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Tailoring of the Perpendicular Magnetization Component in Ferromagnetic Films on a Vicinal Substrate

Physical Review Letters 2008年第21期101卷 217202-217202页

作者： A. Stupakiewicz A. Maziewski K. Matlak N. Spiridis M. Ślęzak T. Ślęzak M. Zaja̧c J. Korecki Laboratory of Magnetism University of Bialystok Lipowa 41 15-424 Bialystok Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH-University of Science and Technology 30-059 Krakow Poland Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences 30-239 Krakow Poland

We have engineered the magnetic properties of 1–8 nm Co films epitaxially grown on an Au-buffered bifacial W(110)/W(540) single crystal. The surface of Au/W(110) was atomically flat, whereas the Au/W(540) followed the morphology of the vicinal W surface, showing a regular array of monoatomic steps. For Co grown on Au/W(540), the existence of the out-of-plane magnetization component extended strongly to a thickness d of about 8 nm, which was accompanied by an anomalous increase of the out-of-plane switching field with increasing d. In addition, the process of up-down magnetization switching could be realized with both a perpendicular and in-plane external magnetic field.

关键词： Ferromagnetic materials

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Magnetism and electronic structures of hexagonal 1:1:1 rare earth-based intermetallic compounds

Magnetism and electronic structures of hexagonal 1:1:1 rare ...

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作者： Gondek, L. Zukrowski, J. BaLanda, M. Kaczorowski, D. SzytuLa, A. Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology 30-059 Cracow Poland H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences 31-342 Cracow Poland W. Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of Sciences Wroclaw 50-950 Poland M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Jagiellonian University 30-059 Cracow Poland

Correlations between magnetic properties and electronic structure of rare earth based intermetallics of the ZrNiAl-type crystal structure have been analysed. The analysis has been supported by results of magnetometric, neutron diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. It has been demonstrated that structure of the valence band and crystal electric field effects are the most important factors affecting the magnetic behaviour of the discussed compounds.

关键词： Electronic structure

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A Bivariate B-spline Finite Element Method for Bending of Rectangular Plates

A Bivariate B-spline Finite Element Method for Bending of Re...

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International Symposium on Information science and Engineering, ISISE

作者： Huan-Wen Liu Dun-Qian Cao Yong-Xiang Mo Faculty of Mathematics & Computer Science Guangxi University for Nationalities Nanning China Department of Computer Science & Applied Physics Guilin University of Electronic and Technology Guilin China

In this paper, by employing bivariate cubic C- 1 B-splines, a bivariate B-spline finite element method is presented to solve bending problems of rectangular plates. In comparison with analytical solutions, it is found that, for various boundary conditions and different loading conditions, the accuracy of the present numerical method is very satisfactory.

关键词： Spline Finite element methods Strips computer science Polynomials Information science Mathematics physics Boundary conditions Testing

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Strongly Enhanced Orbital Moment by Reduced Lattice Symmetry and Varying Composition of Fe1−xCox Alloy Films

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Physical Review Letters 2008年第3期100卷 037205-037205页

作者： F. Yildiz F. Luo C. Tieg R. M. Abrudan X. L. Fu A. Winkelmann M. Przybylski J. Kirschner Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik Weinberg 2 D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Experimentalphysik Arnimallee 14 D-14195 Berlin Germany Solid State Physics Department Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Krakow Poland

We studied tetragonally distorted Fe1−xCox alloy films on Rh(001), which show a strong perpendicular anisotropy in a wide thickness and composition range. Analyzing x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra at the L3,2 edges we found a dependence of the Co magnetic orbital moment on the chemical composition of the Fe1−xCox alloy films, with a maximum at x=0.6. For this composition, we observed an out-of-plane easy axis of magnetization at room temperature for film thickness up to 15 monolayers. Since both the magnetic orbital moment and the anisotropy energy show similar composition dependence, it confirms that both quantities are directly related. Our experiments show that the adjustment of the Fermi level by a proper choice of the alloy composition is decisive for the large magnetic orbital moment and for a large magnetic anisotropy in a tetragonally distorted lattice.

关键词： Crystal lattices

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Lateral resolution and potential sensitivity in Kelvin probe force microscopy: Towards understanding of the sub-nanometer resolution

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Physical Review B 2008年第23期77卷 235427-235427页

作者： F. Krok K. Sajewicz J. Konior M. Goryl P. Piatkowski M. Szymonski Research Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials (NANOSAM) Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Reymonta 4 30-059 Krakow Poland

We report on high-resolution potential imaging of heterogeneous surfaces by means of Kelvin probe force microscopy, working in frequency modulation mode (FM-KPFM), performed in ultrahigh vacuum. To study the limits of potential and lateral resolutions in FM-KPFM, we have investigated clean surface of compound semiconductor InSb(001) and the same surface with some submonolayer coverages of KBr and Au. It was found that long- and short-range bias-dependent interactions, acting between the tip and the surface, could be detected and that both interactions contribute to the measured contact potential difference (CPD) signal. On the one hand, when only the long-range electrostatic interactions between the tip and the surface are active, the CPD map provides the distribution of the local surface potential on the imaged sample with the lateral resolution and the correctness of the measured values depending on the measurement conditions. For this case, the experimental findings were compared with the predictions of theoretical calculations based on a realistic model for the cantilever-sample geometry. On the other hand, when the short-range and bias-dependent interactions are detected, FM-KPFM provides even the sub-nanometer contrast in the CPD signal. In this situation, however, the measured CPD signal is not related to the sample surface potential but reflects the properties of the front tip atom-surface atom interactions.

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Magnetic properties of Ho3-xYxCu4Sn 4 (x = 0, 1, 2)

Magnetic properties of Ho3-xYxCu4Sn 4 (x = 0, 1, 2)

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作者： Gondek, L. Arulray, A. Baran, S. Nenkov, K. Penc, B. Szytula, A. Tomala, K. Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Mickiewicza 30 30-059 Kraków Poland BENSC Hahn-Meitner-Institute Glienicker Street 100 14 109 Berlin-Wannsee Germany M Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Jagiellonian University Reymonta 4 30-059 Kraków Poland Leibnitz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research PO Box 270116 D-01 171 Dresden Germany International Laboratory of High Magnetic Fields and Low Temperatures Gajowicka 95 53-529 Wroclaw Poland

X-ray and neutron diffraction, isothermal magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements were performed on polycrystalline samples of Ho3-xYxCu4Sn4 for x = 0, 1, 2. All samples crystallize with the orthorhombic structure of Gd 3Cu4Ge4 type. Within this crystal structure the rare earth atoms occupy two non-equivalent 2d and 4e positions. The presented x-ray data clearly indicate that introduced yttrium atoms prefer the 4e sublattice. Increase of the yttrium content causes a decrease of the Néel temperature from 7.6 K for x = 0 down to about 1.5 K for x = 2. Neutron diffraction data indicate that only Ho magnetic moments within the 2d sublattice order antiferromagnetically. The Ho moments are parallel to the b-axis. They form a collinear magnetic structure with the propagation vector k = (0,1/2,0) with [++ ] sign sequence. © 2008 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Rare earths

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Calorimetry triggering in ATLAS

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Journal of physics: Conference Series 2009年第1期160卷

作者： Igonkina, O. Achenbach, R. Adragna, P. Aharrouche, M. Alexandre, G. Andrei, V. Anduaga, X. Aracena, I. Backlund, S. Baines, J. Barnett, B.M. Bauss, B. Bee, C. Behera, P. Bell, P. Bendel, M. Benslama, K. Berry, T. Bogaerts, A. Bohm, C. Bold, T. Booth, J.R.A. Bosman, M. Boyd, J. Bracinik, J. Brawn, I.P. Brelier, B. Brooks, W. Brunet, S. Bucci, F. Casadei, D. Casado, P. Cerri, A. Charlton, D.G. Childers, J.T. Collins, N.J. Conde Muino, P. Coura Torres, R. Cranmer, K. Curtis, C.J. Czyczula, Z. Dam, M. Damazio, D. Davis, A.O. De Santo, A. Degenhardt, J. Delsart, P.-A. Demers, S. Demirkoz, B. Di Mattia, A. Diaz, M. Djilkibaev, R. Dobson, E. Dova, M.T. Dufour, M.-A. Eckweiler, S. Ehrenfeld, W. Eifert, T. Eisenhandler, E. Ellis, N. Emeliyanov, D. De Lima, D. Enoque Ferreira Faulkner, P.J.W. Ferland, J. Flacher, H. Fleckner, J.E. Flowerdew, M. Fonseca-Martin, T. Fratina, S. Fhlisch, F. Gadomski, S. Gallacher, M.P. Garitaonandia Elejabarrieta, H. Gee, C.N.P. George, S. Gillman, A.R. Goncalo, R. Grabowska-Bold, I. Groll, M. Gringer, C. Hadley, D.R. Haller, J. Hamilton, A. Hanke, P. Hauser, R. Hellman, S. Hidvgi, A. Hillier, S.J. Idarraga, J. Johansen, M. Johns, K. Kalinowski, A. Khoriauli, G. Kirk, J. Klous, S. Kluge, E.-E. Koeneke, K. Konoplich, R. Konstantinidis, N. Kwee, R. Landon, M. Lecompte, T. Ledroit, F. Lei, X. Lendermann, V. Lilley, J.N. Losada, M. Maettig, S. Mahboubi, K. Mahout, G. Maltrana, D. Marino, C. Masik, J. Meier, K. Middleton, R.P. Mincer, A. Moa, T. Monticelli, F. Moreno, D. Morris, J.D. Mller, F. Navarro, G.A. Negri, A. Nemethy, P. Neusiedl, A. Oltmann, B. Olvito, D. Osuna, C. Padilla, C. Panes, B. Parodi, F. Perera, V.J.O. Perez, E. Perez Reale, V. Petersen, B. Pinzon, G. Potter, C. Prieur, D.P.F. Prokishin, F. Qian, W. Quinonez, F. Rajagopalan, S. Reinsch, A. Rieke, S. Riu, I. Robertson, S. Rodriguez, D. Rogriquez, Y. Rhr, F. Saavedra, A. Sankey, D.P.C. Santamarina, C. Santamarina Rios, C. Scannicchio, D. Schiavi, C. Schmitt, K. Schultz-Coulon, H.-C. Schfer, U. Segura, E. Silverstein, D. Silverstein Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL United States University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Upton NY United States Institut de Fsica d'Altes Energies (IFAE) Universitat Autnoma de Barcelona Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Universidad Antonio Narino Bogot Colombia European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Nevis Laboratory Columbia University Irvington NY United States Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) Hamburg and Zeuthen Germany Section de Physique Universit de Genve Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento di Fisica Universit di Genova I.N.F.N. Genova Italy Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie de Grenoble (LPSC) IN2P3-CNRS-Universit Joseph Fourier Grenoble France University of Hamburg Germany Kirchhoff Institut Fr Physik Universitt Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany Department of Physics Royal Holloway and Bedford New College Egham United Kingdom Institut Fr Physik Humboldt-Universitt Berlin Germany Indiana University Bloomington IN United States Iowa State University Ames IA United States Laboratorio de Instrumentaao e Fisica Experimental Lisboa Portugal Universidad Nacional de la Plata La Plata Argentina University of Liverpool Liverpool United Kingdom Michigan State University Department of Physics and Astronomy East Lansing MI United States Institut Fr Physik Universitt Mainz Mainz Germany School of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille IN2P3-CNRS Marseille France Department of Physics McGill University Montreal Canada University of Montreal Montreal Canada Moscow State University Moscow Russian Federation Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics

The ATLAS experiment is preparing for data taking at 14 TeV collision energy. A rich discovery physics program is being prepared in addition to the detailed study of Standard Model processes which will be produced in abundance. The ATLAS multi-level trigger system is designed to accept one event in 2 10⁵ to enable the selection of rare and unusual physics events. The ATLAS calorimeter system is a precise instrument, which includes liquid Argon electro-magnetic and hadronic components as well as a scintillator-tile hadronic calorimeter. All these components are used in the various levels of the trigger system. A wide physics coverage is ensured by inclusively selecting events with candidate electrons, photons, taus, jets or those with large missing transverse energy. The commissioning of the trigger system is being performed with cosmic ray events and by replaying simulated Monte Carlo events through the trigger and data acquisition system. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Design of the MsAa‐4 Mössbauer Spectrometer

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2008年第1期1070卷 162-169页

作者： A. Błachowski K. Ruebenbauer J. Żukrowski R. Górnicki aMössbauer Spectroscopy Division Institute of Physics Pedagogical University PL‐30‐084 Kraków ul. Podchorążych 2 Poland bSolid State Physics Department Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology PL‐30‐059 Kraków Al. Mickiewicza 21 Poland cRENON PL‐30‐732 Kraków ul. Gliniana 15/15 Poland

An entirely new Mössbauer spectrometer MsAa‐4 is currently being under design and construction. New features as compared to the basic features of the previous generation MsAa‐3 spectrometer could be summarized as follows. Completely digital processing of the γ‐ray detector signal beyond the Gaussian shape filter/amplifier is to be implemented. The spectrometer is going to be able to accommodate external multiple detector heads. Up to 128 γ‐ray spectra in 16384 channels of 32‐bit each and up to 512 Mössbauer spectra in 4096 channels of 32‐bit each could be collected simultaneously, provided the proper external multiple detector head is used. The count‐rate per single detector is limited to about 105 counts per second in total. Improved precision of the reference function from 12‐bit to 16‐bit is to be provided. The reference function is stored in 8192 channels per a complete cycle. Addition of the random noise to the reference corner prism of the Michelson‐Morley calibration interferometer is to be introduced to avoid spurious fringes due to the phase lock‐up. An integrated universal temperature controller being able to use a variety of the temperature sensors is to be interconnected properly with the spectrometer. The spectrometer is now a stand‐alone network device as it is equipped with the Ethernet connection to the outside world. Fast and high precision digital oscilloscope is to be incorporated to the spectrometer as the intrinsic unit. This oscilloscope could monitor signals at various crucial points of the internal spectrometer electronics. Modular design and use of the strict standards allows easy reconfiguration for other applications than Mössbauer spectroscopy.

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Correlations in connected random graphs

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Physical Review E 2008年第3期77卷 036124-036124页

作者： Piotr Bialas Andrzej K. Oleś Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Jagellonian University Reymonta 4 30-059 Krakow Poland Mark Kac Complex Systems Research Centre Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagellonian University Reymonta 4 30-059 Krakow Poland

We study the properties of the giant connected component in random graphs with arbitrary degree distribution. We concentrate on the degree-degree correlations. We show that the adjoining nodes in the giant connected component are correlated and derive analytic formulas for the joint nearest-neighbor degree probability distribution. Using those results we describe correlations in maximal entropy connected random graphs. We show that connected graphs are disassortative and that correlations are strongly related to the presence of one-degree nodes (leaves). We propose an efficient algorithm for generating connected random graphs. We illustrate our results with several examples.

关键词： BRANCHED POLYMERS COMPLEX NETWORKS DEGREE SEQUENCE SIZE

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Comment on ‘Five-Dimensional Cosmological Model with Variable G and A＇

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Chinese physics Letters 2008年第1期25卷 351-351页

作者： Arbab Ibrahim Arbab Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Khartoum Khartoum 11115 Sudan Department of Physics and Applied Mathematics Faculty of Applied Sciences and Computer Omdurman Ahlia University Omdurman Sudan

This comment corrects the small errors in the Letter of Baysal and Yilmaz [Chin. Phys. Lett. 24 （2007） 2185], where the case of n = 1 was ignored. Meanwhile, the discussion in this comment on the case of n = -3 is novel, which shows a potential reason why today the effect of the extra dimension has not been observed.

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