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Hardware Implementation of the Digital Signal Processing Algorithms in Recurrent Signal Processor on FPGA

Russian Microelectronics 2023年第7期52卷 641-647页

作者： Stepchenkov, Yu. A. Morozov, N.V. Diachenko, Yu. G. Khilko, D.V. Stepchenkov, D. Yu. Shikunov, Yu. I. Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Abstract: Dataflow architecture is an alternative to traditional von Neumann computing architecture. However, known variants of dataflow architecture have a range of serious problems with no effective solutions up to the present day. This paper represents Hybrid Recurrent Signal Processor’s (HRSP) hardware verification results. It describes HRSP’s register transfer level model implementing its architectural specification and hardware prototype on the HAN Pilot Platform development board with Intel Arria10 field-programmable gate array. HRSP consists of a von Neumann master processor on a control layer and a recurrent dataflow unit on an operational layer. Dataflow unit includes four computing cores. HRSP’s hardware model combines either software or hardware implementation of the control processor and the hardware model of the operational layer. Testing the HRSP’s hardware prototype on the development board using an isolated word recognizer (IWR) as a typical data processing application has proven that the hardware model is bit-exact with both HRSP’s imitation model and the original IWR C++ model. The HRSP’s hardware prototype’s achieved performance ensures IWR’s operation in real-time mode on the development board. It is slightly better than the performance of the TMSC55x (Texas Instruments) digital signal processor. Verification of the HRSP’s hardware implementation on synthetic tests showed that its average performance is 5% higher than the performance of the DSP TMSC55x digital signal processor. The results of the proposed optimization of hardware support for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) in HRSP prove that such an optimization speeds up the FFT calculation, significantly reduces the capsule size, reduces the required hardware resources and simplifies FFT scaling. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2023. ISSN 1063-7397, Russian Microelectronics, 2023, Vol. 52, No. 7, pp. 641–647. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2023. Russian Text The Author(s), 2022, published in Izvestiya Vy

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Small sample learning based on probability-informed neural networks for SAR image segmentation

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第14期37卷 8285-8308页

作者： Dostovalova, Anastasia Gorshenin, Andrey Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova Str 44/2 Moscow119333 Russia

The paper introduces a probability-informed methodology for the segmentation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images in the case of small sample learning. It assumes that the amount of training data is limited to several hundred or thousand elements, which prevents the effective training of state-of-the-art neural network (NN) models. This is a typical problem for real SAR images whose characteristics depend significantly on the sensors used to produce them and cannot always be repeated within open available datasets. To solve this problem, we propose NN models called Probability-Informed Neural Networks (PrINNs). As part of our approach, we introduce the use of probability models as a source of additional features for data. Specifically, the training dataset is enriched by modeling the pixel brightness using a finite normal mixture. We prove that such an extension can reduce errors in the learning process theoretically. The resulting enriched dataset is segmented using attention-based convolutional NNs or visual transformers. Then, post-processing is implemented based on another probability model—quadtree, which is a special case of random Markov fields. As we have theoretically demonstrated, this part of PrINNs is analogous to the graph-convolutional NNs with fixed weights. Using open SAR images obtained by different radars (namely, Sentinel-1, Capella, ESAR and HRSID) with various types of underlying surfaces, the possibility of improving segmentation quality based on PrINNs is demonstrated. We tested various combinations of methods from the PrINNs architecture, and in all cases, the PrINN approach we proposed was superior to any other combination of these methods. From the point of view of the achieved accuracy metrics, the mean F1 score increased up to 19.24%, and the median F1 score was improved up to 9.57%. Some further architectural improvements to PrINNs are also discussed in the paper. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd

关键词： Image segmentation

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On the Existence of Time-Periodic Solutions of Nonlinear Parabolic Differential Equations with Nonlocal Boundary Conditions of the Bitsadze–Samarskii Type

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Journal of Mathematical sciences (United States) 2024年第6期285卷 880-892页

作者： Solonukha, O.V. Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the RAS Moscow Russian Federation

We study a nonlinear parabolic differential equation in a bounded multidimensional domain with nonlocal boundary conditions of the Bitsadze–Samarskii type. We prove existence theorems for a periodic in time generalized solution. Sufficient conditions for the existence of generalized solutions contain either an algebraic ellipticity condition or an algebraic strong ellipticity condition for an auxiliary differential-difference operator. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： nonlocal boundary conditions of the Bitsadze–Samarskii type operator of shifts in spatial variables parabolic differential equation pseudomonotone operator

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Nonlinear Differential-Difference Equations of Elliptic and Parabolic Type and Their Applications to Nonlocal Problems

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Journal of Mathematical sciences (United States) 2024年第4期285卷 520-638页

作者： Solonukha, O.V. Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of the RAS Moscow Russian Federation

In this survey, we study boundary-value problems for nonlinear differential-difference equations of elliptic and parabolic types, as well as related nonlinear equations with nonlocal boundary conditions. The main feature of the equations under consideration is that the difference operator is located in the principal part of the nonlinear operator containing higher-order derivatives. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： elliptic equation ellipticity condition initial boundary-value problem nonlinear differential-difference equations nonlocal boundary conditions operator with semibounded variation parabolic equation periodic solutions pseudomonotone operator shift in spatial variables strong ellipticity condition

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The Relevance of the Problem of Synthesis of New Materials in Conditions of Innovative Industrial Development

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Russian Microelectronics 2023年第8期52卷 810-816页

作者： Zatsarinnyy, A.A. Abgaryan, K.K. Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control " Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow119333 Russia

Abstract: This article discusses current problems of the synthesis of new materials in modern conditions. Today this is the most important strategic task for the innovative development of Russian industry. The factors determining the relevance of this task are formulated. A brief analysis of the state of Russian microelectronics is given. The importance of mathematical modeling methods and the need to develop innovative approaches in the field of the synthesis of new materials are shown. The main directions of scientific research related to the development of new model concepts, methods, and algorithms used in the field of mathematical modeling of the structures and properties of nanomaterials, as well as systems based on them, discussed at the IV International Conference "Mathematical Modeling in Materials science of Electronic Components" (ICM3SEC-2022), are highlighted. This paper shows that for the further development of methods and means of mathematical modeling, a domestic high-performance environment for scientific research is required, with a comfortable user interface, flexibility in setting up resources, high performance, and reliability. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2023. ISSN 1063-7397, Russian Microelectronics, 2023, Vol. 52, No. 8, pp. 810–816. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2023. Russian Text The Author(s), 2023, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Elektronika, 2023, Vol. 26, No. 4.

关键词： Microelectronics

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Simulation Modeling of an Analog Impulse Neural Network Based on a Memristor Crossbar Using Parallel Computing Technologies

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Russian Microelectronics 2023年第8期52卷 786-792页

作者： Morozov, A. Yu. Abgaryan, K.K. Reviznikov, D.L. Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control " Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow119333 Russia

Abstract: The issues of simulation modeling of an analog impulse neural network based on memristive elements in the problem of pattern recognition are studied. Simulation modeling allows us to configure the network at the level of a mathematical model, and subsequently use the obtained parameters directly in the process of operation. The network model is given as a dynamic system, which can consist of tens or hundreds of thousands of ordinary differential equations. Naturally, there is a need for an efficient and parallel implementation of an appropriate simulation model. Open multiprocessing (OpenMP) is used as the technology for parallelizing calculations, since it allows us to easily create multithreaded applications in various programming languages. The efficiency of parallelization is evaluated on the problem of modeling the process of training the network to recognize a set of five images of a size of 128 by 128 pixels, which leads to the solution of about 80 000 differential equations. In this problem, the calculations are accelerated by a factor of over six. According to the experimental data, the operating character of memristors is stochastic, as shown by the scatter in the current-voltage characteristics (VACs) when switching between high-resistance and low-resistance states. To take this feature into account, a memristor model with interval parameters is used, which gives upper and lower limits on the values of interest, and encloses the experimental curves in corridors. When simulating the operation of the entire analog self-learning impulse neural network, in each epoch of training, the parameters of the memristors are set randomly from the selected intervals. This approach makes it possible to dispense with the use of a stochastic mathematical apparatus, thereby further reducing computational costs. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2023. ISSN 1063-7397, Russian Microelectronics, 2023, Vol. 52, No. 8, pp. 786–792. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2023. Russian Te

关键词： Memristors

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Identification of an Endogenous Production Function for the U.S. Economy 15th

Identification of an Endogenous Production Function for t...

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15th International Conference on Optimization and Applications, OPTIMA 2024

作者： Olenev, Nicholas Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control" of the Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031791185

The paper identifies an endogenous production function for the U.S. economy, represented by the distribution of production capacities across technologies with finite lifetimes. Technology characteristics (initial labor and capital intensity) are determined during the creation of the production unit. The microeconomic description of the model is based on the hypothesis that production capacity decreases with age, while the number of jobs remains the same until the production unit is liquidated when its lifetime limit is exceeded. Initial labor and capital intensity may decrease under the influence of scientific and technological progress. The parameters of the production function built on the basis of microeconomic description are determined by parallel calculations indirectly by comparing the model-calculated and statistical time series of macro-indicators of the U.S. economy in 1970–2022. A preliminary economic interpretation of the obtained results is presented. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Endogenous production function Parameter identification Production capacity U.S. economy Vintage capacity model

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Smoothness of Generalized Solutions to the Dirichlet Problem for Strongly Elliptic Functional Differential Equations with Orthotropic Contractions on the Boundary of Adjacent Subdomains

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Journal of Mathematical sciences (United States) 2024年第2期283卷 305-316页

作者： Tasevich, A.L. RUDN University Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of Russian Academy of Sciences

The paper is devoted to the study of the smoothness of generalized solutions of the first boundary-value problem for a strongly elliptic functional differential equation containing orthotropic contraction transformations of the arguments of the unknown function in the leading part. The problem is considered in a disc, the coefficients of the equation are constant. Orthotropic contraction is understood as different contraction in different variables. Conditions for the conservation of smoothness on the boundaries of neighboring subdomains formed by the action of the contraction transformation group onto the disc are found in explicit form for any right-hand side from the Lebesgue space. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： orthotropic contraction of arguments smoothness of generalized solutions strongly elliptic functional differential equation

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Modeling the Vibrations of an Annular Membrane with a Nonsteady General Boundary Condition

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Russian Engineering research 2025年第1期45卷 92-96页

作者： Kostikov, Yu. A. Romanenkov, A.M. Moscow Aviation Institute Moscow Russia Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control " Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Abstract: The initial boundary value problem regarding vibrations of an annular membrane is considered. Nonsteady boundary conditions are specified, and there is no distributed load. This is a nonclassical formulation, since rigid attachment conditions at the edges are usually specified. By appropriate replacement of the function to be determined, the initial problem may be reduced to an inhomogeneous problem with trivial boundary conditions of general form. Application of the standard Fourier method then allows us to express the solution as a functional series based on linear combinations of Bessel functions of the first and second kinds. © Allerton Press, Inc. 2025.

关键词： Boundary value problems

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Solution of a One-Dimensional Parabolic Problem with a Nonlocal Boundary Condition

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Russian Engineering research 2025年第1期45卷 101-105页

作者： Danilina, I.A. Kostikov, Yu. A. Romanenkov, A.M. Moscow Aviation Institute Moscow Russia Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control " Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Abstract: For a one-dimensional boundary problem associated with a linear parabolic equation in the presence of a nonlocal spatial condition, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution are established. Structural proof of the existence of a solution is presented. By means of Laguerre polynomials, a solution is explicitly constructed in the form of a functional series. © Allerton Press, Inc. 2025.

关键词： Boundary conditions

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