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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kaplon, L. Baran, J. Chug, N. Coussat, A. Curceanu, C. Czerwiński, E. Dadgar, M. Dulski, K. Gajewski, J. Gajos, A. Hiesmayr, B. Valsan, E. Kavya Klimaszewski, K. Korcyl, G. Kozik, T. Krzemień, W. Kumar, D. Moskal, G. Niedźwiecki, S. Panek, D. Parzych, S. del Rio, E. Pérez Raczyński, L. Ruciński, A. Sharma, S. Shivani, S. Shopa, R. Silarski, M. Skurzok, M. Stępień, E. Ardebili, F. Tayefi Ardebili, K. Tayefi Wiślicki, W. Moskal, P. Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Lojasiewicza 11 Krakow30-348 Poland Total-Body Jagiellonian-PET Laboratory Jagiellonian University Lojasiewicza 11 Krakow30-348 Poland Center for Theranostics Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Frascati00044 Italy Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Radzikowskiego 152 Krakow31-342 Poland Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna1090 Austria Department of Complex Systems National Centre for Nuclear Research Otwock-Swierk05-400 Poland High Energy Physics Division National Centre for Nuclear Research Otwock-Swierk05-400 Poland Faculty of Chemistry The Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 Krakow30-387 Poland

Plastic scintillator strips are considered as one of the promising solutions for the cost-effective construction of total-body positron emission tomography (PET) system. The purpose of the performed measurements is to compare the transparency of long plastic scintillators with dimensions 6 mm × 24 mm × 1000 mm and with all surfaces polished. Six different types of commercial, general purpose, blue-emitting plastic scintillators with low attenuation of visible light were tested, namely: polyvinyl toluene-based BC-408, EJ-200, RP-408, and polystyrene-based Epic, SP32 and UPS-923A. For determination of the best type of plastic scintillator for total-body Jagiellonian positron emission tomograph (TB-J-PET) construction, emission and transmission spectra, and technical attenuation length (TAL) of blue light-emitting by the scintillators were measured and compared. The TAL values were determined with the use of UV lamp as excitation source, and photodiode as light detector. Emission spectra of investigated scintillators have maxima in the range from 420 nm to 429 nm. The BC-408 and EJ-200 have the highest transmittance values of about 90% at the maximum emission wavelength measured through a 6 mm thick scintillator strip and the highest technical attenuation length reaching about 2000 mm, allowing assembly of long detection modules for time-of-flight (TOF) J-PET scanners. Influence of the 6 mm x 6 mm, 12 mm x 6 mm, 24 mm x 6 mm cross-sections of the 1000 mm long EJ-200 plastic scintillator on the TAL and signal intensity was measured. The highest TAL value was determined for samples with 24 mm x 6 mm cross-section. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Positrons

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Dual electroweak phase transition in the two-Higgs-doublet model with the S3 discrete symmetry

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Phong, Vo Quoc Anh, Nguyen Minh Long, Hoang Ngoc Department of Theoretical Physics University of Science Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam Subatomic Physics Research Group Science and Technology Advanced Institute Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam Faculty of Applied Technology School of Technology Van Lang University Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam

In this work, dual electroweak phase transition (EWPT) consisting of two phases, is carefully studied in the two-Higgs-doublet model with the S3 discrete symmetry. The role of S3 here is to further separate the stages of the electroweak phase transition, compared to that of the original two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM). The strength of the electroweak phase transition (S) in the model under consideration is large enough for the first-order EWPT, specifically 1 2/v1, is proven to have no effects on the strength of the phase transition. This ratio only affects the mass domain that causes the first-order phase transition. Furthermore, in this paper we will show clearly that when studying the EWPT in models of more than one scalar field that generates masses, one needs to analyze the problem of phase transition under multiple stages. In other words, the effect of the first stage of symmetry breaking to the second one, is to simplify by suggestion that vacuum expectation value of the Higgs boson responsible for the initial stage is proportional to that of the field for the next stage. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Bosons

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Specific heat analyses on optical-phonon-derived uniaxial negative thermal expansion system TrZr2 (Tr = Fe and Co1-xNix)

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Watanabe, Yuto Tayran, Ceren Kasem, Md Riad Yamashita, Aichi Çakmak, Mehmet Katase, Takayoshi Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu Department of Physics Tokyo Metropolitan University Hachioji Tokyo192-0397 Japan Department of Physics Faculty of Science Gazi University Ankara06500 Turkey DIFFER Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research De Zaale 20 Eindhoven5612 AJ Netherlands Department of Photonics Faculty of Applied Sciences Gazi University Ankara06500 Turkey Photonics Application and Research Center Gazi University Ankara06500 Turkey MDX Research Center for Element Strategy International Research Frontiers Initiative Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama226-8501 Japan

Recently, huge uniaxial negative thermal expansion (NTE) along a c-axis has been observed in transition-metal (Tr) zirconides TrZr2 with a tetragonal CuAl2-type structure. In a recent study on FeZr2 [M. Xu et al., Nat. Commun. 14, 4439 (2023)], the importance of optical phonons to the emergence of the c-axis NTE in FeZr2 has been proposed. In this study, the physical properties of TrZr2 (Tr = Fe and Co1-xNix) have been studied by specific heat, sound velocity measurements, and theoretical phonon calculations to discuss the importance of optical phonons to the emergence of the c-axis NTE in CoZr2 and FeZr2. From analyses of lattice specific heat, we found that Ni substitution results in a systematic decrease in oscillator strength for the Einstein modes with 8.74 meV (CoZr2). From phonon calculations, the low-energy optical phonon branches at the Γ point were observed for CoZr2 and FeZr2 with c-axis NTE, but not in NiZr2 with positive thermal expansion. The enhancement of phonon density of states near the above-mentioned optical phonon energy in CoZr2 and FeZr2 is consistent with the specific heat analyses. We propose the importance of the low-energy optical phonons to the emergence of the c-axis NTE in TrZr2. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Negative thermal expansion

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Optics for terawatt-scale photovoltaics: review and perspectives

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Advances in Optics and Photonics 2025年第1期17卷 185-294页

作者： Jäger, Klaus Aeberhard, Urs Llado, Esther Alarcon Bläsi, Benedikt Burger, Sven Ehrler, Bruno Favre, Wilfried Fejfar, Antonín Gageot, Tristan Gordon, Ivan Helmers, Henning Höhn, Oliver Isabella, Olindo Jošt, Marko Ledinský, Martin Mandal, Jyotirmoy Manley, Phillip Muñoz, Delfina Omair, Zunaid Lizcano, Juan Camilo Ortiz Paetzold, Ulrich W. Raman, Aaswath P. Sai, Hitoshi Saive, Rebecca Schmid, Martina Yablonovitch, Eli Becker, Christiane Department Optics for Solar Energy Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Kekuléstraße 5 Berlin12489 Germany Computational Nano Optics Zuse Institute Berlin Takustraße 7 Berlin14195 Germany Fluxim AG Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 2 Winterthur8400 Switzerland LMPV-Sustainable Energy Materials Department AMOLF Science Park 104 Amsterdam1098 XG Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE Heidenhofstraße 2 Freiburg79100 Germany JCMwave GmbH Bolivarallee 22 Berlin14050 Germany Université Grenoble Alpes CEA LITEN Campus INES 50 avenue du Lac Léman Le Bourget-du-Lac73375 France FZU - Institute of Physics The Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 1999/2 Prague 8182 00 Czech Republic IMEC/Energyville Thor Park 8320 Genk3600 Belgium Hasselt University Martelarenlaan 42 Hasselt3500 Belgium Photovoltaic Materials and Devices Laboratory Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 4 Delft2628 CD Netherlands University of Freiburg Emmy-Noether-Str.2 Freiburg79110 Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana Tržaška 25 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton University E209A Engineering Quadrangle PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Institute of Microstructure Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany Light Technology Institute Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76131 Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8568 Japan MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology Inorganic Materials Science University of Twente NB Enschede7522 Netherlands University of Duisburg-Essen Forsthausweg 2 Duisburg47057 Germany Faculty 1 School of Engineering – Energy and Information Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin

In this section, we described the various device architectures in production for crystalline-silicon PV as well as the various absorber materials being used and developed for thin-film PV. We also explained why multijunction PV technology is considered the future of PV technology. We identified four major technological challenges (Fig. 1) for future mass production and deployment of PV technology in order to achieve the goal of climate neutrality and indicated how optics could help resolve these challenges. The four main challenges (Fig. 1) are: • Sustainable production of PV systems;• Higher energy conversion efficiencies;• Higher energy output and operational lifetime;• Integration of PV systems in their environment. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA). All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy conversion efficiency

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Photonic Frequency Space Simulation of Tight-Binding Lattices Using Integrated LNOI Ring Resonators

Photonic Frequency Space Simulation of Tight-Binding Lattice...

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Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO/Pacific Rim)

作者： Armandas Balčytis Hiep Dinh Tomoki Ozawa Yasutomo Ota Toshihiko Baba Satoshi Iwamoto Arnan Mitchell Thach G. Nguyen Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre RMIT University Melbourne VIC Australia Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics Keio University Yokohama Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yokohama National University Hodogaya-ku Yokohama Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Meguro-ku Tokyo Japan

We use electro-optically modulated ring cavities, integrated on thin-film lithium niobate, to model frequency dimension tight-binding lattices with versatile connectivity. Inter-mode coupling range, strength, and hopp... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350372076

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372083

关键词： Frequency modulation Lithium niobate Resonant frequency Lattices Electro-optic modulators Ring lasers Laser modes

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Quantum circuit architecture search on a superconducting processor

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Linghu, Kehuan Qian, Yang Wang, Ruixia Hu, Meng-Jun Li, Zhiyuan Li, Xuegang Xu, Huikai Zhang, Jingning Ma, Teng Zhao, Peng Liu, Dong E. Hsieh, Min-Hsiu Wu, Xingyao Du, Yuxuan Tao, Dacheng Jin, Yirong Yu, Haifeng Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing100193 China School of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering University of Sydney Australia JD Explore Academy State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Centre for Quantum Software and Information Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have shown strong evidences to gain provable computational advantages for diverse fields such as finance, machine learning, and chemistry. However, the heuristic ansatz exploited in modern VQAs is incapable of balancing the tradeoff between expressivity and trainability, which may lead to the degraded performance when executed on the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) machines. To address this issue, here we demonstrate the first proof-of-principle experiment of applying an efficient automatic ansatz design technique, i.e., quantum architecture search (QAS), to enhance VQAs on an 8-qubit superconducting quantum processor. In particular, we apply QAS to tailor the hardware-efficient ansatz towards classification tasks. Compared with the heuristic ansätze, the ansatz designed by QAS improves test accuracy from 31% to 98%. We further explain this superior performance by visualizing the loss landscape and analyzing effective parameters of all ansätze. Our work provides concrete guidance for developing variable ansätze to tackle various large-scale quantum learning problems with advantages. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Secure Cloud Data Storage System Using Hybrid Paillier–Blowsh Algorith

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第4期67卷 779-798页

作者： Bijeta Seth Surjeet Dalal Dac-Nhuong Le Vivek Jaglan Neeraj Dahiya Akshat Agrawal Mayank Mohan Sharma Deo Prakash K.D.Verma SRM University Delhi-NCRSonipatHaryana131029India Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDanang550000Vietnam Department of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDanang 550000Vietnam Graphic Era Hill University DehradunUttarakhand248171India Amity University Haryana122412India Principal Software Lead Zillow Inc.USA School of Computer Science&Engineering Faculty of EngineeringSMVD UniversityKakryalKatra182320India Material Science Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsS.V.CollegeAligarh202001India

Cloud computing utilizes enormous clusters of serviceable and manageable resources that can be virtually and dynamically recongured in order to deliver optimum resource utilization by exploiting the pay-per-use ***,concerns around security have been an impediment in the extensive adoption of the cloud computing *** this regard,advancements in cryptography,accelerated by the wide usage of the internet worldwide,has emerged as a key area in addressing some of these security *** this document,a hybrid cryptographic protocol deploying Blowsh and Paillier encryption algorithms has been presented and its strength compared with the existing hybrid Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)and Rivest Shamir Adleman(RSA)*** for secure data storage protocol in two phases have been *** proposed hybrid protocol endeavors to improve the power of cloud storage through a decrease in computation time and ciphertext *** have been carried out with Oracle Virtual Box and Fog server used on an Ubuntu 16.04 *** grouping of asymmetric and homomorphic procedures has demonstrated enhanced *** usage has helped in decreasing the storage space and computation *** analysis in terms of computation overhead and quality of service parameters like loads of parameters with and without attacks,throughput,and stream length for different modes of block cipher mode has been carried *** analysis has been carried out by utilizing the Hardening Index as an audit parameter using Lynis ***,for halting the aforementioned approaches and for regulating trafc,rewall protection has been generated in the chosen hybrid ***,enhancements in the performance of the Paillier and Blowsh hybrid scheme with and without compression compared to the existing schemes using RSA and AES procedures have been demonstrated.

关键词： Cryptography blowsh homomorphic paillier cloud computing

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Identification of Sounds Using Deep Learning with MFCC Features Extraction

Identification of Sounds Using Deep Learning with MFCC Featu...

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AITU: Digital Generation, IEEE

作者： Veeramanickam M.R.M Aniket Ingavale Vikas Khullar Sneha S Tirth Bishwajeet Pandey Harjit Pal Singh Department of Software Engineering Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) Lima Peru School of Engineering and Technology DES Pune University Pune India Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab India Department of Computer Engineering Trinity College of Engineering and Research Pune India Department of IS&CS Astana IT University Astana Kazakhstan Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology The University of West Indies St Augustine Trinidad & Tobago

ISBN: (数字)9798350364378

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364385

Environmental sound classification is an essential aspect of identifying different classes of sounds using a machine learning approach. This work investigates the efficacy of convolutional neural networks for classifying short environmental sound clips. In this work, a deep 1D-CNN architecture with 2 layers of convolutional employing max-pooling, followed by two fully-connected layers are utilized. The model leverages segmented spectrograms with delta features as input. Evaluated with datasets encompassing environmental and urban recordings, our model surpasses baseline methods utilizing mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and achieves competitive performance against traditional approaches.

关键词： Training Deep learning Computational modeling computer architecture Feature extraction Data augmentation Recording

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Generating function for projected entangled-pair states

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tu, Wei-Lin Vanderstraeten, Laurens Schuch, Norbert Lee, Hyun-Yong Kawashima, Naoki Chen, Ji-Yao Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Yokohama223-8522 Japan Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems Université Libre de Bruxelles Belgium University of Vienna Faculty of Physics Boltzmanngasse 5 Wien1090 Austria University of Vienna Faculty of Mathematics Oskar-Morgenstern-Platz 1 Wien1090 Austria Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Department of Applied Physics Graduate School Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in E·ICT-Culture-Sports Convergence Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Institute for Solid State Physics The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8581 Japan Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Center for Neutron Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510275 China

Diagrammatic summation is a common bottleneck in modern applications of projected entangled-pair states, especially in computing low-energy excitations of a two-dimensional quantum many-body system. To solve this problem, here we extend the generating function approach for tensor network diagrammatic summation, a scheme previously proposed in the context of matrix product states. Taking the form of a one-particle excitation, we show that the excited state can be computed efficiently in the generating function formalism, which can further be used in evaluating the dynamical structure factor of the system. Our benchmark results for the spin-1/2 transverse-field Ising model and Heisenberg model on the square lattice provide a desirable accuracy, showing good agreement with known results. We then study the spin-1/2 J1-J2 model on the same lattice and investigate the dynamical properties of the putative gapless spin liquid phase. We conclude with a discussion on generalizations to multi-particle excitations. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Excited states

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THE COX-VOINOV LAW FOR TRAVELING WAVES IN THE PARTIAL WETTING REGIME

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Gnann, Manuel V. Wisse, Anouk C. Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 4 Delft2628 CD Netherlands

We consider the thin-film equation ∂th+∂y (m(h)∂y3h) = 0 in {h > 0} with partial-wetting boundary conditions and inhomogeneous mobility of the form m(h) = h3 + λ3−nhn, where h ≥ 0 is the film height, λ > 0 is the slip length, y > 0 denotes the lateral variable, and n ∈ (0, 3) is the mobility exponent parameterizing the nonlinear slip condition. The partial-wetting regime implies the boundary condition ∂yh = const. > 0 at the triple junction ∂{h > 0} (nonzero microscopic contact angle). Existence and uniqueness of traveling-wave solutions to this problem under the constraint ∂y2h → 0 as h → ∞ have been proved in previous work by Chiricotto and Giacomelli in [Commun. Appl. Ind. Math., 2(2):e-388, 16, 2011]. We are interested in the asymptotics as h ↓ 0 and h → ∞. By reformulating the problem as h ↓ 0 as a dynamical system for the difference between the solution and the microscopic contact angle, values for n are found for which linear as well as nonlinear resonances occur. These resonances lead to a different asymptotic behavior of the solution as h ↓ 0 depending on n. Together with the asymptotics as h → ∞ characterizing the Cox-Voinov law for the velocity-dependent macroscopic contact angle as found by Giacomelli, the first author of this work, and Otto in [Nonlinearity, 29(9):2497-2536, 2016], the rigorous asymptotics of traveling-wave solutions to the thin-film equation in partial wetting can be characterized. Furthermore, our approach enables us to analyze the relation between the microscopic and macroscopic contact angle. It is found that the Cox-Voinov law for the macroscopic contact angle depends continuously differentiably on the microscopic contact *** Codes 34B08, 34B40, 35C07, 35K25, 35K65, 37D10, 76D08 Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thin films

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