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A decentralized and privacy-preserving framework for electronic health records using blockchain

Alexandria Engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 196-203页

作者： Alahmari, Saad Alshardan, Amal Al-Wesabi, Fahd N. Sorour, Shaymaa Alghushairy, Omar Alsini, Raed Khadidos, Alaa O. Duhayyim, Mesfer Al Department of Computer Science Applied College Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Applied College at Mahayil King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business Administration King Faisal University Al-Ahsa31982 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems and Technology College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Jeddah Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj16273 Saudi Arabia

As healthcare services have become increasingly digitized, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have become widely adopted, providing seamless data exchange among providers. Conventional EHRs, however, are extremely vulnerable to cyber threats because patients' sensitive data is centralized and transmitted electronically. The paper proposes a decentralized, privacy-preserving framework for managing EHRs on blockchains in order to address these security and privacy concerns. Using cryptographic techniques, such as homomorphic encryption and zero-knowledge proofs, the proposed system enhances security and ensures data integrity. Additionally, the model facilitates scalable, efficient, and secure access to patient records through the integration of cloud-based storage and blockchain. Using smart contracts, we also ensure compliance with healthcare regulations by regulating access control and authentication. As a result of performance evaluations, the proposed approach is demonstrated to be feasible, and the advantages it offers in terms of security, privacy, and efficiency are highlighted. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Electronic health record

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Developing an Esports Assistant system for First Person Shooting Game Based on Multimodal Learning 14th

Developing an Esports Assistant System for First Person Shoo...

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14th International Conference on Frontier Computing, FC 2024

作者： Chiu, Wei-Hsiang Hung, Jason C. Ma, Hao-Shang Huang, Chun-Hong Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Information and Network Engineering Lunghwa University of Science and Technology Taoyuan City Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819623945

We plan to develop a specialized training system to enhance the competitive skills of players in the first-person shooter game "Valorant", aiming to improve their abilities and tactical understanding within the game. We will adopt a multimodal image-text fusion technique to enhance the model’s learning of sample similarity. Specifically, we will use the cross-entropy function to maximize the diagonal values of the similarity matrix, thereby capturing the features of similar samples and reducing the similarity between dissimilar samples. Through this process, we ensure that the model can map the same entity across different modalities into similar embedding representations, while distinguishing unrelated samples. Our goal is to find a way of embedding representation during the learning process that enables the model to better understand and represent multimodal data. We will utilize the YOLOv7 model for object detection to identify destructible skills. Based on the results of object detection, we will generate relevant textual descriptions for each object. This will enable novice players to quickly understand the function of diverse and complex skills and take appropriate actions when encountering them. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Object detection

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Blockchain-Enabled Edge Computing Techniques for Advanced Video Surveillance in Autonomous Vehicles

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 1239-1255页

作者： Mohammad Tabrez Quasim Khair Ul Nisa Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaBishaP.O.Box 551Saudi Arabia

The blockchain-based audiovisual transmission systems were built to create a distributed and flexible smart transport system(STS).This system lets customers,video creators,and service providers directly connect with each ***-based STS devices need a lot of computer power to change different video feed quality and forms into different versions and structures that meet the needs of different *** the other hand,existing blockchains can’t support live streaming because they take too long to process and don’t have enough computer *** amounts of video data being sent and analyzed put too much stress on networks for vehicles.A video surveillance method is suggested in this paper to improve the performance of the blockchain system’s data and lower the latency across the multiple access edge computing(MEC)*** integration of MEC and blockchain for video surveillance in autonomous vehicles(IMEC-BVS)framework has been *** deal with this problem,the joint optimization problem is shown using the actor-critical asynchronous advantage(ACAA)method and deep reinforcement training as a Markov Choice Progression(MCP).Simulation results show that the suggested method quickly converges and improves the performance of MEC and blockchain when used together for video surveillance in self-driving cars compared to other methods.

关键词： Blockchain multiple access edge computing video surveillance autonomous vehicles

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YOLOv8n-CGW: A novel approach to multi-oriented vehicle detection in intelligent transportation systems

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第7期84卷 3809-3840页

作者： Berwo, Michael Abebe Fang, Yong Sarwar, Nadeem Mahmood, Jabar Aljohani, Mansourah Elhosseini, Mostafa School of Information and Engineering Chang’an University Shaanxi Xi’an710064 China Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore Campus Punjab Lahore54600 Pakistan Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of Sialkot Punjab Sialkot51040 Pakistan College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Yanbu46421 Saudi Arabia Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt

In the context of Intelligent Transportation systems (ITS), the role of vehicle detection and classification is indispensable for streamlining transportation management, refining traffic control, and conducting in-depth accident analyses. However, the intricate task of accurately detecting multi-oriented vehicles in diverse scenarios remains a challenge, even with the advancements in ITS. Factors such as vehicle morphology, design, road conditions, structural details, and climatic variables provide a significant part in the detection. To address this, our study introduces an advanced YOLOv8n model, specifically the YOLOv8n-CGW, which is built upon pre-trained deep learning frameworks. This model is meticulously tailored to enhance the detection capabilities for multi-oriented vehicles. Comprehensive evaluations on esteemed datasets like MtV, MERGED, Custom dataset, DAWN, WEDGE, and UA-DETRAC underscore the superiority of our approach over existing models. Notably, our YOLOv8n-CGW model achieves a remarkable mAP of 83.3% and boasts a swift inference time of 0.0019s, setting a new benchmark in the domain. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Recognition of American sign language using modified deep residual CNN with modified canny edge segmentation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-28页

作者： Hariharan, U. Devarajan, Devikanniga Kumar, P. Santhosh Rajkumar, K. Meena, M. Akilan, T. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Apex Institute of Technology Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM University Karnataka Bengaluru561203 India Department of Information Technology Faculty of Engineering and technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Ramapuram Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tambaram602109 India Research Coordinator Dept. of IQAC Amity University Kolkata West Bengal 700135 India

American Sign Language (ASL) recognition aims to recognize hand gestures, and it is a crucial solution to communicating between the deaf community and hearing people. However, existing sign language recognition algorithms still have some drawbacks, such as difficulty recognizing hand movements and low recognition accuracy for most sign language recognition. A Modified Convolutional Neural Network (MCNN) deep residual 101 classifier-based American Sign Language identification system has been developed to address this problem. There are three main parts presents in the method. The first part is pre-processing the images to remove the noise, enhance the contrast of the picture, adjust the contrast level and smoothen the picture using various filters. The second part is the segmentation, and it’s used to partition the image using a modified canny edge detection method by removing all weak edges present in the image. Finally, classification will be done using the Modified CNN deep residual 101 classifiers. By classifying the image, the American Sign Language is accurately identified. This process is conducted through images. The outcome shows that the suggested approach has a 0.97% accuracy and a 0.05% False Positive Rate. Other CNN architectures such as resNet 50 and resNet 18 reached 0.90% and 0.80% accuracy, respectively, which is lower than our proposed method. In addition, the resNet 101 classifier effectively recognizes the difficult hand gestures through the image data. It obtains high recognition accuracy for 36 signs is 0 to 9 numbers and a to z alphabets from American Sign Language. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Breaking the Interference and Fading Gridlock in Backscatter Communications: State-of-the-Art, Design Challenges, and Future Directions

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IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials 2025年第2期27卷 870-911页

作者： Gu, Bowen Li, Dong Ding, Haiyang Wang, Gongpu Tellambura, Chintha Macau University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering China National University of Defense Technology College of Information and Communication Wuhan430019 China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing100044 China University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada

As the Internet of Things (IoT) advances by leaps and bounds, a multitude of devices are becoming interconnected, marking the onset of an era where everything is connected. While this growth opens up opportunities for novel products and applications, it also leads to increased energy reliance on IoT devices, creating a significant bottleneck that hinders sustainable progress. Backscatter communication (BackCom), as a low-power and passive communication technology, emerges as one of the promising solutions to this energy impasse by reducing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption for IoT devices. However, BackCom systems also face some challenges, such as complex interference environments, including the direct-link interference (DLI) and the mutual interference (MI) between tags, which severely disrupt the efficiency of BackCom networks. Moreover, the double-path fading is another major issue that leads to a degraded system performance. To fully unleash the potential of BackComs, the purpose of this paper is to furnish a comprehensive review of existing solutions with a focus on addressing these challenges, offering an insightful analysis and comparison of various strategies. Specifically, we begin by introducing the preliminaries for BackCom, including its history, operating mechanisms, main architectures, etc., providing a foundational understanding of this field. Then, we delve into fundamental issues related to BackCom systems, such as solutions for the DLI, the MI, and the double-path fading. This paper thoroughly provides state-of-the-art advances for each case, particularly highlighting how the latest innovations in theoretical approaches and system design can strategically address these challenges. Finally, we explore emerging trends and challenges in BackComs by forecasting potential technological advancements and providing insights and guidelines for navigating the intricate landscape of future communication needs in a rapidly evolving IoT ecosystem.

关键词： Internet of things

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Machine Translation Performance for Low-Resource Languages: A systematic Literature Review

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 72486-72505页

作者： Tafa, Taofik O. Hashim, Siti Zaiton Mohd Othman, Mohd Shahizan Alhussian, Hitham Nasser, Maged Abdulkadir, Said Jadid Huspi, Sharin Hazlin Adeyemo, Sarafa O. Bena, Yunusa Adamu Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Faculty of Computing Johor Bahru81310 Malaysia Department of Computer Science at Gusau Gusau632101 Nigeria Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Department of Computer and Information Sciences Perak Seri Iskandar32610 Malaysia Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering Aliero Nigeria

Machine translation (MT) for low-resource languages continues to face significant challenges because of limited digital resources and parallel corpora, despite remarkable developments in neural machine translation (NMT). Addressing these challenges requires a thorough review of existing research to identify effective strategies and methods. To achieve this, a systematic literature review (SLR) is conducted following PRISMA guidelines and systematically analysing studies published in various academic databases in the last five years (between 2020 and 2024). A total of 69 relevant articles were examined to evaluate the performance of MT, explore persistent challenges and assess the effectiveness of proposed or used solutions. The analysis shows that while NMT has emerged as the predominant approach, its effectiveness is often reduced by the scarcity of training data and the structural complexity of low-resource languages. Strategies such as active learning, data augmentation, multilingual models and transfer learning are identified as critical for improving translation performance. Additionally, emerging research trends, including data pre-processing, optimization of decoder and rule-based approach demonstrate promising directions for addressing existing limitations. In terms of evaluation, most of the studies used Character n-gram F-score (ChrF), Translation Edit Rate (TER), Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering (METEOR), Word Error Rate (WER) and Bilingual Evaluation Underscore (BLEU) as techniques’ validation metrics. This review provides a detailed evaluation of the current state of MT for low-resource languages and emphasizes the need for further research into underrepresented languages and the development of comprehensive datasets. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： computer aided language translation

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Economical Camera-based Measuring Scheme for Roundabout Traffic

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Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 2025年第2期53卷 235-241页

作者： Kovács, Tamás Kovács, Lóránt Department of Information Technology GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science John von Neumann University Izsáki út 10. KecskemétH-6000 Hungary

Counting the turning movements in a four-leg roundabout is a challenging task and often executed by vehicle recognition and tracking on traffic videos. In order to obtain accurately all the 12 flow values of the origin-destination (O-D) matrix we need to measure arbitrary chosen 12 linearly independent flow values. However, the larger the area to be observed the more cameras are needed because the good pixel resolution of the vehicles and the proper camera inclination angles are essential. Here we propose a novel measuring scheme, which observes only two roundabout legs instead of observing all the four, as a result obtaining all the 12 flow values requires a reduced number of cameras. The directly measured flow values and the mathematical method of determining the O-D matrix are given in details. © 2025 Budapest University of technology and Economics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object recognition

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Function Scheduling with Data Security in Serverless Computing systems 17

Function Scheduling with Data Security in Serverless Computi...

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17th International Conference on COMmunication systems and NETworkS, COMSNETS 2025

作者： Saha, Srestha Pandey, Arvind Addya, Sourav Kanti Brata Nath, Shubha Indian Institute of Information Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Guwahati India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu India National Institute of Technology Karnataka Department of Computer Science and Engineering Surathkal India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531195

In serverless computing, the service provider takes full responsibility for function management. However, serverless computing has many challenges regarding data security and function scheduling. To address these challenges, we have proposed a system to secure the data of an end-user. We also aim to meet the quality of service (QoS) for the end-user requests. This work presents a Simulated Annealing-based optimization algorithm for function placement. Also, we have Hyperledger Fabric, a blockchain framework in the system architecture for securing the data of an end-user. We have conducted experiments in Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) taking virtual machine instances. The experiments in Amazon EC2 indicate that the proposed system secures the data and enhances the end-user's QoS. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Simulated annealing

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RT-PPS: Real-time privacy-preserving scheme for cloud-hosted IoT data

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Journal of High Speed Networks 2025年第1期31卷 71-89页

作者： Elhoseny, Mohamed Riad, Khaled College of Computing and Informatics University of Sharjah Sharjah27272 United Arab Emirates Faculty of Computers and Information Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt Computer Science Department College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology King Faisal University Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia Mathematics Department Faculty of Science Zagazig University Zagazig44519 Egypt

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing network of devices that can communicate with each other and with cloud-based services. These devices generate vast amounts of data that can be used to provide valuable insights into user behavior, environmental conditions, and other important factors. However, as this data is collected and processed by cloud-hosted services, there is a growing concern about privacy and security. Without adequate protection, sensitive information could be exposed to hackers or other malicious actors, putting both individuals and organizations at risk. To address this challenge, real-time privacy-preserving techniques can be used to protect IoT data without compromising its value. This paper introduces an efficient Real-time privacy-preserving scheme (RT-PPS) for cloud-hosted IoT data. RT-PPS employs multi-authority attribute-based encryption on a hybrid cloud environment to keep data secure and private, while still allowing it to be processed and analyzed by cloud-hosted services. RT-PPS has efficient response time and resource consumption, which gives it the ability to handle a huge number of concurrent users at the same time without notable delay. The proposed RT-PPS has been validated through extensive experimental evaluation on a variety of configurations. Moreover, the proposed scheme has been computationally compared with the state-of-the-artwork. RT-PPS has shown excellent performance, effectiveness, and efficiency. The RT-PPS encryption time for a 1 GB dataset while considering 1024 slices is approximately 1000 ms. Also, the RT-PPS decryption time for a 1 GB ciphertext while considering 1024 slices are approximately 235 ms. Finally, RT-PPS is proven secure against any polynomial-time attacks and their variations that have at most a negligible advantage in the introduced security model. Moreover compared to most of the state-of-the-artwork, RT-PPS reduced the ciphertext size and lowered the computations in the encryption, key g

关键词： Ciphertext

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