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Dempster-shafer deep capsule attention model (DDCAM)

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-29页

作者： Mehravaran, Zahra Ghanizadeh, Ahmad Navid Hamidzadeh, Javad Harati, Ahad Mashhad Iran Department of Computer Science Saarland University Saarbrücken Germany Faculty of Computer Engineering and Information Technology Sadjad University Mashhad Iran

A capsule neural network faces significant challenges in achieving high accuracy on complex datasets due to its high computational complexity and limited ability to represent features. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a novel framework, Dempster-Shafer Deep Capsule Attention Model (DDCAM), that combines 3D convolution with attention mechanisms to improve feature representation. This model utilizes the Dempster-Shafer Theory to manage uncertainty and optimize feature selection, resulting in more reliable and accurate learning. In this architecture, dense capsule blocks are used to improve gradient flow and mitigate the effects of vanishing gradients. The DDCAM consistently outperforms state-of-the-art capsule networks on a wide range of datasets, especially complex datasets such as MNIST, CIFAR10, SVHN, and Fashion MNIST. DDCAM improves accuracy by 1.29% on CIFAR10 and 0.76% on SVHN compared to existing models, while achieving precision improvements of 1.22% and 1.08% on CIFAR10 and SVHN, respectively. Additionally, experiments conducted on the AffNIST dataset demonstrate the robustness of DDCAM in handling affine transformations, where it achieved significantly higher accuracy compared to existing models. These results illustrate the model’s enhanced ability to capture complex data relationships and improve both accuracy and precision, advancing capsule neural network performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Affine transforms

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Digital Touchpoints: Generating Synthetic Data for Elderly Smartphone Interactions

Digital Touchpoints: Generating Synthetic Data for Elderly S...

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11th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Ageing Well and e-Health, ICT4AWE 2025

作者： Maqbool, Bilal Herold, Sebastian Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Health Science and Technology Karlstad University Karlstad Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587436

Context: Ensuring smartphone interfaces are usable and accessible is essential for elderly users, particularly those with motor impairments, who face challenges with touchscreen interactions. Problem: Hand tremors and limited motor control can hinder touchscreen accuracy and efficiency. Meanwhile, recruiting elderly participants for usability studies can be challenging, often resulting in limited interaction data. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate elderly users’ smartphone interaction patterns, identify key challenges, and generate synthetic data to address data scarcity for usability research. Method: A custom-designed mobile app collected interaction data from 51 elderly participants performing tapping, dragging, and tracing tasks. Hand steadiness was assessed using accelerometer data. Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models were used to generate synthetic datasets replicating user interaction patterns. Results: Users with shaky hands struggled with precision tasks, especially involving smaller GUI elements, while larger elements improved performance. Continuous control was also found to be challenging in tracing tasks. Synthetic datasets successfully replicated spatial, temporal, and distributional metrics, demonstrating potential utility in future usability evaluation research. Conclusions: Inclusive GUI designs and adaptive features can improve accessibility for the elderly with limited motor control. Synthetic data can offer a potential solution for further usability evaluation research in building AI-driven design evaluation tools, reducing reliance on resource-intensive participant recruitment in earlier prototypes. Future work should examine diverse tasks and scenarios and involve people with severe motor impairments. Copyright © 2025 by SCITEPRESS - science and technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Usability engineering

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A Review on the Applications of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Skin Cancer Detection 4

A Review on the Applications of Machine Learning and Deep Le...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Wanjari, Ketan Verma, Prateek Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Maharashtra Wardha442001 India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Maharashtra Wardha442001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

Skin cancer is the most commonly reported type of cancer globally and one of the few cancers that can be effectively treated if detected in its early stages. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly improved skin cancer diagnosis through Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models. This review explores ML and DL methodologies, including Random Forest, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Inception Networks, ResNets, and Support Vector Machines (SVMs), which have been widely used for automated diagnosis. However, existing AI-based systems face several challenges, including the need for balanced datasets, model interpretability issues, computational complexity, and difficulties in generalizing across diverse populations. Moreover, multimodal detection systems and Explainable AI (XAI) present additional challenges in making AI-driven diagnoses more reliable and transparent. This article discusses these challenges while also highlighting emerging techniques that integrate multiple data sources and individualized diagnostic tools to enhance precision. By addressing these challenges, this review aims to provide insights into the practical advancements and future directions of AI in skin cancer detection and treatment. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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A Review on the Applications of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Algorithms for Image Recognition 4

A Review on the Applications of Machine Learning and Deep Le...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Wanjari, Ketan Verma, Prateek Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Maharashtra Wardha442001 India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Faculty of Engineering and Technology Maharashtra Wardha442001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

Modern image recognition has experienced dramatic improvements because of Machine Learning and Deep Learning algorithms together. This study investigates CNNs and SVMs for recognition enhancement while reviewing image recognition technologies extensively through literature. This paper demonstrates how the applications of healthcare and security systems and social media analysis influence society. New developments in technology have not resolved multiple unresolved obstacles such as data bias as well as computational complexity and privacy concerns together with real-time processing restrictions. The latest image processing techniques include ViTs alongside GANs and Few-Shot Learning but developers need to achieve better results in future improvements. The main goal of this research examines present-day advancements in ML and DL with a review of their capabilities as well as constraints before recommending future study paths to overcome problems encountered today. This paper evaluates both the future potential and benefits alongside drawbacks of ML and DL models applied to image recognition. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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A Comparative Study of Deep Learning and Modern Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Australia's Precipitation

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International Journal of Advanced computer science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 943-966页

作者： Farman, Hira Mastoi, Qurat-Ul-Ain Abbas, Qaiser Ahmad, Saad Alshahrani, Abdulaziz Jan, Salman Syed, Toqeer Ali Department of Computer Science Iqra University Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology Karachi74600 Pakistan School of Computing and Creative Technologies University of the West of England Bristol United Kingdom Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of Madinah Madinah42351 Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer Science IQRA University Karachi Pakistan Faculty of Computer Studies Arab Open University 512 United Kingdom Islamic University of Madinah CO 42351 Madinah Saudi Arabia

Floods are chaotic weather patterns that cause irreversible and devastating harm to people's lives, crops, and the socioeconomic system. It causes extensive property damage, animal mortality, and even human fatalities. To mitigate the risk of flooding, it is imperative to create an early warning system that can accurately forecast the amount of rain that will fall tomorrow. Rainfall forecasting is essential to the lives of people and is absolutely important everywhere in the world. The rainfall prediction model reduces risk and helps to prevent further human deaths. Statistics cannot reliably forecast rainfall since the atmosphere is dynamic. Due to the preceding factors, this study uses machine learning and deep learning techniques to estimate precipitation. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a prediction model for forecasting rainfall of 5 cities of Australia (Darwin, Sydney, Perth airport, Melbourne, Brisbane). The Dataset was gathered from the national meteo-rological organization of Australia is the Australian Government Bureau of Meteorology, also known as the BOM. To monitor and forecast meteorological conditions, climatic trends, and natural calamities like cyclones, storms, floods, the Bureau of Meteorology is essential. The dataset includes 14, 5460 size, 23 features detailed city-specific monthly averages for Australia from 2008 to 2017(10 years). An effective rainfall forecasting was produced by integration of a number of Machine Learning and Deep Learning techniques, including Random Forest model (RF), Decision Tree (DT) and Gradient Boosting classifier (GBC), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). The models were trained to forecast rainfall, reducing the potential impact of floods. Results indicate that combining neural networks and Random Forests provides the most accurate predictions. © (2025), (science and Information Organization). All rights reserved.

关键词： Rain

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3D Palmprint MCI Synthesis for 2D-3D Heterogeneous Palmprint Recognition 18th

3D Palmprint MCI Synthesis for 2D-3D Heterogeneous Palmprin...

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18th Chinese Conference on Biometric Recognition, CCBR 2024

作者： Su, Le Fei, Lunke Zhao, Shuping Li, Shuyi Wei, Jia School of Computer Science and Technology Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819610679

Cross-2D-to-3D (2D-3D) heterogeneous palmprint recognition aims to matching a 2D palmprint probe with the 3D palmprint galleries, which shows great potential for biometric applications due to rich information of 3D images and the low-cost of 2D image acquisition. However, the large structural discrepancy between 2D and 3D palmprint images makes it hard to directly conduct matching between 2D-3D heterogeneous palmprint images. In this paper, we propose a palmprint image generative adversarial network (PIGAN) to convert 2D palmprint images into 3D domain for 2D-3D heterogeneous palmprint recognition. We first calculate the mean curvature images (MCIs) to present the 3D palm surface measurements of 3D palmprint images. Then, we employ an image-to-image generation backbone to transform 2D palmprint images into 3D MCI representations. To make the fake MCIs realistic, we impose both adversarial and identity-aware learning losses to protect the discriminative information of MCIs, and further introduce a visual-recovery loss to restore the visual-specific texture characteristics of palmprints. By this way, high-quality 3D palmprint MCI can be synthesized with high similarity as the real ones at both feature and visual levels, such that the pixel-level gap between 2D and 3D palmprint images can be effectively reduced for 2D-3D heterogeneous palmprint recognition. Extensive experimental results on the widely-used PolyU 2D-3D palmprint database clearly show the effectiveness of the proposed PIGAN in improving the performance of 2D-3D heterogeneous palmprint recognition. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Palmprint recognition

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Topology-adaptive Bayesian optimization for deep ring echo state networks in speech emotion recognition

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第1期37卷 399-416页

作者： Soltani, Rebh Benmohamed, Emna Ltifi, Hela University of Sfax BP 1173 Sfax3038 Tunisia Department of computer science Onaizah college of Engineering and Information Technology Oniazah colleges Saudi Arabia Computer Science and Mathematics Department Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Sidi Bouzid University of Kairouan Kairouan Tunisia

Speech emotion recognition is a difficult task that is gaining attention in a variety of domains, including psychology, human–computer interaction, and speech processing. To recognize speech emotions, machine learning techniques such as convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory networks have been successfully used. However, these models often fail to capture the long-term temporal dynamics of emotional speech. In this work, data augmentation was performed on all datasets. The generated result was used to extract the discriminant features. Then we apply a deep echo state network with a ring topology. The Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm was applied to the spectral radius of the reservoir matrix. Our approach reveals term-weighted and unweighted accuracies of (75.45%, 74.79%), (86.89%, 86.14%), (98.99%, 97.62%), and (62%, 61.24%) on EMO-DB, SAVEE, RAVDESS, and TESS datasets. The findings demonstrate that by using BO, we are able to determine an optimal spectral radius. Therefore, this approach balances the minimal complexity of reservoir design and high emotion recognition accuracy. Notably, we demonstrate that a simple, deterministically constructed cycle reservoir within DRESN is comparable to other methodologies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Bayesian networks

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Transmission scheme based on collaborative AUV communication 16

Transmission scheme based on collaborative AUV communication

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16th International Conference on Signal Processing Systems, ICSPS 2024

作者： Sun, Jiahao Qi, Chao Liu, Zengli Zhao, Xuanzhi Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650500 China Computer Center Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510689251

Underwater wireless sensor networks can monitor ocean information, which provides a new approach to marine environmental monitoring, disaster warning and resource exploration. However, the development of underwater wireless sensing networks is limited by factors such as ocean currents and limited energy of the sensors themselves. Based on this situation, this paper proposes a transmission scheme based on collaborative communication with autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), in which autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are used as a tool for distributed data collection and forwarding, which can solve the problem of imbalanced energy consumption of sensor nodes in the traditional multi-hop underwater communication network. At the same time, we consider the influence of ocean currents on the node positions to maximize the imitation of the real underwater environment, and the simulation results show that the proposed transmission scheme for collaborative communication with AUVs can significantly prolong the service life of underwater sensor networks. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Autonomous underwater vehicles

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Enhancing Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models For Depression Detection: A Focus on SMOTE, RoBERTa, and CNN-LSTM

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第14期49卷 1-18页

作者： Taoussi, Chaimae Lyaqini, Soufiane Metrane, Abdelmoutalib Hafidi, Imad Laboratory of Process Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics University Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal Morocco Faculty of Sciences and Technology Cadi Ayyad University Marrakech Morocco

Depression is a major public health concern, affecting millions worldwide, and necessitates early, accurate detection for timely intervention. This study focuses on enhancing machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models for improved accuracy in depression detection using the Counsel Chat Dataset. To address the challenges of class imbalance, we employed advanced preprocessing techniques, including the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE), alongside model fine-tuning and architectural optimizations. Our results demonstrated significant performance improvements, particularly with transformerbased models and hybrid architectures. RoBERTa, a transformer-based model, achieved an accuracy of 91.55%, an F1-score of 0.91, and a recall of 92.10%, outperforming state-of-the-art approaches. Similarly, CNN-LSTM attained an accuracy of 91.67% with a 95% CI of (0.8987, 0.9312), while XGBoost achieved the highest accuracy among ML models at 93.06%, with a 95% CI of (0.921, 0.941). Statistical tests validated the superiority of these models, with p-values of 5.48e-13 for RoBERTa and 3.41e-16 for XGBoost. These findings underscore the pivotal role of data augmentation and preprocessing in creating balanced datasets and enhancing the predictive capabilities of AI models for depression detection. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Neuroadaptive Containment Control for Nonlinear Multiagent Systems With Input Saturation: An Event-Triggered Communication Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems 2025年第5期55卷 3163-3173页

作者： Wang, Xin Zhang, Sen Li, Huaqing Zhang, Wei Li, Hongyi Huang, Tingwen Southwest University College of Electronic and Information Engineering Chongqing400715 China Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen518055 China

In this article, a neuroadaptive event-triggered containment control strategy combined with the dynamic surface control (DSC) approach is proposed for nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) with input saturation. Based on the event-triggered communication mechanisms, the updates of neural network weight and controllers are implemented solely under triggering conditions of violation, which markedly reduces unnecessary communication resources and minimizes inefficient control costs compared with the traditional control method. Radial basis function neural networks (RBF NNs) are employed to handle the nonlinear uncertainties of MASs. Simultaneously, an adaptive compensatory mechanism is incorporated within the backstepping process to address the nonlinear effect posed by input saturation. Additionally, we demonstrate the system stability by extending the Lyapunov theorem to jump and continuous scenarios while excluding Zeno behavior, realizing that all followers can enter the convex hull constructed by leaders. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is verified through application simulations. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Radial basis function networks

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