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Photocathode characterisation for robust PICOSEC Micromegas precise-timing detectors

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lisowska, M. Aleksan, R. Angelis, Y. Aune, S. Bortfeldt, J. Brunbauer, F. Brunoldi, M. Chatzianagnostou, E. Datta, J. Dehmelt, K. Fanourakis, G. Ferry, S. Fiorina, D. Floethner, K.J. Gallinaro, M. Garcia, F. Giomataris, I. Gnanvo, K. Iguaz, F.J. Janssens, D. Kallitsopoulou, A. Kovacic, M. Kross, B. Lai, C.C. Legou, P. Liu, J. Lupberger, M. Maniatis, I. McKisson, J. Meng, Y. Muller, H. De Oliveira, R. Oliveri, E. Orlandini, G. Pandey, A. Papaevangelou, T. Pomorski, M. Robert, M. Ropelewski, L. Sampsonidis, D. Scharenberg, L. Schneider, T. Scorsone, E. Sohl, L. van Stenis, M. Tsipolitis, Y. Tzamarias, S. Utrobicic, A. Vai, I. Veenhof, R. Viezzi, L. Vitulo, P. Volpato, C. Wang, X. White, S. Xi, W. Zhang, Z. Zhou, Y. Geneve 23 1211 Switzerland Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Department of Physics Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus ThessalonikiGR-54124 Greece Thessaloniki57001 Greece Department for Medical Physics Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Am Coulombwall 1 Garching85748 Germany Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pavia Via Bassi 6 Pavia27100 Italy INFN Sezione di Pavia Via Bassi 6 Pavia27100 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794-3800 United States Jefferson Lab 12000 Jefferson Avenue Newport NewsVA23606 United States Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics NCSR Demokritos Agia Paraskevi AttikiGR-15341 Greece Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik University of Bonn Nußallee 14–16 Bonn53115 Germany Laboratório de Instrumentacão e Física Experimental de Partículas Lisbon Portugal Helsinki Institute of Physics University of Helsinki HelsinkiFI-00014 Finland University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Zagreb10000 Croatia Partikelgatan 2 Lund224 84 Sweden State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Physikalisches Institut University of Bonn Nußallee 12 Bonn53115 Germany Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schloßplatz 4 Erlangen91054 Germany CEA-LIST Diamond Sensors Laboratory CEA Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Queen’s University KingstonON Canada National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Rud¯er Bošković Institute Bijenička cesta 54. Zagreb10000 Croatia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Florence Via Giovanni Sansone 1 Sesto Fiorentino50019 Italy University of Virginia United States

The PICOSEC Micromegas detector is a precise-timing gaseous detector based on a Cherenkov radiator coupled with a semitransparent photocathode and a Micromegas amplifying structure, targeting a time resolution of tens of picoseconds for minimum ionising particles. Initial single-pad prototypes have demonstrated a time resolution below σ = 25 ps, prompting ongoing developments to adapt the concept for High Energy Physics applications, where sub-nanosecond precision is essential for event separation, improved track reconstruction and particle identification. The achieved performance is being transferred to robust multi-channel detector modules suitable for large-area detection systems requiring excellent timing precision. To enhance the robustness and stability of the PICOSEC Micromegas detector, research on robust carbon-based photocathodes, including Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) and Boron Carbide (B4C), is pursued. Results from prototypes equipped with DLC and B4C photocathodes exhibited a time resolution of σ ≈ 32 ps and σ ≈ 34.5 ps, respectively. Efforts dedicated to improve detector robustness and stability enhance the feasibility of the PICOSEC Micromegas concept for large experiments, ensuring sustained performance while maintaining excellent timing precision. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Boron carbide

Roadmap for Sustainable Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conducting Membranes

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Advanced Functional Materials 2022年第6期32卷 2105702-2105702页

作者： Chen, Guoxing Feldhoff, Armin Weidenkaff, Anke Li, Claudia Liu, Shaomin Zhu, Xuefeng Sunarso, Jaka Huang, Kevin Wu, Xiao-Yu Ghoniem, Ahmed F. Yang, Weishen Xue, Jian Wang, Haihui Shao, Zongping Duffy, Jack H. Brinkman, Kyle S. Tan, Xiaoyao Zhang, Yan Jiang, Heqing Costa, Rémi Friedrich, Kaspar Andreas Kriegel, Ralf Fraunhofer Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies IWKS Brentanostraße 2a Alzenau63755 Germany Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Leibniz University Hannover Callinstr. 3A Hannover30167 Germany Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 Darmstadt64287 Germany Research Centre for Sustainable Technologies Faculty of Engineering Computing and Science Swinburne University of Technology Jalan Simpang Tiga Sarawak Kuching93350 Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing100029 China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian116023 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of Waterloo 200 University Ave W WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology South China University of Technology Guangzhou510640 China Department of Chemical Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Western Australia School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin University PerthWA6102 Australia College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing210009 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29634 United States State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Department of Chemical Engineering Tianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin300

Mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) membranes have gained growing interest recently for various promising environmental and energy applications, such as H2 and O2 production, CO2 reduction, O2 and H2 separation, CO2 separation, membrane reactors for production of chemicals, cathode development for solid oxide fuel cells, solar-driven evaporation and energy-saving regeneration as well as electrolyzer cells for power-to-X technologies. The purpose of this roadmap, written by international specialists in their fields, is to present a snapshot of the state-of-the-art, and provide opinions on the future challenges and opportunities in this complex multidisciplinary research field. As the fundamentals of using MIEC membranes for various applications become increasingly challenging tasks, particularly in view of the growing interdisciplinary nature of this field, a better understanding of the underlying physical and chemical processes is also crucial to enable the career advancement of the next generation of researchers. As an integrated and combined article, it is hoped that this roadmap, covering all these aspects, will be informative to support further progress in academics as well as in the industry-oriented research toward commercialization of MIEC membranes for different applications. © 2021 The Authors. Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH

关键词： Carbon dioxide

A lyapunov-based small-gain theorem for infinite networks

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Kawan, Christoph Mironchenko, Andrii Swikir, Abdalla Noroozi, Navid Zamani, Majid Institute of Informatics Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Germany Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Passau Passau94032 Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Munich Germany Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg Laboratory for Systems Theory and Automatic Control Magdeburg Germany Computer Science Department University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Computer Science Department Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Germany

This paper presents a small-gain theorem for networks composed of a countably infinite number of finite-dimensional subsystems. Assuming that each subsystem is exponentially input-to-state stable, we show that if the gain operator, collecting all the information about the internal Lyapunov gains, has a spectral radius less than one, the overall infinite network is exponentially input-to-state stable. The effectiveness of our result is illustrated through several examples including nonlinear spatially invariant systems with sector nonlinearities and a road traffic *** Codes 37B25, 37L15, 93D05, 93A15 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large scale systems

Single channel PICOSEC Micromegas detector with improved time resolution

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Utrobicic, A. Aleksan, R. Angelis, Y. Bortfeldt, J. Brunbauer, F. Brunoldi, M. Chatzianagnostou, E. Datta, J. Dehmelt, K. Fanourakis, G. Fiorina, D. Floethner, K.J. Gallinaro, M. Garcia, F. Giomataris, I. Gnanvo, K. Iguaz, F.J. Janssens, D. Kallitsopoulou, A. Kovacic, M. Kross, B. Legou, P. Lisowska, M. Liu, J. Lupberger, M. Maniatis, I. McKisson, J. Meng, Y. Muller, H. Oliveri, E. Orlandini, G. Pandey, A. Papaevangelou, T. Pomorski, M. Ropelewski, L. Sampsonidis, D. Scharenberg, L. Schneider, T. Sohl, L. van Stenis, M. Tsipolitis, Y. Tzamarias, S.E. Vai, I. Veenhof, R. Vitulo, P. Wang, X. White, S. Xi, W. Zhang, Z. Zhou, Y. Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička cesta 54 Zagreb10000 Croatia Department of Physics Aristotle University of Thessaloniki University Campus ThessalonikiGR-54124 Greece Department for Medical Physics Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Am Coulombwall 1 Garching85748 Germany Geneve 23CH-1211 Switzerland Stony Brook University Dept. of Physics and Astronomy Stony BrookNY11794-3800 United States Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics NCSR Demokritos Attiki Agia ParaskeviGR-15341 Greece Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik University of Bonn Nußallee 14–16 Bonn53115 Germany Laboratório de Instrumentacão e Física Experimental de Partículas Lisbon Portugal Helsinki Institute of Physics University of Helsinki HelsinkiFI-00014 Finland IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Jefferson Lab 12000 Jefferson Avenue Newport NewsVA23606 United States University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Zagreb10000 Croatia Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Physikalisches Institut University of Bonn Nußallee 12 Bonn53115 Germany Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Schloßplatz 4 Erlangen91054 Germany CEA-LIST Diamond Sensors Laboratory CEA Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Thessaloniki57001 Greece National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pavia Via Bassi 6 IT Pavia27100 Italy INFN Sezione di Pavia Via Bassi 6 IT Pavia27100 Italy

This paper presents design guidelines and experimental verification of a single-channel PICOSEC Micromegas (MM) detector with an improved time resolution. The design encompasses the detector board, vessel, auxiliary mechanical parts, and electrical connectivity for high voltage (HV) and signals, focusing on improving stability, reducing noise, and ensuring signal integrity to optimize timing performance. A notable feature is the simple and fast reassembly procedure, facilitating quick replacement of detector internal components that allows for an efficient measurement strategy involving different detector components. The paper also examines the influence of parasitics on the output signal integrity. To validate the design, a prototype assembly and three interchangeable detector boards with varying readout pad diameters were manufactured. The detectors were initially tested in the laboratory environment. Finally, the timing performance of detectors with different pad sizes was verified using a Minimum Ionizing Particle (MIP) beam test. Notably, a record time resolution for a PICOSEC Micromegas detector technology with a CsI photocathode of 12.5±0.8 ps was achieved with a 10 mm diameter readout pad size detector. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Photocathodes

The Brain Tumor Sequence Registration (BraTS-Reg) Challenge: Establishing Correspondence Between Pre-Operative and Follow-up MRI Scans of Diffuse Glioma Patients

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Baheti, Bhakti Chakrabarty, Satrajit Akbari, Hamed Bilello, Michel Wiestler, Benedikt Schwarting, Julian Calabrese, Evan Rudie, Jeffrey Abidi, Syed Mousa, Mina Villanueva-Meyer, Javier Fields, Brandon K.K. Kofler, Florian Shinohara, Russell Takeshi Iglesias, Juan Eugenio Mok, Tony C.W. Chung, Albert C.S. Wodzinski, Marek Jurgas, Artur Marini, Niccolò Atzori, Manfredo Müller, Henning Grosbröhmer, Christoph Siebert, Hanna Hansen, Lasse Heinrich, Mattias P. Canalini, Luca Klein, Jan Gerken, Annika Heldmann, Stefan Hering, Alessa Hahn, Horst K. Meng, Mingyuan Bi, Lei Feng, Dagan Kim, Jinman Zeineldinal, Ramy A. Karar, Mohamed E. Mathis-Ullrich, Franziska Burgert, Oliver Abderezaei, Javid Pionteck, Aymeric Chopra, Agamdeep Kurt, Mehmet Yan, Kewei Yan, Yonghong Tang, Zhe Ma, Jianqiang Nasser, Sahar Almahfouz Kurian, Nikhil Cherian Meena, Mohit Shamsi, Saqib Sethi, Amit Tustison, Nicholas J. Avants, Brian B. Cook, Philip Gee, James C. Tian, Lin Greer, Hastings Niethammer, Marc Hoopesar, Andrew Hoffmannas, Malte Dalcaar, Adrian V. Christodoulidis, Stergios Estiene, Théo Vakalopoulou, Maria Paragios, Nikos Marcus, Daniel S. Davatzikos, Christos Sotiras, Aristeidis Menze, Bjoern Bakas, Spyridon Waldmannstetter, Diana Division of Computational Pathology Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisIN United States Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States GE HealthCare San RamonCA United States University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine St. LouisMO United States Institute for Informatics Data Science & Biostatistics Washington University School of Medicine St. LouisMO United States Department of Bioengineering Santa Clara University Santa ClaraCA United States Department of Quantitative Biomedicine University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Computer Science TUM School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology School of Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital Regensburg Regensburg Germany University Hospital Regensburg Regensburg Germany Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging University of California San FranciscoCA United States Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center DurhamNC United States Department of Radiology University of California San DiegoCA United States Helmholtz AI Helmholtz Munich Neuherberg Germany Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School United States Centre for Medical Imaging Computing University College London United Kingdom The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong University of Applied Sciences West

Registration of longitudinal brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans containing pathologies is challenging due to dramatic changes in tissue appearance. Although there has been considerable progress in developing general-purpose medical image registration techniques, they have not yet attained the requisite precision and reliability for this task, highlighting its inherent complexity. Here we describe the Brain Tumor Sequence Registration (BraTS-Reg) challenge, as the first public benchmark environment for deformable registration algorithms focusing on estimating correspondences between pre-operative and follow-up scans of the same patient diagnosed with a diffuse brain glioma. The challenge was conducted in conjunction with both the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) 2022 and the International Conference on Medical Image computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) 2022. The BraTS-Reg data comprise de-identified multi-institutional multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) scans, curated for size and resolution according to a canonical anatomical template, and divided into training, validation, and testing sets. Clinical experts annotated ground truth (GT) landmark points of anatomical locations distinct across the temporal domain. The training data with their GT annotations, were publicly released to enable the development of registration algorithms. The validation data, without their GT annotations, were also released to allow for algorithmic evaluation prior to the testing phase, which only allowed submission of containerized algorithms for evaluation on hidden hold-out testing data. Quantitative evaluation and ranking was based on the Median Euclidean Error (MEE), Robustness, and the determinant of the Jacobian of the displacement field. The top-ranked methodologies yielded similar performance across all evaluation metrics and shared several methodological commonalities, including pre-alignment, deep neural networks, inverse consistency

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

FAIR Principles:Interpretations and Implementation Considerations

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Data Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 10-29,293-302,322页

作者： Annika Jacobsen Ricardo de Miranda Azevedo Nick Juty Dominique Batista Simon Coles Ronald Cornet Melanie Courtot Merce Crosas Michel Dumontier Chris T.Evelo Carole Goble Giancarlo Guizzardi Karsten Kryger Hansen Ali Hasnain Kristina Hettne Jaap Heringa Rob W.W.Hooft Melanie Imming Keith G.Jeffery Rajaram Kaliyaperumal Martijn GKersloot Christine R.Kirkpatrick Tobias Kuhn Ignasi Labastida Barbara Magagna PeterMcQuilton Natalie Meyers Annalisa Montesanti Mirjam van Reisen Philippe Rocca-Serra Robert Pergl Susanna-Assunta Sansone Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos Juliane Schneider George Strawn Mark Thompson Andra Waagmeester Tobias Weigel Mark D.Wilkinson Egon L.Willighagen Peter Wittenburg Marco Roos Barend Mons Erik Schultes Leiden University Medical Center Leiden2333 ZAThe Netherlands Institute of Data Science Maastricht UniversityUniversiteitssingel 60Maastricht 6229 ERThe Netherlands Department of Computer Science The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Oxford e-Research Centre Department of Engineering SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13PJUK School of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSO171BJUK Amsterdam UMC University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1000 GGThe Netherlands European Bioinformatics Institute(EMBL-EBI) HinxtonCambridgeCB101SDUK Harvard University CambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA Department of Bioinformatics–BiGCaT NUTRIMMaastricht UniversityMaastricht 6229 ERThe Netherlands Conceptual and Cognitive Modeling Research Group(CORE) Free University of Bozen-BolzanoBolzano 39100Italy Aalborg University Aalborg DK-9220Denmark Insight Centre for Data Analytics National University of Ireland GalwayH91 TK33Ireland Centre for Digital Scholarship Leiden University LibrariesLeiden2333 ZAThe Netherlands Department of Computer Science Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 11051081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Dutch Techcentre for Life Sciences(DTL) UtrechtThe Netherlands SURF Utrecht 3511 EPThe Netherlands Keith G Jeffery Consultants FaringdonUK Castor EDC Paasheuvelweg 25Wing 5D1105 BPAmsterdamThe Netherlands San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California San DiegoLa JollaCalifornia 92093USA Learning and Research Resources Centre(CRAI) Universitat de Barcelona08007 BarcelonaSpain Environment Agency Austria A-1090 ViennaAustria University of Notre Dame 75004 ParisFrance Health Research Board(HRB) Dublin 2DO2 H638Ireland Liacs Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden University2311 GJ LeidenThe Netherlands Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Information Technology(FIT CTU)16000 Prague 6Czech Republic GO FAIR International Support&Coordination Office(GFISCO) LeidenThe Netherlands Harvard Catalys

The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in *** intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and Reusability of digital *** has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIR principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIR ***,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible ***,while the FAIR principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-*** introduce the concept of FAIR implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIR *** self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the ***,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIR principle.

关键词： FAIR guiding principles FAIR implementation FAIR convergence FAIR communities choices and challenges

Effects of Implantation Temperature and Annealing on the Microstructural Evolution of Hydrogen- And Helium-Implanted 6h-Sic

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SSRN

SSRN 2019年

作者： Daghbouj, N. Li, B.S. Callisti, M. Sen, H.S. Karlik, M. Polcar, T. Department of Materials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Trojanova 13 Prague 2120 00 Czech Republic State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and Technology Sichuan Mianyang621010 China Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge 27 Charles Babbage Road CambridgeCB3 0FS United Kingdom Department of Control Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Technická 2 Prague 6160 00 Czech Republic

The influence of the irradiation temperature (from room temperature (RT) up to 900°C) and subsequent annealing (400 to 1500°C) on the microstructure of hydrogen and helium implanted 6H-SiC was studied by Rutherford backscattering/channeling (RBS/C), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The behavior of implanted hydrogen and helium ions in the 6H-SiC lattice was rather different. In the case of hydrogen implanted with low fluence at RT, blisters were formed after annealing at 1100°C, while at high implantation fluence no blister cavities were observed due to the formation of an amorphous layer. At an implantation temperature of 900°C amorphisation of 6H-SiC did not occur and hydrogen-containing microcracks grew laterally below the surface. Thus blisters appeared on the surface even without annealing, as a result of the vertical stress exerted by pressurized microcracks. For helium implantation, regardless of the fluence and implantation temperature, blisters did not form. For implantation temperatures below 750°C, helium was trapped in bubbles which increased in size after annealing (especially bubbles located around the He concentration peak). On the other hand, for an implantation temperature of 750°C, helium was trapped in platelets (even for medium fluence), which evolved into bubble clusters during annealing. The presented results are well supported by density functional theory (DFT) simulations describing the migration of hydrogen and helium atoms in the 6H-SiC crystal lattice. © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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INTRODUCTION

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S1-S11页

作者： Boyer, T. Blunden, J. Dunn, R.J.H. NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Silver Spring Maryland NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Prediction Center College Park Maryland Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg Germany Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA/OAR Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Center for Geophysical Research and School of Physics University of Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais CEMADEN São Paulo Brazil Université Grenoble Alpes Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement IRD CNRS Grenoble INP Grenoble France Hampton University Hampton Virginia Seychelles Meteorological Authority Mahe Seychelles Section for Glaciers Ice and Snow Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Oslo Norway National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú Lima Perú Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department o

In 2023, La Niña conditions that generally prevailed in the eastern Pacific Ocean from mid-2020 into early 2023 gave way to a strong El Niño by October. Atmospheric concentrations of Earth’s major greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all increased to record-high levels. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere rose to 419.3±0.1 ppm, which is 50% greater than the pre-industrial level. The growth from 2022 to 2023 was 2.8 ppm, the fourth highest in the record since the 1960s. The combined short-term effects of El Niño and the long-term effects of increasing levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere contributed to new records for many essential climate variables reported here. The annual global temperature across land and oceans was the highest in records dating as far back as 1850, with the last seven months (June–December) having each been record warm. Over land, the globally averaged temperature was also record high. Dozens of countries reported record or near-record warmth for the year, including China and continental Europe as a whole (warmest on record), India and Russia (second warmest), and Canada (third warmest). Intense and widespread heatwaves were reported around the world. In Vietnam, an all-time national maximum temperature record of 44.2°C was observed at Tuong Duong on 7 May, surpassing the previous record of 43.4°C at Huong Khe on 20 April 2019. In Brazil, the air temperature reached 44.8°C in Araçuaí in Minas Gerais on 20 November, potentially a new national record and 12.8°C above normal. The effect of rising temperatures was apparent in the cryosphere, where snow cover extent by June 2023 was the smallest in the 56-year record for North America and seventh smallest for the Northern Hemisphere overall. Heatwaves contributed to the greatest average mass balance loss for Alpine glaciers around the world since the start of the record in 1970. Due to rapid volume loss beginning in 2021, St. A

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Erratum to: Search for single top-quark production via flavour-changing neutral currents at 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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The European Physical Journal C 2022年第1期82卷 1-15页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abdallah, J. Abdinov, O. Aben, R. Abolins, M. AbouZeid, O. S. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abreu, R. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B. S. Adamczyk, L. Adams, D. L. Adelman, J. Adomeit, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A. A. Agatonovic-Jovin, T. Agricola, J. Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A. Ahlen, S. P. Ahmadov, F. Aielli, G. Akerstedt, H. Åkesson, T. P. A. Akimov, A. V. Alberghi, G. L. Albert, J. Albrand, S. Alconada Verzini, M. J. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I. N. Alexa, C. Alexander, G. Alexopoulos, T. Alhroob, M. Alimonti, G. Alio, L. Alison, J. Alkire, S. P. Allbrooke, B. M. M. Allport, P. P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Altheimer, A. Alvarez Gonzalez, B. Álvarez Piqueras, D. Alviggi, M. G. Amadio, B. T. Amako, K. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Amelung, C. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S. P. Amorim, A. Amoroso, S. Amram, N. Amundsen, G. Anastopoulos, C. Ancu, L. S. Andari, N. Andeen, T. Anders, C. F. Anders, G. Anders, J. K. Anderson, K. J. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Angelidakis, S. Angelozzi, I. Anger, P. Angerami, A. Anghinolfi, F. Anisenkov, A. V. Anjos, N. Annovi, A. Antonelli, M. Antonov, A. Antos, J. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aperio Bella, L. Arabidze, G. Arai, Y. Araque, J. P. Arce, A. T. H. Arduh, F. A. Arguin, J-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arik, M. Armbruster, A. J. Arnaez, O. Arnal, V. Arnold, H. Arratia, M. Arslan, O. Artamonov, A. Artoni, G. Asai, S. Asbah, N. Ashkenazi, A. Åsman, B. Asquith, L. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N. B. Augsten, K. Aurousseau, M. Avolio, G. Axen, B. Ayoub, M. K. Azuelos, G. Baak, M. A. Baas, A. E. Baca, M. J. Bacci, C. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Backhaus, M. Bagiacchi, P. Bagnaia, P. Bai, Y. Bain, T. Baines, J. T. Baker, O. K. Baldin, E. M. Balek, P. Balestri, T. Balli, F. Banas, E. Banerjee, Sw. Bannoura, A. A. E. Bansil, H. S. Barak, L. Barberio, E. L. Barberis, D. Barbero, M. Barillari, T. Barisonzi, M. Barklow, T. Barlow, N. Barnes, S. L. Barnett, B. M. Barnett, R. M. Barnovska, Z. Baroncelli, A. Barone, G. Barr, A. J. Barreiro, F. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J. Bartol CPPM Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman USA Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East Lansing USA Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Canada Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion: Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Center for High Energy Physics University of Oregon Eugene USA Department of Physics Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden The Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm Sweden INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy Department of Physics King’s College London London UK AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Kraków Poland Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton USA Department of Physics Northern Illinois University De Kalb USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Munich Germany Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot UK Oliver Lodge Laboratory University of Liverpool Liverpool UK Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia II Physikalisches Institut Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Germany Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas-LIP Lisbon Portugal Departamento de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos and CAFPE Universidad de Granada Granada Spain Department of Physics Boston University Boston USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research JINR Dubna Dubna Russia INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Rome Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Roma Tor Vergata Rome Italy Fysiska institutionen Lunds uni