The ability to observe astronomical events through the detection of gravitational waves relies on the quality of multilayer coatings used on the optical mirrors of interferometers. Amorphous Ta2O5 (including TiO2:Ta2O...
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The ability to observe astronomical events through the detection of gravitational waves relies on the quality of multilayer coatings used on the optical mirrors of interferometers. Amorphous Ta2O5 (including TiO2:Ta2O5) currently limits detector sensitivity due to high mechanical loss. In this paper, mechanical loss measured at both cryogenic and room temperatures of amorphous Ta2O5 films grown by magnetron sputtering and annealed in air at 500 ∘C is shown to decrease for elevated growth temperature. Films grown at 310 ∘C and annealed yield a mechanical loss of 3.1×10−4 at room temperature, the lowest value reported for pure amorphous Ta2O5 grown by magnetron sputtering to date, and comparable to the lowest values obtained for films grown by ion beam sputtering. Additionally, the refractive index n increases 6% for elevated growth temperature, which could lead to improved sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors by allowing a thickness reduction in the mirrors' coatings. Structural characterization suggests that the observed mechanical loss reduction in amorphous Ta2O5 films with increasing growth temperature correlates with a reduction in the coordination number between oxygen and tantalum atoms, consistent with TaOx polyhedra with increased corner-sharing and reduced edge- and face-sharing structures.
By introducing wireless interfaces in conventional wired routers or hubs, wireless network-on-chip (WiNoC) is proposed to relieve congestion pressure from high volume inter-subnet data transmission. Generally, process...
By introducing wireless interfaces in conventional wired routers or hubs, wireless network-on-chip (WiNoC) is proposed to relieve congestion pressure from high volume inter-subnet data transmission. Generally, processing elements on chip receive input data and return feedback through network interface, and data transmission function in Network-on-Chip (NoC) is completed by routers. Hubs equipped with wireless interface are fixed to certain wired routers. While wireless channels may not be fully utilized due to unbalanced workload and constant hub-router connection, e.g., certain nodes processing excess inter-subnet data traffic are far away from hubs. In this paper, we proposed a workload-aware WiNoC design with intelligent reconfigurable wireless interface to improve wireless resources utilization and mitigate congestion. Through multidimensional analysis of traffic flow, a 4-layer neural network is trained offline and applied to analyze workload in each tile, and return three most potential tiles for wireless interface reconfiguration to fully utilize wireless channel and lowing latency. We also implement a historical traffic information-based reconfigurable scheme for comparation. Evaluation results show that in an 8 × 8 hybrid mesh topology, the proposed scheme can achieve 10%–16% reduction in network latency and 5%–11% increment in network throughput compared with fixed-link hub-node connection scheme under several mixed traffic patterns.
Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential as a platform for achieving diverse functionalities in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum, ran...
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Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential as a platform for achieving diverse functionalities in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from terahertz to visible frequencies. This comprehensive roadmap reviews the material and device aspects of PCMs, and their diverse applications in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum. It discusses various device configurations and optimization techniques, including deep learning-based metasurface design. The integration of PCMs with Photonic Integrated Circuits and advanced electric-driven PCMs are explored. PCMs hold great promise for multifunctional device development, including applications in non-volatile memory, optical data storage, photonics, energy harvesting, biomedical technology, neuromorphic computing, thermal management, and flexible electronics.
Miniaturized light sources at telecommunication wavelengths are essential components for on-chip optical communication ***,we report the growth and fabrication of highly uniform p-i-n core-shell InGaAs/InP single quan...
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Miniaturized light sources at telecommunication wavelengths are essential components for on-chip optical communication ***,we report the growth and fabrication of highly uniform p-i-n core-shell InGaAs/InP single quantum well(QW)nanowire array light emitting diodes(LEDs)with multi-wavelength and high-speed ***-dimensional cathodoluminescence mapping reveals that axial and radial QWs in the nanowire structure contribute to strong emission at the wavelength of~1.35 and~1.55μm,respectively,ideal for low-loss optical *** a result of simultaneous contributions from both axial and radial QWs,broadband electroluminescence emission with a linewidth of 286 nm is achieved with a peak power of~17μW.A large spectral blueshift is observed with the increase of applied bias,which is ascribed to the band-filling effect based on device simulation,and enables voltage tunable multi-wavelength operation at the telecommunication wavelength ***-wavelength operation is also achieved by fabricating nanowire array LEDs with different pitch sizes on the same substrate,leading to QW formation with different emission ***,high-speed GHz-level modulation and small pixel size LED are demonstrated,showing the promise for ultrafast operation and ultracompact *** voltage and pitch size controlled multi-wavelength highspeed nanowire array LED presents a compact and efficient scheme for developing high-performance nanoscale light sources for future optical communication applications.
Despite major ongoing advancements in neutral atom hardware technology, there remains limited work in systems-level software tailored to overcoming the challenges of neutral atom quantum computers. In particular, most...
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We aim for accurate and efficient line landmark detection for valet parking, which is a long-standing yet unsolved problem in autonomous driving. To this end, we present a deep line landmark detection system where we ...
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Excess entropy and mismatch entropy in CuxZr100-x(46=x=70) and Cu50Zr50-xAlx(5=x=40) alloys have been obtained using an analytical thermodynamic approach based on hard-sphere model for the structure of liquids. The at...
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We fabricated non-catalytic carbon spheres with controllable dimensions (diameter 0.3 µm to 1.5µm) by chemical vapour deposition at 1273 K using C2H2 (carbon source) and N2 (dilutant) gas precursors. By vary...
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We report the formation mechanism of a unique pattern observed in ac-driven electroconvection of nematic liquid crystals (NLCs), in which many well-organized grid cells are very regularly aggregated in a two-dimension...
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We report the formation mechanism of a unique pattern observed in ac-driven electroconvection of nematic liquid crystals (NLCs), in which many well-organized grid cells are very regularly aggregated in a two-dimensional plane, globally forming a nearly perfect grid pattern (GP). Intuitively, the formation of such a pattern is unpredictable; usually, the perfectly regular normal roll (NR) showing a preferred roll direction is observed in this system by imposing a fixed initial direction of an NLC. The GP was investigated by varying the ac voltage and frequency. To characterize the GP, the density ρGP, the width a and length b of the grids, and the oscillation period TGP of an inner optical pattern of the grids were measured; moreover, the lengths L¯x and L¯y characterizing phase-jump lines (PJLs) in the GP were examined. By taking into account the process of evolution from a fluctuating NR with defects to the GP, the velocity and director fields of the GP are estimated. Furthermore, in comparison with the bimodal mechanism proposed in the earlier study, a possible mechanism for the GP formed by the PJLs is discussed; various routes to GPs depending on the ac frequency are proposed.
The production of highly effective and stable electrocatalysts for OER (oxygen evolution reaction) has become challenging for sustainable energy production. The present study uses the simple hydrothermal approach to p...
The production of highly effective and stable electrocatalysts for OER (oxygen evolution reaction) has become challenging for sustainable energy production. The present study uses the simple hydrothermal approach to prepare a noble-metal free electrocatalyst, i.e., SnCdO3/rGO. The successful production of bimetallic oxide with rGO composite was proved by physiochemical data, illustrating the crystal structure of prepared SnCdO3 material. Moreover, adding rGO to the SnCdO3 leads to the dispersion of nanoparticles onto the nanosheets, improving the material’s overall surface area, as proven by BET analysis. The electrochemical testing verifies the transmission of four electron mechanisms by displaying the reduced Tafel value (36 mV dec−1), and a reduced overpotential of 227 mV. These findings suggest that the material is highly active as a catalytic material during OER operation and remains stable for 50 h under the alkaline condition, as evidenced by the chronoamperometry testing. Hence, this novel electrocatalyst can potentially replace noble catalysts and open a new pathway for non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts in future energy conversion applications.
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