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A Comparative Study of Zno, Azo, Tio2, Sb2o3, and Sno2 Nanomaterials Coated Spr Based Fiber Optic Refractive Index Sensors for Chemical Sensing Application

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Prasanth, A. Harini, V.K. Manivannan, P. Velumani, M. Narasimman, S. Meher, Samir Ranjan Alex, Zachariah C. Department of Sensor and Biomedical Technology School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Vellore India Department of Optics FZU Institute of Physics The Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic Department of CSE-Cyber Security & IOT Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRIHER Porur Chennai India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO65409 United States

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based fiber optic sensors tailored for precise detection of refractive index (RI) variations in acetone and ethanol solutions. The sensor probe design incorporates a nanostructure comprising a metal layer (Ag, Al, or Cu) and a metal oxide sensing layer (ZnO, AZO, TiO2, Sb2O3, SnO2) over the fiber core. Employing the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM), optimal layer thicknesses were determined, with a combination of 50 nm Ag and 20 nm metal oxide demonstrating maximum sensitivities. The sensor probes were fabricated using the Radio Frequency (RF) sputtering technique, and their uniformity, elemental composition, and optical properties were assessed through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and ellipsometer analyses. Experimental results revealed maximum responses of 12%, 7.1%, 10.8%, 6.08%, and 11.34% for acetone and 11.9%, 9.2%, 12%, 7.89%, and 12.48% for ethanol. Sensitivities ranged from 2.7 nm/v% to 2.84 nm/v% for acetone and 1.90 nm/v% to 3.02 nm/v% for ethanol, with the SnO2-coated probe exhibiting the highest sensitivity. Further sensitivity enhancement was achieved by introducing a bimetal layer (50 nm Ag/5 nm Sb/20 nm SnO2), resulting in a 15% increase for ethanol compared to the Ag/SnO2-based SPR probe. The entire experimental validation process involved RF sputtering for probe fabrication, followed by in-depth analyses using FESEM and ellipsometer techniques. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance

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Role of AI for Fraud Detection in Banks: A Bibliometric Analysis

Role of AI for Fraud Detection in Banks: A Bibliometric Anal...

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Advanced Computing & Communication Technologies (ICACCTech), International Conference on

作者： Rajesh Tiwari Shivani Rautela Saurabh Sharma Bhasker Pratap Choudhary Rashmi Tripathi Praveen Singh Department of Management Studies Graphic Era (Deemed to be University) Dehradun Bharat Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) Swami Vivekanand Institute of Engineering & Technology Banur Bharat Department of Applied Sciences Chandigarh Engineering College Mohali Bharat Faculty of Business and Commerce ISBAT University Kampala Uganda

The rise of digital banking and online transactions has led to an increase in fraudulent activities within the banking sector. Traditional fraud detection methods are no longer sufficient to detect fraudsters. This paper explores bibliometric analysis on Scopus database. 66 documents were obtained from Scopus Database. India was the prominent country in citation. 64% documents have been published after 2019. There is increase in research interest after the onset of Covid pandemic. It was found that AI-based fraud detection systems outperform traditional methods for fraud detection. The paper provides inputs for further studies to develop framework for AI fraud detection in banks.

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In situassessment of terrestrial gamma radiation dose and associated radiological hazards in Katsina State, Nigeria

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Isotopenpraxis Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies 2023年第1期59卷 112-125页

作者： Nuraddeen Nasiru Garba Mukhtar Abdulkadir Rabiu Nasiru Muneer Aziz Saleh Suleiman Bello Mayeen Uddin Khandaker Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah Usman Musa Kankara a Department of Physics Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria a Department of Physics Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeriab Department of Physics Isa Kaita College of Education Katsina State Nigeria c Nuclear Engineering Programme School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johore Bahru Malaysiad National Atomic Energy Commission (NATEC) Sana’a Yemen e Department of Physics Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina Nigeria f Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Selangor Malaysia g Material Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA) University Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysiah Department of Physics Faculty of Science University Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia

ABSTRACTABSTRACTTerrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) rates were measuredin situfrom different locations in Katsina State, Nigeria, using a portable radiation survey metre based on geological formations and soil types. The measured TGRD rates ranged from 45 to 271 nGyh–1with an average value of 116 ± 1 nGyh–1. Geological formation (silicified sheared rock) and soil type (lithosols and ferruginous crusts and ferruginous tropical soils) appeared to have the highest mean TGRD values of 163 and 134 nGyh–1with sandstone geological formation and alluvial and hydromorphic soils having the lowest TGRD with values of 80 and 61 nGyh–1, respectively. One way ANOVA results shows that the tested null hypothesis was rejected. Thus, indicating that there exists a strong relationship between the various geological formations, soil types with the measured TGRD values based on the alternate hypothesis. Human health hazard indices like annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), lifetime outdoor annual equivalent dose, and relative excess lifetime outdoor cancer risk associated with the mean TGRD of the study area were also calculated and found to be 0.711, 9.955 mSv, and 5.79 × 10–4, respectively. These values were higher than the world average values but favourable compared with the safety limits recommended by ICRP.

关键词： Cancer risk gamma radiation geological formation human health natural radioactivity Nigeria radionuclides soil types

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Dynamical analysis of a complex competitive two-strain epidemic network model with vaccination

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Partial Differential Equations in applied Mathematics 2025年 13卷

作者： Abdelkhalek, A. Kader, A.H. Abdel El-Kalla, I.L. Elsaid, A. Elsonbaty, Amr Nisar, K.S. Mathematics and Engineering Physics Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura PO 35516 Egypt Department of Mathematics Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST) New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria Egypt Department of Mathematics College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia

Developing accurate models to replicate epidemic transmission poses a significant challenge for researchers both now and in the foreseeable future. Therefore, this work proposes a new complex competitive two-strain epidemic network model that incorporates vaccination. We derive the mathematical model, compute the disease-free equilibrium point, and determine its stability conditions. The basic reproduction number is computed to determine the epidemic threshold. The stability regions in parameter space and the effects of vaccination parameters are obtained. The conditions for transcritical bifurcation are established, and the parameter analysis for this type of bifurcation is conducted. Numerical simulations of various scenarios with varying parameter values validate the theoretical analysis. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Basic reproduction number Complex network Pairwise epidemic model Transcritical bifurcation Two-strain

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E-government and E-commerce issues in Malaysia 2

E-government and E-commerce issues in Malaysia

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2nd International Conference on Smart Computing and Electronic Enterprise, ICSCEE 2021

作者： Baker El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Kanaan, Anas Ghassan Pathmanathan, P. Ravindran Alawi, Nahg Abdulmajid Hatamleh, Amer Jusoh, Julaily Aida Aledinat, Lowai Saleh Aseh, Khairi Bamansoor, Samer UniSZA Faculty of Informatics and Computing Malaysia Petra University Faculty of Managment and Financial Sciences Business and E-Commerce Depaetment Amman Jordan International Institute of Applied Science Swiss School of Management Netherlands Geomatika University College Malaysia University of Aden Yemen Irbid National University Faculty of Financial and Business Science Head of Management Information System Department Irbid Jordan UniSZA Faculty of Informatics and Computing Malaysia Faculty of Computer and Information Technology MEDIU Malaysia University of Aden Aden Yemen

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432221

In Malaysia, an e-commerce company is still considered a new middleman. As well as the development of information and communication technology strongly affects business companies at the present time in terms of management, business strategies, production, sales and marketing, and other aspects that underpin business profitability in general. E-commerce, known as e-commerce, refers to a general term for a commercial activity using modern technologies, or a commercial transaction that includes the exchange of data via electronic frameworks, especially the Internet, as well as many modern systems used in personal computers, smart phones, etc. It is not just limited to doing business between companies but also related to online services between governments and individuals. Various investigations related to e-commerce have identified obstacles related to information technology (IT) organization, internet use, financial situation, government and administrative activities as important determinants of doing business online. Information and Communication technology (ICT) has revolutionized businesses around the world. In this paper, e-commerce practices in Malaysia are analyzed by their characteristics, drawbacks, openings and risks. This paper provides a general review of the current issues considered by e-commerce organizations today. It also suggests the challenges and problems facing e-commerce companies at the present time and how to solve them using e-commerce concepts. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Smartphones

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Nanoporosity imaging by positronium lifetime tomography

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dulski, K. Beyene, E. Chug, N. Curceanu, C. Czerwinski, E. Das, M. Gorgol, M. Jasinska, B. Kacprzak, K. Kaplon, L. Korcyl, G. Kozik, T. Kubat, K. Kumar, D. Lisowski, E. Lisowski, F. Medrala-Sowa, J. Niedzwiecki, S. Pandey, P. Parzych, S. del Rio, E. Perez Rädler, M. Sharma, S. Skurzok, M. Tayefi, K. Tanty, P. Stepien, E.L. Moskal, P. Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University S. Lojasiewicza 11 Krakow30-348 Poland Centre for Theranostics Jagiellonian University Kopernika 40 Krakow31-501 Poland INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Via E. Fermi 40 Frascati00044 Italy Institute of Physics Maria Curie-Sklodowska University Radziszewskiego 10 Lublin20-031 Poland Cracow University of Technology Warszawska 24 Kraków31-864 Poland

Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS) is a well-established non-destructive technique used for nanostructural characterization of porous materials. It is based on the annihilation of a positron and an electron. Mean positron lifetime in the material depends on the free voids size and molecular environment, allowing the study of porosity and structural transitions in the nanometer scale. We have developed a novel method enabling spatially resolved PALS, thus providing tomography of nanostructural characterization of an extended object. Correlating space (position) and structural (lifetime) information brings new insight in materials studies, especially in the characterization of the purity and pore distribution. For the first time, a porosity image using stationary positron sources for the simultaneous measurement of the porous polymers XAD4, silica aerogel powder IC3100, and polyvinyl toluene scintillator PVT by the J-PET tomograph is demonstrated. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Positron annihilation

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A Novel Electrospun Carbon Fiber Nanomats Modified with Co/Ni Phase for Highly-Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sokolowski, Krystian Lachowicz, Dorota Zambrzycki, Marcel Lapinska, Anna Sikora, Marcin Wielowski, Ryszard Jeleń, Piotr Bernasik, Andrzej Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology AGH University of Krakow al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics AGH University of Krakow al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Faculty of Physics Warsaw University of Technology Ul. Koszykowa 75 Warsaw00-662 Poland National Synchrotron Radiation Centre Solaris Jagiellonian University Ul. Czerwone Maki 98 Krakow30-392 Poland Faculty of Physics and Applied Science AGH University of Krakow al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland

This study aimed to produce a composite mat made of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and CoNi-based nanofillers with the highest electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE) covering the 2-13.5 GHz range with controllable electrical and magnetic properties. The CoNi-phase fiber nanocomposite was formed by electrospinning and heat treatment of polyacrylonitrile fibers containing an organometallic precursor in the form of metallic acetylacetonates (Me(Acac)) up to 4.5 wt%. The best EMI properties of the mat were found through a comprehensive study of the correlation between metal precursor concentration and CoNi dispersion quality/composition, CNF structure, EMI SE, magnetization, and conductivity. It was found that even a small concentration of Me-based particles significantly improved the EMI SE from 25.3 dB to 56.7 dB in the 5 GHz band at a sample thickness of 50 µm. The highest EMI SE, conductivity and magnetization values were obtained for samples with 3 wt% Acac. At higher concentrations of Me(Acac), the saturation effect of EMI was inhibited due to the degradation of the integrity of the individual CNFs in the sample, the greater susceptibility of CoNi to oxidation and the loss of nanoparticles from the material. The shielding mechanism of the CNF/CoNi composites was mainly through absorption. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon nanofibers

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Photoinduced charge-carrier dynamics in a semiconductor-based ion trap investigated via motion-sensitive qubit transitions

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Physical Review A 2024年第4期109卷 043106-043106页

作者： Woojun Lee Daun Chung Honggi Jeon Beomgeun Cho KwangYeul Choi SeungWoo Yoo Changhyun Jung Junho Jeong Changsoon Kim Dong-Il “Dan” Cho Taehyun Kim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Automation and Systems Research Institute Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Institute of Computer Technology Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Department of Intelligence and Information Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea Institute of Applied Physics Seoul National University Seoul 08826 South Korea

Ion trap systems built upon microfabricated chips have emerged as a promising platform for quantum computing to achieve reproducible and scalable structures. However, photoinduced charging of materials in such chips can generate undesired stray electric fields that disrupt the quantum state of the ion, limiting high-fidelity quantum control essential for practical quantum computing. While crude understanding of the phenomena has been gained heuristically over the past years, explanations for the microscopic mechanism of photogenerated charge carrier dynamics remains largely elusive. Here we present a photoinduced charging model for semiconductors, whose verification is enabled by a systematic interaction between trapped ions and photoinduced stray fields from exposed silicon surfaces in our chip. We use motion-sensitive qubit transitions to directly characterize the stray field and analyze its effect on the quantum dynamics of the trapped ion. In contrast to incoherent errors arising from the thermal motion of the ion, coherent errors are induced by the stray field, whose effect is significantly imprinted during the quantum control of the ion. These errors are investigated in depth, and methods to mitigate them are discussed. Finally, we extend the implications of our study to other photoinduced charging mechanisms prevalent in ion traps and discuss considerations in fabrication to reduce semiconductor charging.

关键词： Atomic & molecular processes in external fields Defects Photovoltaic effect Surface states Semiconductors Trapped ions Coherent control Finite-element method

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Enterprise problems and proposed solutions using the concept of E-commerce 2

Enterprise problems and proposed solutions using the concept...

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2nd International Conference on Smart Computing and Electronic Enterprise, ICSCEE 2021

作者： Mohamad, Mohaizi Bin Kanaan, Anas Ghassan Aseh, Khairi Alawi, Nahg Abdulmajid Amayreh, Khalid Thaher Moaiad, Yazeed Al Al-Hodiany, Zakarya Mohsen Pathmanathan, P. Ravindran El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Baker North Borneo University College Malaysia Petra University Faculty of Management and Financial Sciences Business and E-commerce Department Amman Jordan International Institute of Applied Science Swiss School of Management Netherlands Malaysia and University of Aden Geomatika University College Yemen Irbid National University Faculty of Financial and Business Science Administration Department Irbid Jordan MEDIU Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Malaysia MEDIU Faculty of Finance and Admin. Sciences Malaysia UniSZA Faculty of Informatics and Computing Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665432221

The noise of e-commerce businesses has seen the extension of number of the online businesses global. Buyers now are opted with online business commerce which is greatly benefit compared to traditional businesses. It is undeniable e-commerce enterprises contribute more profits, comparing to "bricks-and-mortal"traditional enterprises, but not to be avoided the problems and challenges faced by the e- commerce marketplace. This study emphasizes the problems and challenges of e-commerce and a set of recommended solutions to those problems and challenges. Those problems are trust, readiness and security. For each of the problems, proposed solutions are presented. Companies have conducted business electronically by applying a range of electronic commerce solutions. In the current situation, a corporation enters the electronic market by building trading partner agreements with sellers or wholesalers of their choice. These deals may include any items that cannot be agree electronically, like terms of transfer, payment devices, or implementation rules. After discovering the right market relationships, a company must choose the elements of their electronic commerce system. In this paper have been formulate current ecommerce problems, challenges and their effective solutions. In future, e-commerce marketplace should concentrate more on securing payment, e-banking and e-government. With that, problems and challenges in e-commerce can be reduce. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic commerce

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Artificial intelligence for geoscience:Progress,challenges,and perspectives

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The Innovation 2024年第5期5卷 136-160,135页

作者： Tianjie Zhao Sheng Wang Chaojun Ouyang Min Chen Chenying Liu Jin Zhang Long Yu Fei Wang Yong Xie Jun Li Fang Wang Sabine Grunwald Bryan MWong Fan Zhang Zhen Qian Yongjun Xu Chengqing Yu Wei Han Tao Sun Zezhi Shao Tangwen Qian Zhao Chen Jiangyuan Zeng Huai Zhang Husi Letu Bing Zhang Li Wang Lei Luo Chong Shi Hongjun Su Hongsheng Zhang Shuai Yin Ni Huang Wei Zhao Nan Li Chaolei Zheng Yang Zhou Changping Huang Defeng Feng Qingsong Xu Yan Wu Danfeng Hong Zhenyu Wang Yinyi Lin Tangtang Zhang Prashant Kumar Antonio Plaza Jocelyn Chanussot Jiabao Zhang Jiancheng Shi Lizhe Wang Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Engineering Resilience Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment(Ministry of Education of PRC) Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Data Science in Earth Observation Technical University of Munich80333 MunichGermany The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Yangtze Institute for Conservation and DevelopmentHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Soil Water and Ecosystem Sciences DepartmentUniversity of FloridaPO Box 110290GainesvilleFLUSA Materials Science Engineering Program Cooperating Faculty Member in the Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics Astronomy University of CaliforniaCaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China College of Geography and Remote Sensing Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Department of Geography The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077SARChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Nanjing 210044China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Collaborative Inno

This paper explores the evolution of geoscientific inquiry,tracing the progression from traditional physics-based models to modern data-driven approaches facilitated by significant advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)and data collection *** models,which are grounded in physical and numerical frameworks,provide robust explanations by explicitly reconstructing underlying physical ***,their limitations in comprehensively capturing Earth’s complexities and uncertainties pose challenges in optimization and real-world *** contrast,contemporary data-driven models,particularly those utilizing machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL),leverage extensive geoscience data to glean insights without requiring exhaustive theoretical *** techniques have shown promise in addressing Earth science-related ***,challenges such as data scarcity,computational demands,data privacy concerns,and the“black-box”nature of AI models hinder their seamless integration into *** integration of physics-based and data-driven methodologies into hybrid models presents an alternative *** models,which incorporate domain knowledge to guide AI methodologies,demonstrate enhanced efficiency and performance with reduced training data *** review provides a comprehensive overview of geoscientific research paradigms,emphasizing untapped opportunities at the intersection of advanced AI techniques and *** examines major methodologies,showcases advances in large-scale models,and discusses the challenges and prospects that will shape the future landscape of AI in *** paper outlines a dynamic field ripe with possibilities,poised to unlock new understandings of Earth’s complexities and further advance geoscience exploration.

关键词： Earth utilizing landscape

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