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21st IFAC World Congress 2020

作者： Xuan, Weihao Ren, Ruijie Paré, Philip E. Ye, Mengbin Ruf, Sebastian Liu, Ji School of Mechanical Engineering University of Leeds United Kingdom Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Faculty of Science and Engineering ENTEG University of Groningen Netherlands Center for Complex Networks Research Department of Psychology Northeastern University United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University United States

This paper proposes a network continuous-time susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model coupled with individual opinion dynamics, where the opinion dynamics models an individual's perceived severity of illness or perceived susceptibility. The effects of opinion dynamics on the network SIS model are studied by analyzing the limiting behaviors of the system model, equilibria of the system and their stability. Copyright © 2020 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

关键词： Dynamics

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Intelligent gradient amplification for deep neural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Basodi, Sunitha Pusuluri, Krishna Xiao, Xueli Pan, Yi Georgia State University Georgia Institute of Technology Emory University 55 Park Place AtlantaGA30303 United States Department of Computer Science Georgia State University 25 Park Place NE AtlantaGA30303 United States Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen University Town Room D513 1068 Xueyuan Avenue Shenzhen518055 China

Deep learning models offer superior performance compared to other machine learning techniques for a variety of tasks and domains, but pose their own challenges. In particular, deep learning models require larger training times as the depth of a model increases, and suffer from vanishing gradients. Several solutions address these problems independently, but there have been minimal efforts to identify an integrated solution that improves the performance of a model by addressing vanishing gradients, as well as accelerates the training process to achieve higher performance at larger learning rates. In this work, we intelligently determine which layers of a deep learning model to apply gradient amplification to, using a formulated approach that analyzes gradient fluctuations of layers during training. Detailed experiments are performed for simpler and deeper neural networks using two different intelligent measures and two different thresholds that determine the amplification layers, and a training strategy where gradients are amplified only during certain epochs. Results show that our amplification offers better performance compared to the original models, and achieves accuracy improvement of ∼2.5% on CIFAR-10 and ∼4.5% on CIFAR-100 datasets, even when the models are trained with higher learning rates. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Backpropagation

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Millisecond-Order Temporal-Resolution Synchrotron X-ray Tomography without Sample Rotation 14

Millisecond-Order Temporal-Resolution Synchrotron X-ray Tomo...

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14th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation, SRI 2021

作者： Yashiro, Wataru Liang, Xiaoyu Voegeli, Wolfgang Arakawa, Etsuo Shirasawa, Tetsuroh Kajiwara, Kentaro Fujii, Katsuya Hashimoto, Koh Kudo, Hiroyuki Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai980-8577 Japan Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai980-8577 Japan Department of Applied Physics School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Physics Tokyo Gakugei University 4-1-1 Nukuikita-Machi Tokyo184-8501 Japan National Metrology Institute of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 5-2-2107 1-1-1 Higashi Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8565 Japan Sayo Hyogo679-5198 Japan Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba305-8573 Japan

A multi-beam optics consisting of curved crystals with blades for a white synchrotron X-ray beam from a bending magnet was developed, and millisecond-order temporal-resolution X-ray tomography with a voxel size of 20 μm was successfully realized without sample rotation. The multi-beam optics opens the spatio-temporal frontier of X-ray tomography for unrepeatable and nonequilibrium systems and is expected to be applied to various fields in materials and life sciences. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Imaging systems

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Communication Experiment of Iridium Satellite and Super Pressure Balloon over Antarctica

Communication Experiment of Iridium Satellite and Super Pres...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on Microwave

作者： Takana Kaho Yoshitaka Saito Yoshihiro Tomikawa Faculty of Engineering Shonan Institute of Technology Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Sagamihara City Kanagawa Japan National Institute of Polar Research Tokyo Japan Department of Polar Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI Tokyo Japan Polar Environment Data Science Center Research Organization of Information and Systems Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9784902339567

ISBN: (纸本)9781665451086

An experiment (LODEWAVE) was conducted from January to February 2022 to measure the atmospheric gravity wave over the Antarctica using a super pressure balloon and the PANSY radar located at Syowa Station in the Antarctica. The short burst communication of the Iridium satellite was used for communication with the balloon. In this paper, we report the experimental results on the error of the position information of the balloon and the communication quality due to the use of Iridium over Antarctica.

关键词： Satellites Thermometers Atmospheric measurements Spaceborne radar Redundancy Extraterrestrial measurements Antarctica

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Potential of fat-soluble vitamins as a platform for antiviral drug development

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Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2025年 127卷 130292页

作者： Hirota, Yoshihisa Okamoto, Mika Baba, Masanori Suhara, Yoshitomo Laboratory of Biochemistry Department of Bioscience and Engineering College of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology 307 Fukasaku Minuma-ku Saitama 337-8570 Japan Division of Infection Control Research Center for Advanced Science Research and Promotion Kagoshima University 1-21-24 Korimoto Kagoshima 890-8580 Japan Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Medicinal Chemistry Department of Bioscience and Engineering College of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology 307 Fukasaku Minuma-ku Saitama 337-8570 Japan

Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, exhibit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, making them promising candidates for antiviral drug development. This review highlights their structural features, biological roles, and antiviral potential. Vitamin A derivatives modulate immunity and inhibit viral replication, including SARS-CoV-2. Vitamin D analogs enhance immune responses and target viral enzymes, while vitamin E derivatives reduce oxidative stress and may directly inhibit viral replication. Emerging research on vitamin K derivatives suggests potential antiviral applications. These findings underscore the potential of fat-soluble vitamins as innovative antiviral agents, warranting further investigation to optimize efficacy and clinical use. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Antiviral effect Derivatives Fat-soluble vitamins Immunomodulatory Structure-activity relationship

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Infrared upconversion imaging in nonlinear metasurfaces

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advanced Photonics 2021年第3期3卷 83-92页

作者： Rocio Camacho-Morales Davide Rocco Lei Xu Valerio Flavio Gili Nikolay Dimitrov Lyubomir Stoyanov Zhonghua Ma Andrei Komar Mykhaylo Lysevych Fouad Karouta Alexander Dreischuh Hark Hoe Tan Giuseppe Leo Costantino De Angelis Chennupati Jagadish Andrey E.Miroshnichenko Mohsen Rahmani Dragomir N.Neshev The Australian National University Research School of PhysicsARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical SystemsDepartment of Electronic Materials EngineeringCanberraACTAustralia University of Brescia Department of Information EngineeringBresciaItaly University of New South Wales School of Engineering and Information TechnologyCanberraACTAustralia Nottingham Trent University School of Science and TechnologyAdvanced Optics and Photonics LaboratoryDepartment of EngineeringNottinghamUnited Kingdom UniversitéParis Diderot Matériaux et Phénomènes QuantiquesParisFrance Friedrich Schiller University Jena Institute of Applied PhysicsAbbe Center of PhotonicsJenaGermany Sofia University Department of Quantum ElectronicsFaculty of PhysicsSofiaBulgaria

Infrared imaging is a crucial technique in a multitude of applications,including night vision,autonomous vehicle navigation,optical tomography,and food quality *** infrared imaging technologies,however,require the use of materials such as narrow bandgap semiconductors,which are sensitive to thermal noise and often require cryogenic *** demonstrate a compact all-optical alternative to perform infrared imaging in a metasurface composed of GaAs semiconductor nanoantennas,using a nonlinear wave-mixing *** experimentally show the upconversion of short-wave infrared wavelengths via the coherent parametric process of sum-frequency *** this process,an infrared image of a target is mixed inside the metasurface with a strong pump beam,translating the image from the infrared to the visible in a nanoscale ultrathin imaging *** results open up new opportunities for the development of compact infrared imaging devices with applications in infrared vision and life sciences.

关键词： metasurfaces nonlinear optical processes infrared photonics imaging.

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Cosmic-Ray Modulation during Solar Cycles 24-25 Transition Observed with CALET on the International Space Station 38

Cosmic-Ray Modulation during Solar Cycles 24-25 Transition O...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Miyake, Shoko Munakata, Kazuoki Akaike, Yosui Adriani, O. Akaike, Y. Asano, K. Asaoka, Y. Berti, E. Bigongiari, G. Binns, W.R. Bongi, M. Brogi, P. Bruno, A. Cannady, N. Castellini, G. Checchia, C. Cherry, M.L. Collazuol, G. de Nolfo, G.A. Ebisawa, K. Ficklin, A.W. Fuke, H. Gonzi, S. Guzik, T.G. Hams, T. Hibino, K. Ichimura, M. Ioka, K. Ishizaki, W. Israel, M.H. Kasahara, K. Kataoka, J. Kataoka, R. Katayose, Y. Kato, C. Kawanaka, N. Kawakubo, Y. Kobayashi, K. Kohri, K. Krawczynski, H.S. Krizmanic, J.F. Maestro, P. Marrocchesi, P.S. Messineo, A.M. Mitchell, J.W. Miyake, S. Moiseev, A.A. Mori, M. Mori, N. Motz, H.M. Munakata, K. Nakahira, S. Nishimura, J. Okuno, S. Ormes, J.F. Ozawa, S. Pacini, L. Papini, P. Rauch, B.F. Ricciarini, S.B. Sakai, K. Sakamoto, T. Sasaki, M. Shimizu, Y. Shiomi, A. Spillantini, P. Stolzi, F. Sugita, S. Sulaj, A. Takita, M. Tamura, T. Terasawa, T. Torii, S. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, Y. Vannuccini, E. Wefel, J.P. Yamaoka, K. Yanagita, S. Yoshida, A. Yoshida, K. Zober, W.V. Ibaraki College Department of Industrial Engineering 866 Nakane Ibaraki Hitachinaka312-8508 Japan Shinshu University Faculty of Science 3-1-1 Asahi Matsumoto Nagano390-8621 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency EM Utilization Center Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate 2-1-1 Sengen Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8505 Japan Department of Physics University of Florence Via Sansone 1 Sesto Fiorentino50019 Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze Via Sansone 1 Sesto Fiorentino50019 Italy Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University 17 Kikuicho Shinjuku Tokyo162-0044 Japan JEM Utilization Center Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8505 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Via Madonna del Piano 10 Sesto Fiorentino50019 Italy Department of Physical Sciences Earth and Environment University of Siena via Roma 56 Siena53100 Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa Polo Fibonacci Largo B. Pontecorvo 3 Pisa56127 Italy Department of Physics McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences Washington University One Brookings Drive St. LouisMO63130-4899 United States Heliospheric Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle BaltimoreMD21250 United States Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University 202 Nicholson Hall Baton RougeLA70803 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

We present the solar modulation of electrons and protons observed by the CALorimetric Electron Telescope onboard the International Space Station for about 7 years since October 2015, during the transition phase from the descending phase of the 24th solar cycle to the ascending phase of the 25th solar cycle. The observed variations of electron and proton count rates at an identical average rigidity of 3.8 GV show a clear charge-sign dependence of the solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), which is consistent with the prediction of a numerical drift model of the GCR transport in the heliosphere. It is also found that the ratio of 3.8 GV proton count rate to the neutron monitor count rate in the ascending phase of solar cycle 25 is clearly different from that in the descending phase of cycle 24. Correlations between the electron (proton) count rate and the heliospheric environmental parameters, such as the current sheet tilt angle, are a useful tool in further developing a numerical model of solar modulation. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmology

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A Hybrid Adaptive Filter for Head Tracking in Augmented Reality (AR)-based Flight Simulators

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IEEE Transactions on Computers 2025年

作者： Nwobodo, Onyeka J. Kuaban, Godlove Suila Nkemeni, Valery Wereszczynski, Kamil Cyran, Krzysztof A. Silesian University of Technology Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Gliwice Poland Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics Poland University of Buea Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology Buea Cameroon

This paper presents a novel approach for head tracking in augmented reality (AR) flight simulators using an adaptive fusion of Kalman and particle filters. This fusion dynamically balances the strengths of both algorithms, leveraging Kalman filters for computational efficiency and particle filters for handling non-linearities based on real-time factors such as sensor noise and head movement patterns. Our method demonstrates superior tracking precision and reduced latency, making it particularly effective for immersive pilot training in AR-based flight simulations. While focused on flight simulation, our approach holds high potential for broader applications in other AR and virtual reality (VR) environments where precise, real-time head tracking is crucial. These results provide actionable design guidance for developers optimizing tracking systems in environments that require fast response times and high accuracy. Future extensions of this research could explore the generalization of our approach across diverse AR applications, including human-computer interaction (HCI), medical simulations, and gaming. © 1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Flight simulators

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Microwave heating as a universal method to transform confined molecules into armchair graphene nanoribbons

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Haoyuan Chen, Yingzhi Tang, Kunpeng Lin, Ziheng Li, Xuan Zhang, Hongwei Zhang, Yifan Saito, Takeshi Wong, Chi Ho Leung, Chi Wah Mak, Chee Leung Hu, Yuan Cui, Weili Cao, Kecheng Shi, Lei State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Nanotechnology Research Center Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou510275 China Huzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials and Pollution Control School of Engineering Huzhou University Huzhou313000 China Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8565 Japan Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China

Armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) with sub-nanometer width are potential materials for fabrication of novel nanodevices thanks to their moderate direct band gaps. AGNRs are usually synthesized by polymerizing precursor molecules on substrate surface. However, it is time-consuming and not suitable for large-scale production. AGNRs can also be grown by transforming precursor molecules inside single-walled carbon nanotubes via furnace annealing, but the obtained AGNRs are normally twisted. In this work, microwave heating is applied for transforming precursor molecules into AGNRs. The fast heating process allows synthesizing the AGNRs in seconds. Several different molecules were successfully transformed into AGNRs, suggesting that it is a universal method. More importantly, as demonstrated by Raman spectroscopy, aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and theoretical calculations, less twisted AGNRs are synthesized by the microwave heating than the furnace annealing. Our results reveal a route for rapid production of AGNRs in large scale, which would benefit future applications in novel AGNRs-based semiconductor devices. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy

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Isotropy of Cosmic Rays beyond 1020 eV Favors Their Heavy Mass Composition

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第4期133卷 041001-041001页

作者： R. U. Abbasi Y. Abe T. Abu-Zayyad M. Allen Y. Arai R. Arimura E. Barcikowski J. W. Belz D. R. Bergman S. A. Blake I. Buckland B. G. Cheon M. Chikawa T. Fujii K. Fujisue K. Fujita R. Fujiwara M. Fukushima G. Furlich N. Globus R. Gonzalez W. Hanlon N. Hayashida H. He R. Hibi K. Hibino R. Higuchi K. Honda D. Ikeda N. Inoue T. Ishii H. Ito D. Ivanov A. Iwasaki H. M. Jeong S. Jeong C. C. H. Jui K. Kadota F. Kakimoto O. Kalashev K. Kasahara S. Kasami S. Kawakami K. Kawata I. Kharuk E. Kido H. B. Kim J. H. Kim S. W. Kim Y. Kimura I. Komae V. Kuzmin M. Kuznetsov Y. J. Kwon K. H. Lee B. Lubsandorzhiev J. P. Lundquist H. Matsumiya T. Matsuyama J. N. Matthews R. Mayta K. Mizuno M. Murakami I. Myers S. Nagataki K. Nakai T. Nakamura E. Nishio T. Nonaka H. Oda S. Ogio M. Onishi H. Ohoka N. Okazaki Y. Oku T. Okuda Y. Omura M. Ono A. Oshima H. Oshima S. Ozawa I. H. Park K. Y. Park M. Potts M. S. Pshirkov J. Remington D. C. Rodriguez C. Rott G. I. Rubtsov D. Ryu H. Sagawa R. Saito N. Sakaki T. Sako N. Sakurai D. Sato K. Sato S. Sato K. Sekino P. D. Shah N. Shibata T. Shibata J. Shikita H. Shimodaira B. K. Shin H. S. Shin D. Shinto J. D. Smith P. Sokolsky B. T. Stokes T. A. Stroman Y. Takagi K. Takahashi M. Takamura M. Takeda R. Takeishi A. Taketa M. Takita Y. Tameda K. Tanaka M. Tanaka Y. Tanoue S. B. Thomas G. B. Thomson P. Tinyakov I. Tkachev H. Tokuno T. Tomida S. Troitsky R. Tsuda Y. Tsunesada S. Udo F. Urban D. Warren T. Wong K. Yamazaki K. Yashiro F. Yoshida Y. Zhezher Z. Zundel Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago Chicago Illinois 60660 USA Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano 380-8554 Japan High Energy Astrophysics Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah 84112-0830 USA Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka 558-8585 Japan Department of Physics and The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul 426-791 Korea Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8582 Japan Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka 558-8585 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei City 115201 Taiwan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Yokohama Kanagawa 221-8686 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Kofu Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan The Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Saitama 338-8570 Japan Department of Physics SungKyunKwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon 16419 Korea Department of Physics Tokyo City University Setagaya-ku Tokyo 158-8557 Japan Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312 Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Minato-ku Tokyo 337-8570 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communication University Hatsu-cho Neyagawa-shi Osaka 572-8530 Japan Service de Physique Théorique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels 1050 Belgium Department of Physics Yonsei University Seodaemun-gu Seoul 120-749 Korea Center for Astrophysics and Cosmology University of Nova Gorica Nova Gorica 5297 Slovenia Faculty of Science Kochi University Kochi Kochi 780-8520 Japan Department of P

We report an estimation of the injected mass composition of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) at energies higher than 10 EeV. The composition is inferred from an energy-dependent sky distribution of UHECR events observed by the Telescope Array surface detector by comparing it to the Large Scale Structure of the local Universe. In the case of negligible extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMFs), the results are consistent with a relatively heavy injected composition at E∼10 EeV that becomes lighter up to E∼100 EeV, while the composition at E>100 EeV is very heavy. The latter is true even in the presence of highest experimentally allowed extragalactic magnetic fields, while the composition at lower energies can be light if a strong EGMF is present. The effect of the uncertainty in the galactic magnetic field on these results is subdominant.

关键词： Cosmic ray composition & spectra Cosmic ray sources Cosmic rays & astroparticles

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