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IEEE Transactions on AgriFood Electronics 2024年第2期2卷 497-508页

作者： Pal, Chiranjit Mukherjee, Imon Chatterji, Sanjay Pratihar, Sanjoy Mitra, Pabitra Chakrabarti, Partha Pratim Indian Institute of Information Technology Kalyani Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kalyani741235 India Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kharagpur721302 India

In the realm of agricultural automation, the precise identification of crop stress holds immense significance for enhancing crop productivity. Existing methods primarily focus on controlled environments, which may not accurately reflect field conditions. Field-based leaf image analysis poses challenges due to varying image quality and sunlight intensity. Moreover, the complexity of crop stress images, with their random lesion distribution, diverse symptoms, and complex backgrounds, further complicates the analysis. To overcome these limitations, a lightweight hybrid convolutional neural network has been developed. This system integrates the powerful three-deep blocks model with an autoencoder running in parallel to highlight regions of crop stress effectively. To support this approach, we have introduced the Indian Rice Disease Dataset (IRDD) with labeled images. The proposed system reports an average true positive rate (TPR) of 0.8766 and an average positive predicted value of 0.8720 on IRDD, which are higher than other state-of-the-art crop disease detection models. The system is validated on benchmark datasets, yielding significant results: TPR of 0.9870 (rice), 0.9985 (tomato), and 0.8559 (corn). Furthermore, the proposed model outperforms recent state-of-the-art works on the benchmark PlantDoc dataset, showing its effectiveness in generalizing plant disease identification tasks. Finally, an ablation study has been carried out to explore the importance of the two parallel branches. Overall, this study acts as a bridge between advanced science and practical application, showcasing how interdisciplinary automation could revolutionize crop disease identification, improve agricultural efficiency, and reshape broader industrial practices. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Sensitive information leakage analysis of database code by abstract interpretation

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International Journal of Security and Networks 2023年第2期18卷 91-105页

作者： Jana, Angshuman Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Guwahati India

An information system stores outside data in the backend database to process them efficiently and protects sensitive data from illegitimate flow or unauthorised users. However, most information systems are made in such a way that the sensitive information stored in a database may be leaked explicitly or implicitly during data processing along with the control structure of the program to the output channels. Therefore, sensitive data leakage is one of the crucial security threat. In this paper, the main objective is to detect the illegitimate flow of confidential information in an information system. We propose a framework to detect sensitive information leakage through the data-flow paths of an information system. In particular, to compute the precise set of data-flow paths, we use the non-relational abstract property of the interval domain and the relational abstract property of the polyhedra domain that enables the framework to produce efficient security analysis results. © 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Formal methods

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Multi Label Classification Based on Ensemble Learning: Investigative Study 25

Multi Label Classification Based on Ensemble Learning: Inves...

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25th International Arab Conference on information technology, ACIT 2024

作者： Nasir, Ola Alazaidah, Raed Hadi, Wael Samara, Ghassan Al Daoud, Essam Owaida, Suhaila Abu Elrashidi, Ali Elsoud, Esraa Abu Alzoubi, Haneen Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Computer Science Zarqa Jordan Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Data Science and Ai Zarqa Jordan Petra University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Cyber Security Amman Jordan Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technolog Department of Computer Science Zarqa Jordan Al-al-Bayt University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Computer Science Mafraq Jordan University of Business and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Jeddah21432 Saudi Arabia Applied Science Private University Faculty of It Department of Computer Science Amman Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540012

In the big data technology nowadays, activities associated with Multi-Label Classification (MLC) pose big and complex challenges, receiving terrific interest in diverse fields. Existing MLC algorithms suffer from low overall performance. This paper considers four well-known Problem Transformation Methods (PTMs). Two of these PTMs are based on the frequency of the labels (MFL and LFL) while the last two PTMs are based on the positive correlations among labels. These PTMs have been implemented and compared against four multi label datasets of various sizes to identify the best one that fits the nature of MLC datasets. Moreover, six popular ensemble learning models have been carried out and compared on the four datasets with respect to several evaluation metrics such as Accuracy, Hamming loss, and Exact Match and using SMO, DecisionStump, Random Forest, and Random Commission classifiers. The results revealed that MFL accomplished the quality performance amongst the four PTMs, and Stacking SVM is the best ensemble learning technique. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Predictive Analytics in Mobile Education: Evaluating Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting for Course Completion Forecasting

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2025年第5期19卷 210-232页

作者： Hayadi, B. Herawan Hariguna, Taqwa Information Technology Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Bina Bangsa University Banten 42124 Indonesia Department of Information System and Magister Computer Sciences Universitas Amikom Purwokerto Purwokerto Utara 53127 Indonesia

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of three predictive algorithms—logistic regression, random forest, and GBM—in predicting course completion using user engagement data from online learning platforms. By analyzing engagement metrics such as session duration, session frequency, and quiz scores, the study sought to identify the most effective model for forecasting course completion, providing insights into which aspects of student behavior were most predictive of success. Logistic regression emerged as the best overall performer, achieving the highest accuracy (52.13%) and F1-Score (56.17%), indicating its balanced approach to predicting course completion and non-completion. Random forest and gradient boosting machines (GBM) showed strengths in specific areas;random forest maintained a good balance between precision and recall, while GBM excelled in recall, identifying students likely to complete courses but with lower precision, leading to more false positives. The findings have practical implications for educational technology, particularly in designing personalized learning paths and targeted interventions to support at-risk students. The study also acknowledged limitations, including the dataset’s focus on engagement metrics without demographic context and the potential for model-specific biases. Future research should explore additional predictive features, larger datasets, and more advanced algorithms to enhance the robustness and applicability of predictive models in real-time educational settings. © 2025 by the authors of this article.

关键词： Prediction models

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Karnauph classifier for predicting breast cancer based on morphological features

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International Journal of information technology (Singapore) 2024年第1期16卷 353-359页

作者： Zabian, Arwa Ibrahim, Ahmed Zohair Faculty of Science and Information Technology Department of Computer Science Jadara University Irbid Jordan Department of Computer Sciences Riyadh College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Breast cancer is the primary cause of mortality in women in the world, using artificial intelligence in predicting, detecting and early diagnosing of breast cancer can reduce the mortality rate. In this study, we propose a new approach to find the best morphological features that give the best prediction accuracy about the type of cancer benign or malignant. Our proposed algorithm Karnauph algorithm is a hybrid mathematical model that combines between features from the supervised learning and some other features from the unsupervised learning to obtain an easy and robust algorithm in term of prediction and computation. We apply our proposed algorithm on breast cancer dataset and we compare its performance in term of prediction accuracy with that of Naive Bayes, decision tree and Adaboost algorithms. The results show that our algorithm performance is similar to all of these algorithms when they are implemented on the same dataset and it gives better performance than other algorithms when evaluated on unseen data. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management.

关键词： Breast cancer Hybrid algorithm information gain Morphological features Prediction accuracy

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Diabetic Retinopathy Detection: A Hybrid Intelligent Approach

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4561-4576页

作者： Atta Rahman Mustafa Youldash Ghaida Alshammari Abrar Sebiany Joury Alzayat Manar Alsayed Mona Alqahtani Noor Aljishi Department of Computer Science(CS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)P.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering(CE) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(IAU)P.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia

Diabetes is a serious health condition that can cause several issues in human body organs such as the heart and kidney as well as a serious eye disease called diabetic retinopathy(DR).Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent complete blindness or partial vision *** detection methods,which involve ophthalmologists examining retinal fundus images,are subjective,expensive,and ***,this study employs artificial intelligence(AI)technology to perform faster and more accurate binary classifications and determine the presence of *** this regard,we employed three promising machine learning models namely,support vector machine(SVM),k-nearest neighbors(KNN),and Histogram Gradient Boosting(HGB),after carefully selecting features using transfer learning on the fundus images of the Asia Pacific Tele-Ophthalmology Society(APTOS)(a standard dataset),which includes 3662 images and originally categorized DR into five levels,now simplified to a binary format:No DR and DR(Classes 1-4).The results demonstrate that the SVM model outperformed the other approaches in the literature with the same dataset,achieving an excellent accuracy of 96.9%,compared to 95.6%for both the KNN and HGB *** approach is evaluated by medical health professionals and offers a valuable pathway for the early detection of DR and can be successfully employed as a clinical decision support system.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy transfer learning machine learning fundus images binary classification APTOS

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Mitigating Bias and Assessment Inconsistencies with BERT-Based Automated Short Answer Grading for the Indonesian Language

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第3期52卷 533-545页

作者： Amalia, Amalia Lydia, Maya Silvi Muchtar, Muhammad Anggia Manik, Fuzy Yustika Sinu Gunawan, Dani Department of Computer Science Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia Department of Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia

Automating the grading of short answers in Indonesian presents unique challenges, primarily due to the inherent variability in student responses and the limited linguistic resources available for fine-tuning models. This study aims to develop an automated grading system for short answers by employing a modified BERT model tailored explicitly for the Indonesian language. Our methodology involves translating the Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD 2.0) and augmenting it with domain-specific content from lecture materials, resulting in an additional 1,000 question-answer pairs. Furthermore, we optimize the model using the Optuna library for hyperparameter tuning. Experimental results show a minimum loss of 1.81 for the model, with optimized hyperparameters including a learning rate of 3.36 × 10-5, a training batch size of 8 per device, and two training epochs. The model achieves an F1-score of 69%, demonstrating a satisfactory level of accuracy comparable to or slightly exceeding typical performances on SQuAD 2.0 in English, which averages around 66%. Evaluations were conducted across various scenarios, including short-answer, long-context, and long-answer assessments. The results revealed that short answers achieved the highest cosine similarity and a perfect QWK score of 1. In contrast, long-context and long-answer scenarios yielded a QWK of 0.5, indicating a need for further improvement;however, the model shows promise for long answers with additional enhancements. This study demonstrates BERT’s potential to enhance equity and precision in grading Indonesian short answers, despite limitations in response completeness. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Linguistics

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Explainable ensemble deep learning-based model for brain tumor detection and classification

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第3期37卷 1289-1306页

作者： Hosny, Khalid M. Mohammed, Mahmoud A. Salama, Rania A. Elshewey, Ahmed M. Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computers and Information Zagazig University P.O.BOX 44519 Zagazig Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Suez University P.O.BOX 43221 Suez Egypt Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computers and Information Suez University P.O.BOX 43221 Suez Egypt

Brain tumors are very dangerous as they cause death. A lot of people die every year because of brain tumors. Therefore, accurate classification and detection in the early stages can help in recovery. Various deep learning techniques have achieved good results in brain tumor classification. The traditional deep learning methods and training the neural network from scratch are time-consuming and can last for weeks of training. Therefore, in this work, we proposed an ensemble approach depending on transfer learning that utilizes pre-trained models of DenseNet121 and InceptionV3 to detect three forms of brain tumors: meningioma, glioma, and pituitary. While developing the ensemble model, some changes were made to the architecture of pre-trained models by replacing their classifiers (fully connected and SoftMax layers) with a new classifier to adopt the recent task. In addition, gradient-weighted class activation maps (Grad-CAM) are an explainable model to verify results and achieve high confidence. The suggested model was validated using a publicly available dataset and achieved 99.02% accuracy, 98.75% precision, 98.98% recall, and a 98.86% F1 score. The suggested approach outperformed others in detecting and classifying brain tumor MRI data, and verifying results using the explainable model achieved a high degree of trust. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Transfer learning

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Graph-Segmenter:graph transformer with boundary-aware attention for semantic segmentation

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第5期18卷 97-108页

作者： Zizhang WU Yuanzhu GAN Tianhao XU Fan WANG Computer Vision Perception Department of ZongMu Technology Shanghai 201203China Faculty of Electrical Engineering Information TechnologyPhysicsTechnical University of BraunschweigBraunschweig 38106Germany

Thetransformer-based semantic segmentation approaches,which divide the image into different regions by sliding windows and model the relation inside each window,have achieved outstanding ***,since the relation modeling between windows was not the primary emphasis of previous work,it was not fully *** address this issue,we propose a Graph-Segmenter,including a graph transformer and a boundary-aware attention module,which is an effective network for simultaneously modeling the more profound relation between windows in a global view and various pixels inside each window as a local one,and for substantial low-cost boundary ***,we treat every window and pixel inside the window as nodes to construct graphs for both views and devise the graph *** introduced boundary-awareattentionmoduleoptimizes theedge information of the target objects by modeling the relationship between the pixel on the object's *** experiments on three widely used semantic segmentation datasets(Cityscapes,ADE-20k and PASCAL Context)demonstrate that our proposed network,a Graph Transformer with Boundary-aware Attention,can achieve state-of-the-art segmentation performance.

关键词： graph transformer graph relation network boundary-aware attention semantic segmentation

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Classifying Psychiatric Patients Using Machine Learning 25

Classifying Psychiatric Patients Using Machine Learning

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25th International Arab Conference on information technology, ACIT 2024

作者： Alrjoob, Hmmam M. Alazaidah, Raed Batyha, Radwan Khafajeh, Hayel Elsoud, Esraa Abu Saeb Al-Sherideh, Ala'a Elrashidi, Ali Alqaraleh, Muhyeeddin Amer, Waleed Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Computer Science Zarqa Jordan Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Data Science and Ai Zarqa Jordan Applied Science Private University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Computer Science Amman Jordan Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technology Department Computer Science Zarqa Jordan Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Cyper Security Zarqa Jordan University of Business and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Jeddah21432 Saudi Arabia Zarqa University Faculty of Information Technology Department of Software Engineering Zarqa Jordan Zarqa University Faculty on Information Technology Department of Cyber Security Zarqa Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540012

Psychological disorders are considered chronic illnesses that affect a wide range of populations. Some studies in the United States indicate that one in every eight individuals is affected by a psychological disorder. Additionally, individuals with a psychological disorder often have an impact on the nature of the lives of those around them. It is beneficial to detect the illness in its early stages to increase the likelihood of recovery. In this research, thirteen classification algorithms are used. Each algorithm has an interesting approach. It can be used to analyze several datasets where three datasets specific to Psychiatric patients were selected. The datasets have been chosen from UCI Machine Learning Repository. The datasets were re-analyzed after only 50% of the characteristics were approved after being evaluated by the several feature selection techniques. The main objective of this research is to find the best classifier and feature selection strategy in analyzing datasets of Psychiatric patients. After conducting numerous comparisons, it became evident that, the best classifier for the Autism-Adult-Data dataset are Bagging and Random Forest. As for the best learning strategy, it was found to be Functions and Trees, the best feature selection was obtained using Symmetrical Uncourt Attribute Evaluation. Both IBK and KStar classifier proved to be the best classifier for the Parkinson's dataset, Lazy demonstrated to be the most effective learning strategy, Correlation Attribute Evaluation technique yielded the best feature selection. Logistic emerged as the best classifier for planning-relax dataset, the best learning strategy was Bayes, the best feature selection was found to be Symmetrical Uncert Feature Selection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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