaction assumed in the elastic-plastic self-consistent model and for a significant reduction of the number of unknown parameters when the model is adjusted to the experimental data. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Magnesium alloys