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arXiv 2023年

作者： Muolo, Riccardo Njougouo, Thierry Gambuzza, Lucia Valentina Carletti, Timoteo Frasca, Mattia Department of Systems and Control Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8552 Japan Department of Mathematics University of Namur NamurB5000 Belgium naXys Namur Institute for Complex Systems University of Namur NamurB5000 Belgium Faculty of Computer Science University of Namur NamurB5000 Belgium Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Buea P.O. Box 63 Buea Cameroon Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Science Engineering University of Catania Catania95125 Italy Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica "A. Ruberti" IASI-CNR Roma00185 Italy

Chimera states are dynamical states where regions of synchronous trajectories coexist with incoherent ones. A significant amount of research has been devoted to study chimera states in systems of identical oscillators, non-locally coupled through pairwise interactions. Nevertheless, there is an increasing evidence, also supported by available data, that complex systems are composed by multiple units experiencing many-body interactions, that can be modeled by using higher-order structures beyond the paradigm of classic pairwise networks. In this work we investigate whether phase chimera states appear in this framework, by focusing on a novel topology solely involving many-body, non-local and non-regular interactions, hereby named non-local d-hyperring, being (d + 1) the order of the interactions. We present the theory by using the paradigmatic Stuart-Landau oscillators as node dynamics, and show that phase chimera states emerge in a variety of structures and with different coupling functions. For comparison, we show that, when higher-order interactions are"flattened" to pairwise ones, the chimera behavior is weaker and more elusive. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Dynamics

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Development of a Realistic Crowd Simulation Environment for Fine-grained Validation of People Tracking Methods

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Foszner, Pawel Szczęsna, Agnieszka Ciampi, Luca Messina, Nicola Cygan, Adam Bizon, Bartosz Cogiel, Michal Golba, Dominik Macioszek, Elżbieta Staniszewski, Michal Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Poland Institute of Information Science and Technologies National Research Council Pisa Italy QSystems.pro sp. z o.o. Mochnackiego 34 Bytom41-907 Poland Blees sp. z o.o. Zygmunta Starego 24a/10 Gliwice44-100 Poland Department of Transport Systems Traffic Engineering and Logistics Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering Silesian University of Technology Katowice Poland

Generally, crowd datasets can be collected or generated from real or synthetic sources. Real data is generated by using infrastructure-based sensors (such as static cameras or other sensors). The use of simulation tools can significantly reduce the time required to generate scenario-specific crowd datasets, facilitate data-driven research, and next build functional machine learning models. The main goal of this work was to develop an extension of crowd simulation (named CrowdSim2) and prove its usability in the application of people-tracking algorithms. The simulator is developed using the very popular Unity 3D engine with particular emphasis on the aspects of realism in the environment, weather conditions, traffic, and the movement and models of individual agents. Finally, three methods of tracking were used to validate generated dataset: IOU-Tracker, Deep-Sort, and Deep-TAMA. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

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Intermetallic disordered magnet Gd2Pt1.1Ge2.9 and its relation to other AlB2-type compounds

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Physical Review B 2022年第5期105卷 054427-054427页

作者： L. S. Litzbarski M. J. Winiarski T. Klimczuk M. Łapiński M. Pugaczowa-Michalska P. Skokowski B. Andrzejewski Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland Advanced Materials Center Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland Department of Mechatronics and High Voltage Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering Gdansk University of Technology Narutowicza 11/12 80-233 Gdansk Poland Institute of Molecular Physics Polish Academy of Science Smoluchowskiego 17 60-179 Poznan Poland

The intermetallic germanide Gd2Pt1.1Ge2.9 was synthesized using an arc-melting method. The crystal structure was characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, revealing a disordered ternary AlB2-type structure (space group P6/mmm, No. 191) with lattice parameters a=4.2092(1)Å and c=4.0546(2)Å. Physical properties were investigated by magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements, which indicated onset of antiferromagnetic order at Tt=8K. The obtained properties were compared with the ones reported for other members of the AlB2-type Gd2TGe3 (T=Ni, Cu, and Pd) family. The magnetic ordering in these compounds was discussed in terms of their crystal structure and the influence of Gd ions.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism Frustrated magnetism Magnetic susceptibility Antiferromagnets Disordered alloys Polycrystalline materials Rare-earth alloys Transition-metal rare-earth alloys AC susceptibility measurements Crystallography Density functional theory Magnetization measurements

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Hypothyroidism Prediction and Detection Using Machine Learning

Hypothyroidism Prediction and Detection Using Machine Learni...

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International Conference on engineering Technology and their Applications (IICETA)

作者： Hebatullah Mohammad Almahshi Esraa Abdallah Almasri Hiam Alquran Wan Azani Mustafa Ahmed Alkhayyat Department of Biomedical Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan Biomedical Systems and Medical Informatics Engineering Yarmouk University Irbid Jordan Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Univerisiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Pauh Putra Campus Arau Perlis Malaysia Advanced Computing Centre of Excellence Univerisiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Pauh Putra Campus Arau Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq

ISBN: (数字)9781665472159

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472166

The world is facing an increase in the incidence of thyroid diseases, including in Jordan as well, especially hypothyroidism. This condition can be diagnosed through blood samples to know the percentage of hormones (TSH, T3, and T4) and take the appropriate decision after that. The major goal of this study is to make diagnosis easier and reduce the risk of misdiagnosis, which happens all too often. Methods: The use of machine learning in the prediction of disease is a crucial step in the process of data analysis. This paper presents an analysis and classification model that takes into account the various factors involved in the prediction of disease. We applied a number of machine learning algorithms like support vector machine (SVM), Nave Bayes, decision trees, and ensemble to get the best prediction. The decision tree algorithm showed the highest accuracy and lowest cost with a percentage of 97.6 percent and 90, respectively. The results appeared in the form of three classes (compensated hypothyroidism, primary hypothyroidism, and negative). Conclusion: The best results were obtained at the milestone point in computer-aided diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Future work is considered to increase the number of cases that can be detected and diagnosed using machine learning.

关键词： Support vector machines Solid modeling Machine learning algorithms Databases Machine learning Medical services Predictive models

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Chronic Kidney Disease Detection Using Machine Learning Technique

Chronic Kidney Disease Detection Using Machine Learning Tech...

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International Conference on engineering Technology and their Applications (IICETA)

作者： Rama Al-Momani Ghada Al-Mustafa Razan Zeidan Hiam Alquran Wan Azani Mustafa Ahmed Alkhayyat Department of Biomedical Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan Biomedical Systems and Medical Informatics Engineering Yarmouk University Irbid Jordan Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technology Univerisiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Pauh Putra Campus Arau Perlis Malaysia Advanced Computing Centre of Excellence Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Pauh Putra Campus Arau Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq

ISBN: (数字)9781665472159

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472166

chronic kidney disease is a disorder that disables normal kidney function. The WHO has shown that CKD is a serious disease, ranked as one of the top twenty causes of death. It is recognized that2 million people worldwide suffer from kidney failure and the number of patients diagnosed with CDK continues to expand at a rate of 5-7% annually. late diagnosis of this disease is a life-threatening problem, which, often occurs in remote areas due to the lack of specialized medical personnel, in addition to the high cost of diagnosis. This paper aims at early detection of CDK using machine learning algorithms Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machine, and k-Nearest Neighbor. The importance of AI is reflected in the importance of identifying these typically fatal ailments. This study looks at a data set consisting of 400 samples and 13 features. The three classification techniques were evaluated by applying them to the data. The results show that the ANN classifier achieved the best accuracy at 99.2%.

关键词： Machine learning algorithms Costs Support vector machine classification Artificial neural networks Machine learning Personnel Kidney

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The multifaceted role of post-translational modifications of LSD1 in cellular processes and disease pathogenesis

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Genes & Diseases 2025年第3期12卷 168-179页

作者： Yinrui Li Bo Wang Yichao Zheng Huiqin Kang Ang He Lijuan Zhao Ningjie Guo Hongmin Liu Adil Mardinoglu M.A.A.Mamun Ya Gao Xiaobing Chen Department of Oncology The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University&Henan Cancer HospitalHenan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer&Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal CancerZhengzhouHenan 450008China State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention&Treatment Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation TechnologiesMinistry of Education of ChinaKey Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality Control and EvaluationZhengzhouHenan 450001China Institute of Drug Discovery and Development School of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450001China Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences State Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Prevention and TreatmentZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450001China Science for Life Laboratory KTH e Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE-10044Sweden Faculty of Dentistry Oral&Craniofacial SciencesCentre for Host-Microbiome InteractionsKing’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUK

Post-translational modifications(PTMs)of proteins play a crucial role in living organisms,altering the properties and functions of *** are over 450 known PTMs involved in various life ***1(lysine-specific demethylase 1)is the first identified histone demethylase that can remove monomethylation or dimethylation modifications from histone H3 lysine K4(H3K4)and histone H3 lysine K9(H3K9).This ability of LSD1 allows it to inhibit or activate ***1 has been found to abnormally express at the protein level in various tumors, making it relevant to multiple diseases. As a PTM enzyme, LSD1 itself undergoes various PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, methylation, SUMOylation, and S-nitrosylation, influencing its activity and function. Dysregulation of thesePTMs has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders,neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and bone diseases. Understanding the speciesof PTMs and functions regulated by various PTMs of LSD1 provides insights into its involvementin diverse physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we discuss the structuralcharacteristics of LSD1 and amino acid residues that affect its enzyme activity. We also summarize the potential PTMs that occur on LSD1 and their involvement in cellular ***, we describe human diseases associated with abnormal expression of LSD1. Thiscomprehensive analysis sheds light on the intricate interplay between PTMs and the functionsof LSD1, highlighting their significance in health and diseases.

关键词： Enzyme activity Histone demethylase Human diseases LSD1 Post-translational

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Non-proteolytic ubiquitination of HBx controls HBV replication

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 338-342页

作者： Xiangpeng Sheng Yi Yang Min Zhu Linlin Zhou Fang Zhu Yuanfei Zhu Siying Dong Hui Kong Honghua Wang Ji Jiang Mingyue Wan Mingyang Feng Qiang Deng Yumin Xu Qing You Ronggui Hu State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHarbin 150069China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Department of Thoracic Surgery Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Department of Pathogenic Biology West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China School of Medicine Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE&MOH) School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Hospital Infection Management Department of Infectious DiseasesRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Dear Editor,Although effective vaccines and antiviral therapies are available,hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is still a serious global health *** HBV infection remains the principal cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HBV is a small DNA virus,owning a~3.2 kb genome that encodes several proteins:viral DNA polymerase,core antigen(HBcAg),E antigen(HBeAg),three surface antigens(PreS1/PreS2/HBsAg),and a regulatory X protein(HBx)(Lamontagne et al.,2016).X protein,named for its lack of homology with any known proteins,is a 154 aa protein that plays an essential role in HBV biology and regulates the development of HCC(Yang et al.,2022).Although previous studies have strongly expanded our understanding of HBx,the regulation of HBx is not completely elucidated.

关键词： infection cirrhosis

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Enhanced domain wall conductivity in photosensitive ferroelectrics Sn_(2)P_(2)S_(6) with full-visible-spectrum absorption

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science China Materials 2022年第4期65卷 1049-1056页

作者： Jianming Deng Xing’an Jiang Yanyu Liu Wei Zhao Gang Tang Yun Li Sheng Xu Jinchen Wang Cheng Zhu Meixia Wu Jing Wang Zishuo Yao Qi Chen Xiaolei Wang Tian-Long Xia Xueyun Wang Jiawang Hong School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials&Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872China Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China College of Physics and Optoelectronics Faculty of ScienceBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

Recent optical stimulation suggests a vital non-contact pathway to manipulate both macroscopic and microscopic ferroelectric properties and paves the foundation for optoelectronics ***,up to date,most optical-related manipulation of ferroelectric properties is restricted due to their intrinsic bandgap and limited visible light spectrum ***,we reveal non-oxide Sn_(2)P_(2)S_(6) single crystal possesses full-visible-spectrum absorption(from 300 to 800 nm)with a unique disproportionation mechanism of photoexcited Sn ions and Urbach tail,which is not contradicting to the intrinsic band ***,we observed the existence of conductive domain walls(c-DW)and the light illumination induced significant enhancement of the domain wall conductivity caused by such disproportionation *** addition,the domains separated by c-DW also exhibited noticeable electrical conductivity difference in the presence of optical illumination owing to the interfacial polarization charge with opposite *** result provides a novel opportunity for understanding the electrical conductivity behavior of the domains and domain walls in ferroelectrics with full-visible-spectrum absorption and achieving greatly enhanced performances for optoelectronics.

关键词： Sn_(2)P_(2)S_(6) ferroelectricity conductive domain walls full-visible-spectrum absorption

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Telescope Array Cloud Ranging Test 37

Telescope Array Cloud Ranging Test

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： Okuda, Takeshi Abbasi, R.U. Abe, M. Abu-Zayyad, T. Allen, M. Arai, Y. Barcikowski, E. Belz, J.W. Bergman, D.R. Blake, S.A. Buckland, I. Cady, R. Cheon, B.G. Chiba, J. Chikawa, M. Fujii, T. Fujisue, K. Fujita, K. Fujiwara, R. Fukushima, M. Fukushima, R. Furlich, G. Gonzalez, R. Hanlon, W. Hayashi, M. Hayashida, N. Hibino, K. Higuchi, R. Honda, K. Ikeda, D. Inadomi, T. Inoue, N. Ishii, T. Ito, H. Ivanov, D. Iwakura, H. Jeong, H.M. Jeong, S. Jui, C.C.H. Kadota, K. Kakimoto, F. Kalashev, O. Kasahara, K. Kasami, S. Kawai, H. Kawakami, S. Kawana, S. Kawata, K. Kido, E. Kim, H.B. Kim, J.H. Kim, M.H. Kim, S.W. Kimura, Y. Kishigami, S. Kubota, Y. Kurisu, S. Kuzmin, V. Kuznetsov, M. Kwon, Y.J. Lee, K.H. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lundquist, J.P. Machida, K. Matsumiya, H. Matsuyama, T. Matthews, J.N. Mayta, R. Minamino, M. Mukai, K. Myers, I. Nagataki, S. Nakai, K. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakazawa, A. Nonaka, T. Oda, H. Ogio, S. Ohnishi, M. Ohoka, H. Oku, Y. Omura, Y. Ono, M. Onogi, R. Oshima, A. Ozawa, S. Park, I.H. Potts, M. Pshirkov, M.S. Remington, J. Rodriguez, D.C. Rubtsov, G.I. Ryu, D. Sagawa, H. Sahara, R. Saito, Y. Sakaki, N. Sako, T. Sakurai, N. Sano, K. Sato, K. Seki, T. Sekino, K. Shah, P.D. Shibasaki, Y. Shibata, F. Shibata, N. Shibata, T. Shimodaira, H. Shin, B.K. Shin, H.S. Shinto, D. Smith, J.D. Sokolsky, P. Sone, N. Stokes, B.T. Stroman, T.A. Suzawa, T. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, Y. Takamura, M. Takeda, M. Takeishi, R. Taketa, A. Takita, M. Tameda, Y. Tanaka, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanoue, Y. Thomas, S.B. Thomson, G.B. Tinyakov, P. Tkachev, I. Tokuno, H. Tomida, T. Troitsky, S. Tsuda, R. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, Y. Udo, S. Uehama, T. Urban, F. Wong, T. Yada, K. Yamamoto, M. Yamazaki, K. Yang, J. Yashiro, K. Yoshida, F. Yoshioka, Y. Zhezher, Y. Zundel, Z. Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL United States The Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Saitama Japan High Energy Astrophysics Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT United States Graduate School of Science Osaka City University Osaka Osaka Japan Department of Physics The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Physics Tokyo University of Science Chiba Noda Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa Japan The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho Sakyo-ku Kyoto Japan Todai Institutes for Advanced Study University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa Japan Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Shinshu University Nagano Nagano Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Kofu Japan Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Saitama Wako Japan Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon Korea Republic of Department of Physics Tokyo City University Setagaya-ku Tokyo Japan Institute for Nuclear Research The Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Minato-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communication University Neyagawa-shi Osaka Japan Department of Physics Chiba University Chiba Chiba Japan Service de Physique Théorique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Physics Yonsei University Seodaemun-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Center for Astrophysics and

The Telescope Array (TA) experiment detects air-showers induced by ultra high energy cosmic rays. The TA atmospheric Fluorescence telescopic Detector(TAFD) observes cosmic ray airshower, which is incident very far from the telescope. The observation does not take place in overcast night. However, the cloud status changes quickly and sometimes there are some isolated clouds. If the cloud is behind the airshower as viewed from the TAFD, the cloud presents no problem for airshower reconstruction. However if the cloud obscures the airshower, it does create a problem for airshower reconstruction. The problematic event can be rejected by airshower profile at reconstruction. However, the estimation of exposure with isolated cloud is difficult. And it should be affected more at higher energy event with relatively further from the telescope, which is lower statistics and more important for the ultra high energy cosmic ray physics. Therefore, to test the method for evaluating the correction of exposure, we installed stereo cloud cameras near one of FD sites. I report the status of the study of the Telescope Array Cloud Ranging Test. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Telescopes

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A study of the systematic effects on the energy scale for the measurement of UHECR spectrum by the TA SD array 38

A study of the systematic effects on the energy scale for th...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Fujita, Keitaro Ogio, Shoichi Abbasi, R.U. Abe, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Allen, M. Arai, Y. Arimura, R. Barcikowski, E. Belz, J.W. Bergman, D.R. Blake, S.A. Buckland, I. Cheon, B.G. Chikawa, M. Fedynitch, A. Fujii, T. Fujisue, K. Fujita, K. Fujiwara, R. Fukushima, M. Furlich, G. Gerber, Z. Globus, N. Hanlon, W. Hayashida, N. He, H. Hibi, R. Hibino, K. Higuchi, R. Honda, K. Ikeda, D. Inoue, N. Ishii, T. Ito, H. Ivanov, D. Iwasaki, A. Jeong, H.M. Jeong, S. Jui, C.C.H. Kadota, K. Kakimoto, F. Kalashev, O. Kasahara, K. Kasami, S. Kawakami, S. Kawata, K. Kharuk, I. Kido, E. Kim, H.B. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.W. Kimura, Y. Komae, I. Komori, K. Kusumori, Y. Kuznetsov, M. Kwon, Y.J. Lee, K.H. Lee, M.J. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lundquist, J.P. Matsuyama, T. Matthews, J.A. Matthews, J.N. Mayta, R. Miyashita, K. Mizuno, K. Mori, M. Murakami, M. Myers, I. Nagataki, S. Nakai, K. Nakamura, T. Nishio, E. Nonaka, T. Ogio, S. Ohoka, H. Okazaki, N. Oku, Y. Okuda, T. Omura, Y. Onishi, M. Ono, M. Oshima, A. Oshima, H. Ozawa, S. Park, I.H. Park, K.Y. Potts, M. Pshirkov, M.S. Remington, J. Rodriguez, D.C. Rott, C. Rubtsov, G.I. Ryu, D. Sagawa, H. Saito, R. Sakaki, N. Sako, T. Sakurai, N. Sato, D. Sato, K. Sato, S. Sekino, K. Shah, P.D. Shibata, N. Shibata, T. Shikita, J. Shimodaira, H. Shin, B.K. Shin, H.S. Shinto, D. Smith, J.D. Sokolsky, P. Stokes, B.T. Stroman, T.A. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, K. Takamura, M. Takeda, M. Takeishi, R. Taketa, A. Takita, M. Tameda, Y. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Thomas, S.B. Thomson, G.B. Tinyakov, P. Tkachev, I. Tokuno, H. Tomida, T. Troitsky, S. Tsuda, R. Tsunesada, Y. Udo, S. Urban, F. Vaiman, I.A. Warren, D. Wong, T. Yamazaki, K. Yashiro, K. Yoshida, F. Zhezher, Y. Zundel, Z. Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL60660 United States Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano380-8554 Japan High Energy Astrophysics Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112-0830 United States Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Department of Physics The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul426-791 Korea Republic of Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei City115201 Taiwan Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama221-8686 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Kofu400-8511 Japan The Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Saitama338-8570 Japan Department of Physics SungKyunKwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Tokyo City University Setagaya-ku Tokyo158-8557 Japan Institute for Nuclear Research The Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow117312 Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Minato-ku Tokyo337-8570 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communication University Neyagawa-shi Osaka572-8530 Japan Service de Physique Théorique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Physics Yonsei University Seodaemun-gu Seoul120-749 Korea Republic of Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology

We evaluated the systematic deviation of energy scales for the energy spectrum of the highest energy cosmic rays observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector array due to differences in atmospheric fluorescence yield and missing energy estimation. The energy dependence on the energy scales is also investigated and observationally confirmed by the constant intensity cut method analysis. The results of these studies will be presented. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmology

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