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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Kunpeng Xu, Lei Yi, Xinlei Cao, Ming Johansson, Karl H. Chai, Tianyou Yang, Tao State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8W 2Y2 Canada Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Ministry of Education Shanghai201210 China Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen GroningenAG 9747 Netherlands Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden Digital Futures Stockholm10044 Sweden

This paper considers distributed online nonconvex optimization with time-varying inequality constraints over a network of agents. For a time-varying graph, we propose a distributed online primal–dual algorithm with compressed communication to efficiently utilize communication resources. We show that the proposed algorithm establishes an O(T max{1−θ1,θ1}) network regret bound and an O(T 1−θ1/2) network cumulative constraint violation bound, where T is the number of iterations and θ1 ∈ (0, 1) is a user-defined trade-off parameter. When Slater’s condition holds (i.e, there is a point that strictly satisfies the inequality constraints at all iterations), the network cumulative constraint violation bound is reduced to O(T 1−θ1). These bounds are comparable to the state-of-the-art results established by existing distributed online algorithms with perfect communication for distributed online convex optimization with (time-varying) inequality constraints. Finally, a simulation example is presented to validate the theoretical results. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convex optimization

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Navigation for precise walking of blind people based on pulling illusion devices embedded in white canes 4

Navigation for precise walking of blind people based on pull...

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4th IEEE Global Conference on Life sciences and Technologies, LifeTech 2022

作者： Nunokawa, Kiyohiko Tanabe, Takeshi Takizawa, Hotaka Doi, Kouki Ino, Shuichi Tokyo International University School of Human and Social Sciences Kawagoe Japan Industrial Science and Technology Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Tsukuba Japan Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Faculty of Engineering Tsukuba Japan National Institute of Special Needs Education Department of Education Information Yokosuka Japan Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665419048

There have been various types of navigation systems for the visually impaired. Many of them were designed to help the visually impaired walk long distances between large landmarks, such as houses and stations. Moreover, short distance navigation is required for the visually impaired. For example, consider a situation where a visually impaired person moves from a table to a counter in a food court. First, he/she can move roughly, but, near the counter, he/she needs to walk carefully not to collide with or pass through the counter. To the best of our knowledge, such a precise navigation has not been focused on in the past. In this study, we proposed a navigation device for precise walking of the visually impaired. The system comprises a white cane and a small vibration actuator embedded in the grip of the white cane. The actuator can generate asymmetric vibrations, enabling the user to feel a pulling illusion. Using this mechanism, the device can notify the user about the directions to walk. In addition, the actuator is so small and light that the user can use the device with one hand, such as the conventional white cane. Besides, we conducted a user study where two sighted participants who wore eye masked and three visually impaired participants walked 10 m to reach a target destination in a corridor environment to evaluate the proposed device's effectiveness. Based on the results, the device can guide the user precisely. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Actuators

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An Innovative Smart Irrigation Using Embedded and Regression-Based Machine Learning Technologies for Improving Water Security and Sustainability

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 100731-100751页

作者： Abdennabi Morchid Abdennacer Elbasri Zahra Oughannou Hassan Qjidaa Rachid El Alami Badre Bossoufi Saleh Mobayen Paweł Skruch LIMAS Laboratory Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (SMBA) University Fes Morocco Department of Data Science Mundiapolis University of Casablanca Campus Nouaceur Casablanca Morocco Innovation in Mathematics and Intelligent Systems (IMIS) Laboratory Ibn Zohr University Agadir Morocco Systems and Sustainable Environment Laboratory (SED) Faculty of Engineering Sciences (FSI) Private University of Fez (UPF) Fes Morocco Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliu Taiwan Energy Systems Research Center Khazar University Baku Azerbaijan Department of Automatic Control and Robotics AGH University of Science and Technology Kraków Poland

Global agriculture is facing major challenges such as food security, sustainable water management, and the preservation of natural resources. Water scarcity, exacerbated by climate change, requires adopting more efficient agricultural practices. Traditional irrigation systems, often imprecise, contribute to water wastage. The use of embedded systems and machine learning offers a solution for optimizing irrigation according to local conditions and actual crop needs while contributing to food security and environmental sustainability. This study proposes an innovative approach to irrigation management, integrating real-time data and predictive models to improve irrigation efficiency. This study proposes an irrigation system based on embedded systems, using sensors and algorithms to collect and analyze data in order to optimize water management. The system adjusts irrigation levels according to specific crop needs, thus contributing to more sustainable water management. Using ML algorithms like linear regression algorithms to model the relationships between environmental factors and crop water requirements, enabling accurate prediction of required irrigation levels based on data collected by sensors. The use of embedded systems such as the ESP32, combined with temperature, humidity, and water level sensors, has enabled the development of an autonomous and efficient system for collecting data in real-time and processing it for decision-making. The proposed model has an MAE of 0.8434, an RMSE of 0.8434, and a coefficient (R2 Score) of 0.4044, offering soil moisture prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the training time of our model is 0.00253 seconds, while the prediction time is 0.00117 seconds. These results show not only the performance of the proposed model in terms of accuracy but also its computational efficiency, outperforming some of the studies mentioned. The results of the study show a significant reduction in water consumption, with a marked improvement in water

关键词： Climate change Embedded systems Smart agriculture Irrigation Food security Optimization methods Machine learning Machine learning algorithms Sustainable development Water resources Water monitoring Environmental management

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Accelerating Wireless Federated Learning via Nesterov's Momentum and Distributed Principle Component Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dong, Yanjie Wang, Luya Chi, Yuanfang Wang, Jia Zhang, Haijun Yu, Fei Richard Leung, Victor C.M. Hu, Xiping The Faculty of Engineering Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen China The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China The Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

A wireless federated learning system is investigated by allowing a server and workers to exchange uncoded information via orthogonal wireless channels. Since the workers frequently upload local gradients to the server via bandwidth-limited channels, the uplink transmission from the workers to the server becomes a communication bottleneck. Therefore, a one-shot distributed principle component analysis (PCA) is leveraged to reduce the dimension of uploaded gradients such that the communication bottleneck is relieved. A PCA-based wireless federated learning (PCA-WFL) algorithm and its accelerated version (i.e., PCA-AWFL) are proposed based on the low-dimensional gradients and the Nesterov's momentum. For the non-convex loss functions, a finite-time analysis is performed to quantify the impacts of system hyper-parameters on the convergence of the PCA-WFL and PCA-AWFL algorithms. The PCA-AWFL algorithm is theoretically certified to converge faster than the PCA-WFL algorithm. Besides, the convergence rates of PCA-WFL and PCA-AWFL algorithms quantitatively reveal the linear speedup with respect to the number of workers over the vanilla gradient descent algorithm. Numerical results are used to demonstrate the improved convergence rates of the proposed PCA-WFL and PCA-AWFL algorithms over the benchmarks. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Momentum

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Design Considerations for Electric Traction Power systems

Design Considerations for Electric Traction Power Systems

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IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC)

作者： Anindita Golder Jigyesh Sharma Kushan Tharuka Tarlochan Sidhu Sheldon S. Williamson Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Advanced Storage Systems and Electric Transportation (ASSET) Laboratory Ontario Tech-Automotive Center of Excellence (ACE) Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Smart Transportation Electrification and Energy Research (STEER) Group Ontario Tech University Oshawa ON Canada

There is growing interest in e-mobility which is not only limited to electric vehicles but also mass transit systems, heavy duty vehicles, off-road vehicles and so on. With the intense focus on sustainability and achieving net zero emissions, most transit systems will be electrified. The impact of mass transit electrification on the existing power system needs a thorough and detailed analysis. Also, the upgrade from fuel powered transit systems to electric transit systems needs to be done with minimal changes to the existing power network and maximum utilization of available resources in the transit system. Therefore, the study of electric transit systems, its impact on the power system and challenges that can arise from electrifying railways are presented in this paper.

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Breakdown of effective-medium theory by a photonic spin Hall effect

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第11期66卷 145-154页

作者： Shuaijie Yuan Xinxing Zhou Yu Chen Yuhan Zhong Lijuan Sheng Hao Hu Hongsheng Chen Ido Kaminer Xiao Lin Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsSchool of Physics and ElectronicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong ProvinceInstitute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and InstrumentationZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China International Joint Innovation Center Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang UniversityHaining314400China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics Ministry of EducationCollege of Electronic and Information EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing211106China Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices&Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang UniversityJinhua321099China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang UniversityShaoxing312000China Department of Electrical Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa32000Israel

Effective-medium theory pertains to the theoretical modelling of homogenization,which aims to replace an inhomogeneous structure of subwavelength-scale constituents with a homogeneous effective *** effective-medium theory is fundamental to various realms,including electromagnetics and material science,since it can largely decrease the complexity in the exploration of light-matter interactions by providing simple acceptable ***,the effective-medium theory is thought to be applicable to any all-dielectric system with deep-subwavelength constituents,under the condition that the effective medium does not have a critical angle,at which the total internal reflection *** we reveal a fundamental breakdown of the effective-medium theory that can be applied in very general conditions:showing it for deep-subwavelength all-dielectric multilayers even without a critical *** finding relies on an exotic photonic spin Hall effect,which is shown to be ultrasensitive to the stacking order of deep-subwavelength dielectric layers,since the spin-orbit interaction of light is dependent on slight phase accumulations during the wave *** results indicate that the photonic spin Hall effect could provide a promising and powerful tool for measuring structural defects for all-dielectric systems even in the extreme nanometer scale.

关键词： photonic spin Hall effect effective-medium theory spin-orbit interaction of light

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A Survey of Decision Making in Adversarial Games

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Xiuxian Meng, Min Hong, Yiguang Chen, Jie The Department of Control Science and Engineering College of Electronics and Information Engineering The Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai China The Institute for Advanced Study Tongji University Shanghai China

Game theory has by now found numerous applications in various fields, including economics, industry, jurisprudence, and artificial intelligence, where each player only cares about its own interest in a noncooperative or cooperative manner, but without obvious malice to other players. However, in many practical applications, such as poker, chess, evader pursuing, drug interdiction, coast guard, cyber-security, and national defense, players often have apparently adversarial stances, that is, selfish actions of each player inevitably or intentionally inflict loss or wreak havoc on other players. Along this line, this paper provides a systematic survey on three main game models widely employed in adversarial games, i.e., zero-sum normal-form and extensive-form games, Stackelberg (security) games, zero-sum differential games, from an array of perspectives, including basic knowledge of game models, (approximate) equilibrium concepts, problem classifications, research frontiers, (approximate) optimal strategy seeking techniques, prevailing algorithms, and practical applications. Finally, promising future research directions are also discussed for relevant adversarial games. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Game theory

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Recent Advancements in Vehicle to Vehicle Charging

Recent Advancements in Vehicle to Vehicle Charging

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International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive systems (PEDS)

作者： Anindita Golder Kushan Tharuka Lulbadda Tarlochan Sidhu Sheldon S. Williamson Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Smart Transportation Electrification and Energy Research (STEER) Group Advanced Storage Systems and Electric Transportation (ASSET) Laboratory Ontario Tech-Automotive Center of Excellence (ACE) Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Ontario Tech University Oshawa ON Canada

More and more electric vehicles and charging stations are penetrating into the power system today which introduce new challenges. As a result, the concept of vehicle to vehicle charging (V2V) is gaining interest. Therefore, it is important to understand the concept of V2V charging. In this paper, some of the recent developments in the area of vehicle to vehicle (V2V) charging are explored.

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Distributed formation control of networked mechanical systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2022年第13期55卷 294-299页

作者： N. Javanmardi P. Borja M.J. Yazdanpanah J.M.A. Scherpen Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Cognitive Robotics Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands Jan C. Wilems Center for Systems and Control ENTEG Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands

This paper investigates a distributed formation tracking control law for large-scale networks of mechanical systems. In particular, the formation network is represented by a directed communication graph with leaders and followers, where each agent is described as a port-Hamiltonian system with a constant mass matrix. Moreover, we adopt a distributed parameter approach to prove the scalable asymptotic stability of the network formation, i.e., the scalability with respect to the network size and the specific formation preservation. A simulation case illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.

关键词： Autonomous systems Cooperative control Networked control systems Large-scale systems Port-Hamiltonian systems Scalability

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Integration of ANN for Accurate Estimation and control in Wastewater Treatment

Integration of ANN for Accurate Estimation and Control in Wa...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Andreea Elena Țîru Iulian Vasiliev Larisa Diaconu Ramon Vilanova Daniel Voipan Harsha Ratnaweera Department of Automatic Control and Electrical Engineering "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi Galaţi Romania Department of Automation Systems and Advanced Control Research Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Computer Science and Information Technology "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi Galaţi Romania Faculty of Science and Technology (Realtek) Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway

The management of wastewater is a significant global concern that calls for innovative solutions to lessen its negative effects on the environment. Conventional techniques of treating wastewater need improvement in order to deal with newly discovered contaminants, which highlights the importance of providing precise estimates of process performance and resource requirements. The worsening water shortage situation requires a paradigm shift in which wastewater is viewed as a useful resource. It is possible to create an economy that is both sustainable and circular by treating and recycling wastewater, putting less pressure on freshwater supplies, and leaving as little of an environmental footprint as possible. This study investigates the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) as software estimators in the treatment of wastewater, with a particular emphasis on predicting ammonium concentrations in effluent. In order to deal with imbalanced time-series data, the research introduces innovative data pretreatment strategies. These techniques include a Sliding Window protocol, Data Normalization, and a K-Fold training scheme. This illustrates the potential of ANNs to revolutionize wastewater treatment procedures and drive developments in this field. The suggested method demonstrates higher performance when estimating pollutant concentrations, showing the ability of ANNs to do so.

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