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Temperature Effect of Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) to Fabrication and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanorods Thin Films Based Gas Sensing: Ethanol

Temperature Effect of Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) to Fabr...

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International Symposium on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Life sciences 2017, ISNNLS 2017

作者： Ramadhan, Adimas Wulan Septiani, Ni Luh Aji Eko Prabowo, Wahyu Melati, Asih Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia Advanced Functional Materials Laboratory Engineering Physics Department Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40116 Indonesia Research Center for Quantum Engineering Design Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Informatics Engineering Department Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Dian Nuswantoro Semarang50131 Indonesia

Fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods thin films based gas sensing ethanol have been done. Ethanol belongs to volatile organic compound (VOC) that are dangerous if inhaled by humans in high concentrations, so that its detection is necessary. Temperature as kinetic controller of chemical bath deposition (CBD) process take effect to ZnO fabrication and characterization. ZnO nanorods thin films was synthesized onto glass substrate by dip-coating technique. ZnO nanorods was grown using Zn(NO3)2.4H2O and HMTA with ratio 1:1 under CBD condition at temperature 75°C, 83°C, and 87°C. Result of SEM showing ZnO CBD 83°C has nanorods shape with diameter size is 95.56 nm, furthermore at 75°C the formation of the nanorods was not completed yet while at nanorods became deconstructed. XRD result showed all of ZnO sample have hexagonal wurzite which are match well with ICDS-094004 card. Ethanol gas sensing tested at 100°C, 150°C, 200°C showed high sensitivity of the sensor up to 77.31% for ZnO CBD 75°C at 100°C. ZnO CDB 83°C sample at test 200°C have highest response on 2.22 min (tres) and 0.45 min (trec). Time respond and recovery will increase along with increasing of test temperature. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Non-invasive brain stimulation-based sleep stage classification using transcranial infrared based electrocardiogram

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Neuroscience Informatics 2025年第2期5卷 100197-100197页

作者： Ramesh, Janjhyam Venkata Naga Quraishi, Aadam Aoudni, Yassine Mudhafar, Mustafa Nimma, Divya Bansal, Monika Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Guntur Andhra Pradesh 522302 India M.D. Research Intervention Treatment Institute Houston TX United States Computer & Embedded Systems Laboratory National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS) University of Sfax BP 1173 Sfax 3038 Tunisia Department of Medical Physics Faculty of Medical Applied Sciences University of Kerbala Karbala 56001 Iraq Department of Anesthesia Techniques and Intensive Care Al-Taff university college Kerbala 56001 Iraq Data Analyst in UMMC United States Department of Computer Science SSD Women's Institute of Technology Bathinda India

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial infrared (tNIR) stimulation, offer promising advancements in sleep monitoring and regulation. To enhance sleep stage classification without relying on traditional polysomnography (PSG) systems, we propose a novel approach integrating single-channel electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, heart rate variability (HRV) features, and tNIR stimulation. The maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) is applied for multi-resolution analysis of ECG signals, followed by peak information extraction. Based on the first-order deviation of peak positions, multi-dimensional HRV features are extracted. To identify HRV features strongly associated with different sleep stages, we introduce a feature selection method combining the ReliefF algorithm and Gini index. The selected features are then processed using the INFO-ABC Logit Boost method to establish correlations between HRV dynamics and sleep stages. Experimental results on publicly available datasets demonstrate that the proposed model achieves an overall accuracy of 83.67%, a precision of 82.59%, a Kappa coefficient of 77.94%, and an F1-score of 82.97%. Compared with conventional sleep staging methods, our approach enhances sleep quality assessment and facilitates real-time, non-invasive monitoring in home and mobile healthcare settings, leveraging the potential of tNIR-based NIBS for sleep modulation. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： ECG Healthcare HRV Non-invasive brain stimulation tNIR

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Non-Hermitian topological quantum states in a reservoir-engineered transmon chain

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Physical Review B 2023年第11期107卷 115146-115146页

作者： Wojciech Brzezicki Matti Silveri Marcin Płodzień Francesco Massel Timo Hyart Institute of Theoretical Physics Jagiellonian University ulica S. Łojasiewicza 11 PL-30348 Kraków Poland International Research Centre MagTop Institute of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Aleja Lotników 32/46 PL-02668 Warsaw Poland Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit University of Oulu FI-90014 Oulu Finland ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08860 Castelldefels Barcelona Spain Department of Science and Industry Systems University of South-Eastern Norway P.O. Box 235 Kongsberg Norway Computational Physics Laboratory Physics Unit Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Tampere University FI-33014 Tampere Finland Department of Applied Physics Aalto University 00076 Aalto Espoo Finland

Dissipation in open systems enriches the possible symmetries of the Hamiltonians beyond the Hermitian framework, allowing the possibility of novel non-Hermitian topological phases which exhibit long-living end states that are protected against disorder. So far, non-Hermitian topology has been explored in settings where probing genuine quantum effects has been challenging. We theoretically show that a non-Hermitian topological quantum phase can be realized in a reservoir-engineered transmon chain. The spatial modulation of dissipation is obtained by coupling each transmon to a quantum circuit refrigerator, allowing in situ tuning of dissipation strength in a wide range. By solving the many-body Lindblad master equation using a combination of the density matrix renormalization group and Prosen-Seligman third quantization approaches, we show that the topological end modes and the associated phase transition are visible in simple reflection measurements with experimentally realistic parameters. Finally, we demonstrate that genuine quantum effects are observable in this system via robust and slowly decaying long-range quantum entanglement of the topological end modes, which can be generated passively starting from a locally excited transmon.

关键词： Entanglement measures Entanglement production Topological phases of matter Josephson junctions Non-Hermitean systems Topology

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On the possible method of identification of two probably cognate Extensive Air Showers 37

On the possible method of identification of two probably cog...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Verbetsky, Yu. Svanidze, M. Beznosko, D. Homola, P. Sushchov, Oleksandr Homola, Piotr Alvarez Castillo, David E. Beznosko, Dmitriy Budnev, Nikolai Góra, Dariusz Gupta, Alok C. Hnatyk, Bohdan Kasztelan, Marcin Kovacs, Peter Lozowski, Bartosz Medvedev, Mikhail V. Miszczyk, Justyna Mozgova, Alona Nazari, Vahab Niedzwiecki, Michal Pawlik, Maciej Rosas, Matías Rzecki, Krzysztof Smelcerz, Katarzyna Smolek, Karel Stasielak, Jaroslaw Stuglik, Slawomir Svanidze, Manana Tursunov, Arman Verbetsky, Yuri Wibig, Tadeusz Zamora-Saa, Jilberto E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics Tbilisi State University 6 Tamarashvili st. Tbilisi0177 Georgia Clayton State University 2000 Clayton State Blvd MorrowGA30260 United States Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences 152 Radzikowskiego st. Kraków Poland Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Radzikowskiego 152 Kraków31-342 Poland Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980 Russia Clayton State University MorrowGA United States Irkutsk State University Russia Manora Peak Nainital263001 India Astronomical Observatory of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv04053 Ukraine National Centre for Nuclear Research Andrzeja Soltana 7-Swierk Otwock05-400 Poland Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics Wigner Research Centre for Physics Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33 Budapest1121 Hungary Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Silesia in Katowice Bankowa 9 Katowice40-007 Poland Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Kansas LawrenceKS66045 United States Laboratory for Nuclear Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunications Cracow University of Technology Warszawska 24 Kraków31-155 Poland ACC Cyfronet AGH-UST Kraków30-950 Poland AGH University of Science and Technology Mickiewicz Ave. Kraków30-059 Poland Liceo 6 Francisco Bauzá Montevideo Uruguay Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Czech Technical University in Prague Czech Republic E. Andronikashvili Institute of Physics under Tbilisi State University Georgia Research Centre for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Institute of Physics Silesian University in Opava Bezrucovo nám. 13 OpavaCZ-74601 Czech Republic University of Lódz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Pomorska 149/153 Lódz90-236 Poland Universidad Andres Bello Departamento de Ciencias Fisicas Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Avenida Rep

The persistent attempts are undertaken to show existence and investigate the special pairs of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) that can be suspected in common origin in the near space, i.e. to observe some consequence of existence of Cosmic Ray Ensemble (CRE). The remote cosmic ray stations observing EAS events are useful for this investigation. Such stations are operating within the GELATICA net (GEorgian Large-area Angle and TIme Coincidence Array) and are planed within the CREDO Collaboration (Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory) as the CREDO-Maze project. The possible criteria are developed in the paper for detecting of two specific showers which ancestors have probable mutual proximity in their past. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Cosmic rays

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Low Cost Sol Gel Derived Silica-Titania Waveguide Films for Sensing Applications - Characterization

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zięba, Magdalena Tyszkiewicz, Cuma Wojtasik, Katarzyna Pavlov, Krystian Chaber, Pawel Gondek, Ewa Niziol, Jacek Rogoziński, Roman Kielan, Pawel Karasiński, Pawel Silesian University of Technology Department of Optoelectronics ul. B. Krzywoustego 2 Gliwice44-100 Poland Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT Warsaw University of Technology Poleczki 19 Warsaw02-822 Poland Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of Sciences ul. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34 Zabrze41-819 Poland Cracow University of Technology Department of Physics Podchorążych 1 Kraków30-084 Poland AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science al. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland Silesian University of Technology Department of Mechatronics ul. Akademicka 10 A Gliwice44-100 Poland

The work involves low-loss waveguide layers for applications in planar evanescent wave sensors. Using the sol-gel method and dip-coating technique, crack-free SiOx:TiOy composite layers with the refractive indices of ∼1.65 in visible spectra range (632.8 nm) were produced. Layers with a thickness of approx. 220-360nm were produced by a single coating of substrates. And by multiple coatings of substrates, SiOx:TiOy composite layers with a thickness of up to 1000 nm were produced. As precursors of silica and titania, tetraethyl orthosilicate and titania (IV) ethoxide were applied, respectively. The produced layers demonstrated good waveguide properties in the Vis spectral range. Using the spectroscopic ellipsometry method, the dispersion characteristics of the refractive index of the developed layers were determined. Spectrophotometric tests validated their optical homogeneity. Using the Tauc method, the widths of optical band gaps were determined, and their high values (Eg>3.7) attest to amorphous nature of the layer material. The FT-IR studies attested to the presence of Si-O-Ti bonds, which are an attribute of amorphous SiOx:TiOy composites. The tests of surface morphology of the SiOx:TiOy layers, using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and optical profilometry, confirmed their high smoothness. From the above tests, the root mean square roughness ( © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dip coating

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Signal propagation parameters estimation through designed multi layer fibre with higher dominant modes using OptiFibre simulation

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Journal of Optical Communications 2024年 45卷 s453-s463页

作者： Zaki Rashed, Ahmed Nabih Ahammad, S.K. Hasane Daher, Malek G. Sorathiya, Vishal Siddique, Abrar Asaduzzaman, Sayed Rehana, Hasin Dutta, Nitul Patel, Shobhit K. Nyangaresi, Vincent Omollo Jibon, Rayhan Habib Ibrahim, Anas Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32951 Egypt Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram522302 India Physics Department Islamic University of Gaza P.O. Box 108 Gaza Palestine Department of Information and Communication Technology Marwadi University Rajkot India Department of Smart Robot Convergence and Application Engineering Pukyong National University Busan48513 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rangamati Science and Technology University Rangamati Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh Computer Science and Engineering Department SRM University Andhra Pradesh Guntur India Electronics and Communication Engineering Department Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot India Tom Mboya University College P.O. Box 199-40300 Homabay Kenya Electronics and Communication Engineering Discipline Khulna University Khulna9208 Bangladesh

The aim and scope of the paper is to simulate the signal propagation parameters estimation through designed multi-layer fibre with higher dominant modes by using OptiFibre simulation software. The multi-layer fibre profile has a length of 1000 m is designed and clarified with six layers. RI difference profile variations are clarified with radial distance variations. Modal/group index, group delay, dispersion, mode field diameter and total fibre losses are demonstrated with the fibre wavelength variations. All the dominant mode field distribution for multi-layer fibre are simulated and demonstrated. The other modes for designed multi-layer fibre with the theoretical fibre cutoff values for the different modes based the designed multi-layer fibre are analyzed and clarified clearly in details. © 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Parameter estimation

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LIGHT-BY-LIGHT SCATTERING CROSS-SECTION MEASUREMENTS AT THE LHC

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Acta Physica Polonica B 2023年第1期16卷

作者： Krintiras, G.K. Grabowska-Bold, I. Klusek-Gawenda, M. Chapon, É. Chudasama, R. Granier de Cassagnac, R. Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Kansas Malott Hall 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr. LawrenceKS66045 United States Department of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Al. Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Radzikowskiego 152 Kraków31-342 Poland IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette France Department of High Energy Physics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai400005 India Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Ecole Polytechnique CNRS IN2P3 Palaiseau France

Light-by-light (LbyL) scattering, γγ → γγ, is a rare Standard Model (SM) process, also proposed as a sensitive channel to study physics beyond the SM. In these proceedings, we perform a statistical combination of existing γγ → γγ cross section measurements at the LHC with the aim of checking the consistency with different SM predictions. Using a simplified set of assumptions, we find the averaged result of 115 ± 19 nb, consistent with SM predictions within two standard deviations. For the first time, we also consider the contribution from the ηb(1S) meson production to the diphoton invariant mass distribution. © 2023 Jagiellonian University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light scattering

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Application of the path optimization method to a discrete spin system

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kashiwa, Kouji Namekawa, Yusuke Ohnishi, Akira Takase, Hayato Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Information Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology Fukuoka811-0295 Japan Education and Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Hiroshima University Hiroshima730-0053 Japan Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan

The path optimization method, which is proposed to control the sign problem in quantum field theories with continuous degrees of freedom by machine learning, is applied to a spin model with discrete degrees of freedom. The path optimization method is applied by replacing the spins with dynamical variables via the Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation, and the sum with the integral. The one-dimensional (Lenz-)Ising model with a complex coupling constant is used as a laboratory for the sign problem in the spin model. The average phase factor is enhanced by the path optimization method, indicating that the method can weaken the sign problem. Our result reproduces the analytic values with controlled statistical errors. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ising model

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i-AEGIS-128: An Improved Authenticated Encryption Based on AEGIS-128

i-AEGIS-128: An Improved Authenticated Encryption Based on A...

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International Conference on Optimization and Applications (ICOA)

作者： Muhammad Ghulam Ghouse Sapiee Jamel Muhammad Aamir Muhammad Zulqarnain Mustafa Mat Deris Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Johor Malaysia College of Science and Engineering University of Derby United Kingdom Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Johor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665431156

Authenticated Encryption (AE) is the latest cryptographic algorithm standard introduced through CAESAR (Com-petition for Authenticated Encryption: Security, Applicability, and Robustness). AE schemes provide a process for simultaneously achieving the security goals of confidentiality and integrity assurance. The constructions of authentication encryption is secure and efficient to protect the modern electronic information systems. In this research paper, we proposed an Improved AEGIS-128 Algorithm (i-AEGIS-128) for improving the standard AEGIS-128 algorithm to enhance the performance in which quarter round-based AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is used for the encryption and decryption process. The proposed i-AEGIS-128 is based on an AEGIS-128 AES-round permutation modification for hardware implementation. The Results of i-AEGIS-128 on Intel(R)Core(TM) i7-3700 Processor running at 3.40 GHz speed with 16GB of RAM using C/C++ and HDL (Hardware Description Language) languages and platforms to determine the encryption and decryption time, throughput processing unit memory during encryption and decryption. Finally we compared the efficiency and power analysis of the hardware. The i-AEGIS-128 algorithm relies on the use of ¼ AES-round in authentication encryption to reduce the area consumed during processing, perform fast encryption and decryption, use less power and provide the best efficiency.

关键词： Performance evaluation Power demand Authentication Random access memory Throughput Hardware Robustness

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Skyrmionic device for three dimensional magnetic field sensing enabled by spin-orbit torques

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Koraltan, Sabri Gupta, Rahul Pradeep, Reshma Peremadathil Kammerbauer, Fabian Kononenko, Iryna Prügl, Klemens Kirsch, Michael Aichner, Bernd Helbig, Santiago Bruckner, Florian Abert, Claas Mandru, Andrada Oana Satz, Armin Jakob, Gerhard Hug, Hans Josef Kläui, Mathias Suess, Dieter Physics of Functional Materials Faculty of Physics University of Vienna ViennaA-1090 Austria Vienna Doctoral School in Physics University of Vienna Vienna Austria Research Platform MMM Mathematics-Magnetism-Materials University of Vienna ViennaA-1090 Austria Institute of Physics Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz55099 Germany Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology DübendorfCH-8600 Switzerland National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Institute of Applied Physics 58 Petropavlivska St. Sumy40000 Ukraine Infineon Technologies AG Regensburg93049 Germany Faculty of Physics University of Vienna ViennaA-1090 Austria Infineon Technologies AG Villach9500 Austria Department of Physics University of Basel Basel4056 Switzerland

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically protected local magnetic solitons that are promising for storage, logic or general computing applications. In this work, we demonstrate that we can use a skyrmion device based on [W/CoFeB/MgO]10 multilayers for three-dimensional magnetic field sensing enabled by spin-orbit torques (SOT). We stabilize isolated chiral skyrmions and stripe domains in the multilayers, as shown by magnetic force microscopy images and micromagnetic simulations. We perform magnetic transport measurements to show that we can sense both in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields by means of a differential measurement scheme in which the symmetry of the SOT leads to cancelation of the DC offset. With the magnetic parameters obtained by vibrating sample magnetometry and ferromagnetic resonance measurements, we perform finite-temperature micromagnetic simulations, where we investigate the fundamental origin of the sensing signal. We identify the topological transformation between skyrmions, stripes and type-II bubbles that leads to a change in the resistance that is read-out by the anomalous Hall effect. Our study presents a novel application for skyrmions, where a differential measurement sensing concept is applied to quantify external magnetic fields paving the way towards more energy efficient applications in skyrmionics based spintronics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Computation theory

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