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Cytokine 2013年第3期63卷 255-255页

作者： Sandra T. Clarke Martin Kalmokoff Stephen P.J. Brooks Premysl Bercik Dan Ramdath Julia M. Green-Johnson Applied Bioscience Graduate Program & Faculty of Science University of Ontario Institute of Technology Oshawa Ont. Canada Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Kentville NS Canada Bureau of Nutritional Sciences Health Canada Ottawa Ont. Canada Department of Medicine McMaster University Medical Center Hamilton Ont. Canada Guelph Food Research Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Guelph Ont. Canada

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover clinical trial involving 30 healthy adults was conducted to examine the impact of fructans on both the gut microbiota and immune system. Along with their regular diet, trial participants consumed either an oligofructose-enriched inulin supplement as the test diet or food grade maltodextrin as the control diet for a 28 day period, with a minimum 2 week washout period before cross-over. The trial supplements were coded as “A” or “B”, and will remain coded until the completion of all analyses. Serum immunoglobulin concentrations were quantified by Luminex multiplexing technology. IgM was significantly higher after 28 days of supplement A consumption (821.3 ng/mL ± 138.3) than after supplement B consumption (485.8 ng/mL ± 66.5) ( P = 0.0118). IgA was also significantly higher ( P = 0.0092) after supplement A consumption (1967.3 ng/mL ± 374.4) than after supplement B consumption (911.7 ng/mL ± 138.2). Active transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β ) concentration was measured in plasma and serum cytokine concentrations were quantified by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Levels of active TGF- β were 5.4 pg/mL ± 2.1 after consumption of supplement B, in comparison to 3.4 pg/mL ± 1.5 after supplement A consumption, although this difference was not statistically significant. IL-10 concentrations were significantly lower ( P = 0.0172) after supplement B consumption (41.2 pg/mL ± 29.0) than after supplement A consumption (79.8 pg/mL ± 42.1). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels were also significantly lower ( P = 0.0265) after supplement B consumption (5.4 pg/mL ± 2.5) than levels after supplement A consumption (14.4 pg/mL ± 3.6). No differences were observed between subjects consuming supplement A and B in Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-1Ra concentrations. Analysis of cytokine profiles will provide insight into the e

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31st Annual Meeting and Associated programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part one: National Harbor, MD, USA. 9-13 November 2016

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J Immunother Cancer 2016年第SUPPL 1期4卷 1-1页

作者： Andreas Lundqvist Vincent van Hoef Xiaonan Zhang Erik Wennerberg Julie Lorent Kristina Witt Laia Masvidal Sanz Shuo Liang Shannon Murray Ola Larsson Rolf Kiessling Yumeng Mao John-William Sidhom Catherine A. Bessell Jonathan Havel Jonathan Schneck Timothy A. Chan Eliot Sachsenmeier David Woods Anders Berglund Rupal Ramakrishnan Andressa Sodre Jeffrey Weber Roberta Zappasodi Yanyun Li Jingjing Qi Philip Wong Cynthia Sirard Michael postow Walter Newman Henry Koon Vamsidhar Velcheti Margaret K. Callahan Jedd D. Wolchok Taha Merghoub Lawrence G. Lum Minsig Choi Archana Thakur Abhinav Deol Gregory Dyson Anthony Shields Cara Haymaker Marc Uemura Ravi Murthy Marihella James Daqing Wang Julie Brevard Catherine Monaghan Suzanne Swann James Geib Mark Cornfeld Srinivas Chunduru Sudhir Agrawal Cassian Yee Jennifer Wargo Sapna P. Patel Rodabe Amaria Hussein Tawbi Isabella Glitza Scott Woodman Wen-Jen Hwu Michael A. Davies Patrick Hwu Willem W. Overwijk Chantale Bernatchez Adi Diab Erminia Massarelli Neil H. Segal Vincent Ribrag Ignacio Melero Tara C. Gangadhar Walter Urba Dirk Schadendorf Robert L. Ferris Roch Houot Franck Morschhauser Theodore Logan Jason J. Luke William Sharfman Fabrice Barlesi Patrick A. Ott Laura Mansi Shivaani Kummar Gilles Salles Cecilia Carpio Roland Meier Suba Krishnan Dan McDonald Matthew Maurer Xuemin Gu Jaclyn Neely Satyendra Suryawanshi Ronald Levy Nikhil Khushalani Jennifer Wu Jinyu Zhang Fahmin Basher Mark Rubinstein Mark Bucsek Guanxi Qiao Cameron MacDonald Bonnie Hylander Elizabeth Repasky Shilpak Chatterjee Anusara Daenthanasanmak Paramita Chakraborty Kyle Toth Megan Meek Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer Michael Nishimura Chrystal Paulos Craig Beeson Xuezhong Yu Shikhar Mehrotra Fei Zhao Kathy Evans Christine Xiao Alisha Holtzhausen Brent A. Hanks Nicole Scharping Ashley V. Menk Rebecca Moreci Ryan Whetstone Rebekah Dadey Simon Watkins Robert Ferris Greg M. Delgoffe Jonathan Peled Sean Devlin Anna Staffas Melissa Lumish Kori Porosnicu Rodriguez Katya Ahr Miguel Perales Sergio Giralt Ying Taur Eric Pam Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Stockholms Lan Sweden Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY USA Nova Southeastern University Cell Therapy Institute Fort Lauderdale FL USA Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA Immunology Program Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Columbia MD USA Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Johns Hopkins Medical Institute Baltimore MD USA University of Rochester Monrovia MD USA NYU Langone Medical Center New York NY USA H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa FL USA Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Immune Monitoring Core Facility Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Leap Therapeutics Cambridge MA USA Department of Medicine Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA Cleveland Clinic Main Campus Cleveland OH USA University of Virginia Cancer Center Charlottesville VA USA Stony Brook University Medical Center Stony Brook NY USA Karmanos Cancer Institute Detroit MI USA University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA Idera Pharmaceuticals Inc. Cambridge MA USA Institut Gustave Roussy Villejuif Ile-de-France France Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) University of Navarra Pamplona Navarra Spain University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Earle A. Chiles Research Institute Providence Cancer Center Portland OR USA Universitätsklinikum Essen Essen Nordrhein-Westfalen Germany University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA CHU Rennes Service Hématologie Clinique and INSERM 0203 Unité d’Investigation Clinique Rennes Bretagne France Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille Lille Nord-Pas-de-Calais France Simon Cancer Center Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA University of Chicago School of Medicine Chicago IL USA Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Lutherville MD USA Multidisciplinary Oncology and Therapeuti

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Corrigendum: Azide photochemistry for facile modification of graphitic surfaces: preparation of DNA-coated carbon nanotubes for biosensing

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Nanotechnology 2013年第37期24卷

作者： Minoo J Moghaddam Wenrong Yang Barbara Bojarski Thomas R Gengenbach Mei Gao Hadi M Zareie Maxine J McCall CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia Present address: School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Geelong Vic 3217 Australia. CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Clayton VIC 3169 Australia Institute for Nano-scale Technology University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia Present address: Nanotechnology Graduate Program Department of Electrical Engineering Gediz University Izmir Turkey. CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia

The full text of this article is available in the PDF provided.

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235

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Cytokine 2013年第3期63卷 298-298页

作者： Padmaja Shastri Justin McCarville Stephen P.J. Brooks Martin Kalmokoff Julia M. Green-Johnson Applied Bioscience Graduate Program and Faculty of Science University of Ontario Institute of Technology Oshawa Ontario L1H 7K4 Canada Bureau of Nutritional Sciences Health Canada Ottawa Ontario K1A 0K9 Canada Atlantic Food and Horticulture Research Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Kentville Nova Scotia B4N 1J5 Canada

Gut microbiota-mediated effects on the immune system can influence cytokine production in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). The extent to which gender-associated differences in gut microbiota composition influence mucosal cytokine patterns is as yet undetermined, as is the impact such differences may have on the ability of fermentable material to modulate immune activity through effects on the gut microbiota. To explore these questions, we analyzed the effects of a fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS)-supplemented Purina chow diet on mucosal cytokine profiles, focusing on IL-6 (pro-inflammatory), IL-4 (TH 2 ) and IL-10 (regulatory T reg ). To compare gender-associated effects of FOS at the gut microbial and intestinal epithelial level, we measured fecal short chain fatty acid profiles (by gas chromatography) and mucin gene MUC2 expression (determined by quantitative real-time PCR). No major FOS-induced changes in cytokine profiles (vs. control) were observed in the ileum of male or female rats, although gender-specific differences in cytokine levels were observed. Cecal IL-6 (7732.49 ± 863 pg/g) was higher in FOS-fed male rats compared to FOS-fed female rats (5057.9 ± 536.5 pg/g). Cecal IL-10 was significantly lower in male rats fed the control diet (5301.2 ± 241.6 pg/g) relative to female rats fed the same diet (8164 ± 843.6 pg/g). However, cecal IL-10 was elevated in FOS-fed male rats (6484.3 ± 1269.7 pg/g) to levels similar to those of FOS-fed female rats (6662.4 ± 335.6 pg/g), indicating a potential differential effect of dietary FOS on this regulatory cytokine in males and females. Fecal butyric acid concentrations in FOS-fed male rats (35.1 ± 7.1 mmol/g) were significantly higher than those in FOS-fed female rats (13.6 ± 2.6 mmol/g), suggesting a gender-associated difference in the effects of FOS at the gut microbial level. Preliminary results indicate higher cecal MUC2 expression in male rats relative to female ra

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Erratum to: Study protocol: differential effects of diet and physical activity based interventions in pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes: individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis and health economic evaluation

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Systematic reviews 2015年第1期4卷 101页

作者： Anneloes E Ruifrok Ewelina Rogozinska Mireille N M van Poppel Girish Rayanagoudar Sally Kerry Christianne J M de Groot SeonAe Yeo Emma Molyneaux Ruben Barakat Carballo Maria Perales Annick Bogaerts Jose G Cecatti Fernanda Surita Jodie Dodd Julie Owens Nermeen El Beltagy Roland Devlieger Helena Teede Cheryce Harrison Lene Haakstad Garry X Shen Alexis Shub Narges Motahari Janette Khoury Serena Tonstad Riitta Luoto Tarja I Kinnunen Kym Guelfi Fabio Facchinetti Elisabetta Petrella Suzanne Phelan Tânia T Scudeller Kathrin Rauh Hans Hauner Kristina Renault Linda Reme Sagedal Ingvild Vistad Signe Nilssen Stafne Siv Mørkved Kjell Åsmund Salvesen Christina Vinter Marcia Vitolo Arne Astrup Nina Rica Wium Geiker Fionnuala McAuliffe Lucilla poston Tracy Roberts Richard D Riley Arri Coomarasamy Khalid S Khan Ben Willem Mol Shakila Thangaratinam Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands. anneloesruifrok@***. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands. anneloesruifrok@***. Women's Health Research Unit Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. e.a.rogozinska@qmul.ac.uk. Multidisciplinary Evidence Synthesis Hub (mEsh) Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. e.a.rogozinska@qmul.ac.uk. Department of Public and Occupational Health EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands. mnm.vanpoppel@vumc.nl. Women's Health Research Unit Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. g.rayanagoudar@qmul.ac.uk. Multidisciplinary Evidence Synthesis Hub (mEsh) Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. s.m.kerry@qmul.ac.uk. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands. cj.degroot@vumc.nl. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing Chapel Hill NC USA. syeo@email.unc.edu. Section of Women's Mental Health Health Service and Population Research Department Institute of Psychiatry King's College London London UK. emma.molyneaux@kcl.ac.uk. Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fısica y del Deporte-INEF Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Madrid Spain. rubenomar.barakat@upm.es. Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Fısica y del Deporte-INEF Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Madrid Spain. m.perales.santaella@***. Division of Mother and Child Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Colleges Leuven-Limburg Hasselt and University Hospitals KU Leuven Leuven Belgium. Annick.Bogaerts@khlim.be. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medical Scienc

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Antimicrobial effectiveness of biobased film against Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium

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Advance Journal of food science and technology 2011年第4期3卷 294-302页

作者： Theinsathid, Pornpun Visessanguan, Wonnop Kingchaand, Yutthana Keeratipibul, Suwimon Graduate School Interdisciplinary Program Technopreneurship and Innovation Management Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Thailand Science Park Bangkok Thailand Department of Food Technology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand

Antimicrobial packaging, an active packaging concept, can be considered challenging technology that could have a significant impact on food safety of meat and meat products. The feasibility of polylactic acid (PLA)-based film was evaluated for its application as a material for antimicrobial film. A bio-based commercial polylactic acid (PLA) product, Ecovio*, was used as an environmentally friendly polymer matrix. The PLA based film was incorporated with lactic acid or sodium lactate by extrusion film-blowing process. The antimicrobial activity of films against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella entérica Serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) were evaluated. Antimicrobial film incorporated with lactic acid packaging film was found to be highly effective in inhibiting L. monocytogenes. In contrast, no inhibitory activity was observed against E. coli O157:H7, and S. Typhimurium. This is consistent with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) studies which indicated that undissociated lactic acid was more efficient in inhibiting L. monocytogenes than enterobacteria. This preliminary study shows the potential use of bio-based film as one hurdle technology in combination with good manufacturing practices and adequate storage temperatures. The use of antimicrobial packaging may contribute to improve the safety in minimally processed foods. Further work is required to improve the mechanical properties of the material in order to meet industry requirements. © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2011.

关键词： Lactic acid

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Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers Presented at the joint meeting of the Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition Milford Aquaculture Seminar and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration Groton, Connecticut December 12–15, 2012

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Journal of Shellfish Research 2013年第2期32卷 571-612页

作者： Walter Blogoslawski Christopher Davis Dorothy Leonard Lisa Milke Steven Allen Peter Bergstrom A.C. Carpenter Mark Luckenbach Kennedy Paynter Angela Sowers Eric Weissberger James Wesson Stephanie Westby Steven Allen Stephanie Westby Claire O'Neil Angela Sowers Eric Weisberrger Oliver Bender Peter Boyce Gabriel Betty Mark Borrelli Anamarija Frankic Curtis Felix Jennifer Wilson Peter Boyce Oliver Bender Suzanne Bricker Tessa Getchis Cary Chadwick Julie Rose Cori Rose Kelsey Brockett Jessica Peterman David Bushek Daphne Munroe Eric Powell Lisa Calvo Barney Hollinger William Riggin William Shadel Jenny Paterno Ryan Carnegie David Bushek Carole Cyr Lisandre G. Solomon Francoise Bourque Tyler Carrier Stephen Eddy Sarah Redmond James Cervino Rand Weeks Jason Shorr Carmen Lin Dajana Gjoza Thomas J. Goreau Erik Chapman Derrick Chelikowsky Diane Kapareiko Dorothy Jefferess Gary Wikfors Carmela Cuomo Joseph Choromanski Sheila Stiles Dorothy Jeffress Haley Ladeau Loren Coen Boze Hancock Lesley Baggett Sean Powers Rob Brumbaugh Summer Morlock Bryan DeAngelis Anne Cohen Daniel McCorkle Gail Schwietermann Kathryn Rose Dave Conley SaiGiridhar Dasika April Croxton Soren Dahl Debra Barnes Bassem Allam Jonathan Davis Brian Allen Betsy Peabody Jonathan Davis Julie Davis William Walton Donatella Del Piero Michael Devin Molly Flanagan Paul Rawson Chauncey Devin Dana Morse Mark S. Dixon Genevieve Bernatchez Kelsey Boeff Eve Galimany Yaqin Li Aynur Lok Shannon L. Meseck Marguerite Petit Sean Dixon Sam Lee Dennis O'Connor Kelly Drake Shelley Edmundson Elizabeth Fairchild Melissa Evans Allison Fitzgerald Chester Zarnoch William Wallace Amy Fitzpatrick Gef Flimlin Sandra Macfarlane Gef Flimlin Thomas Foca David Bushek Timothy Visel Walter Blogoslawski Deborah A. Bouchard Joseph Buttner John Ewart Ann Faulds George E. Flimlin Doris Hicks Craig Hollingsworth Andrew Lazur Dale Leavitt Dennis McIntosh Dana L. Morse Tom Rippen Gregg Rivara Roxanna Smolowitz Dan Terlizzi Don Webster Michael Chambers Diane C. Murphy Robert Pomeroy Josh Reitsma Mic U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center Milford Laboratory 212 Rogers Avenue Milford CT 06460 Maine Aquaculture Innovation Center 5717 Corbett Hall Room 436 Orono ME 04469 Ocean Equities LLC 776 Rolling View Drive Annapolis MD 21409. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annapolis MD 21401 NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office 410 Severn Ave Suite 207-A Annapolis MD 21403 Potomac River Fisheries Commission 222 Taylor St Colonial Beach VA 22443 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory PO Box 350 Wachapreague VA 23480 1213 HJ Patterson Hall University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Baltimore District P.O. Box 1715 Baltimore MD 21203 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Annapolis MD 21401 Virginia Marine Resources Commission 2600 Washington Ave Newport News VA 23607 NOAA Restoration Center 410 Severn Ave Annapolis MD 21403. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annpolis MD 21401 National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 410 Severn Ave Suite 107-A Annapolis MD 21403 USA Army Corps of Engineers 10 South Howard St Baltimore MD 21201 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Tawes State Office Building Annapolis MD 21401. Maria Mitchell Association 4 Vestal St Nantucket MA 02554 Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Drive Nantucket MA 02554. University of Rhode Island 620 Main St. Hopkinton RI 02832. Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies 5 Holway Avenue Provincetown MA 02657 University of Massachusetts Boston 100 Morrissey Blvd Boston Massachusetts Boston MA Town of Wellfleet 300 Main Street Wellfleet Massachusetts MA 02667. Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Dr Nantucket MA 02554. NOAA National Center for Coastal Ocean Science 1305 East West Highway Room 8110 Silver Spring MD 20910 Connecticut Sea Grant University o

It was with great excitement that we planned the combined meetings of Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition (NACE) and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration (ICSR) with the 33rd Milford Aquaculture Seminar (MAS). Bringing these different but complementary audiences together resulted in a meeting that combined many different aspects of fisheries restoration and aquaculture under one *** hundred attendees including government representatives, research scientists, industry, and academia at both the university and vocational high school levels attended this event. The meeting commenced on Wednesday December 12th 2012, with over eighty people attending seven field trips to area aquaculture farms and research facilities. The formal program began on Thursday, December 13th with a plenary session including invited speakers Eric Schwabb, Acting Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Management at NOAA; Sebastian Belle, Executive Director of the Maine Aquaculture Association and Boze Hancock from the Nature Conservancy, who discussed the role of aquaculture in fisheries restoration. John Bullard, the Northeast Regional Administrator of NOAA Fisheries Service, addressed the group during the luncheon the following day. The technical papers and workshops presented were divided into 35 sessions over three days of the meeting and included topics such as the history of aquaculture, aquaculture hatchery innovations, siting and planning issues, risk management, aquaculture business management, ocean acidification, climate change, as well as aquaculture disease issues and potential remedies. Having persons present who have experienced problems and successes, along with those in manufacturing and government responsible for addressing concerns and sharing best practices, was invaluable. Discussions among this cross-section of persons who represent different aspects of aquaculture were as important as the well-presented and interesting formal papers

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Bio-based products: Factors that influence their adoption

Bio-based products: Factors that influence their adoption

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5th IEEE International Conference on Management of Innovation and technology, ICMIT2010

作者： Theinsthid, Pornpun Chandrachai, Achara Suwannathep, Sasitorn Keeratipibul, Suwimon Graduate School Interdisciplinary Program Technopreneurship and Innovation Management Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand School of Liberal Arts King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Department of Food Technology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465675

Bioplastics constitute an emerging and innovative industrial segment, characterized by new synergies and collaborations among the chemical, biotechnological, agricultural, and consumer sectors. This paper reports on a survey of factors that influence bioplastics adoption. Research focusing on each factor such as capital, R&D and innovation and licensing and IP related impediments are summarized. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Carbon footprint

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Anti-inflammatory effect of Momordica grosvenori Swingle extract through suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of iNOS and COX-2 in murine macrophages

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Journal of Functional foods 2009年第2期1卷 145-152页

作者： Pan, Min-Hsiung Yang, Ji-Rui Tsai, Mei-Ling Sang, Shengmin Ho, Chi-Tang Department of Seafood Science National Kaohsiung Marine University Kaohsiung 811 Taiwan Nutrition Research Program University of North Carolina Nutrition Center Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute Kannapolis NC 28081 North Carolina Research Campus 500 Laureate Way United States Department of Food Science Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901-8520 United States Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 100 Taiwan

Momordica grosvenori Swingle, a traditional medicinal herb, is known to possess anti-inflammatory anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic, and nephroprotective activities. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of M. grosvenori Swingle extract (MSE) on the induction of NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in murine RAW 264.7 cells activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Western blotting and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses demonstrated that MSE significantly blocked protein and mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-induced macrophages. Treatment with MSE resulted in the reduction of LPS-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) subunit and the dependent transcriptional activity of NFκB by blocking phosphorylation of inhibitor κB (IκB)α and p65 and subsequent degradation of IκBα. Transient transfection experiments using NFκB reporter constructs indicated that MSE inhibits the transcriptional activity of NFκB in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophages. MSE also inhibited LPS-induced activation of PI3K/Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 MAPK. Taken together, these results show that MSE down regulates inflammatory iNOS and COX-2 gene expression in macrophages by inhibiting the activation of NFκB by interfering with the activation PI3K/Akt/IKK and MAPK. These results have important implication for using MSE towards the development of effective anti-inflammatory agents. Crown Copyright © 2009.

关键词： Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inducible NO synthesis (iNOS) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Mitogen-activated protein (MAPK) Momordica grosvenori Swingle NFκB Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophages

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Improvement of the stability of nattokinase using γ-polyglutamic acid as a coating material for microencapsulation

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LWT 2009年第1期42卷 144-149页

作者： Hsieh, Chang-Wei Lu, Wen-Chien Hsieh, Wen-Ching Huang, Yun-Peng Lai, Cheng-Hung Ko, Wen-Ching Department of Medicinal Botany and Healthcare Da-Yeh University 112 Shan-Jiau Road Da-Tsuen Chang-Hua 51591 Taiwan Department of Food Science and Biotechnology National Chung-Hsing University 250 Kuokuang Road Taichung 402 Taiwan Vedan Enterprise Corporation 65 Hsingan Road Shulu Taichung 433 Taiwan Department and Graduate Program of BioIndustry Technology Da-Yeh University 112 Shan-Jiau Road Da-Tsuen Chang-Hua 51591 Taiwan

In this study, nattokinase (NK) was microencapsulated in high-molecular-weight Na-γ-PGA, and the amount of NK added to the Na-γ-PGA was in the ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 w/w, which was designated as NK-100 and NK-200, respectively. The temperature and pH stability of microencapsulated NK were found to be higher than those of the free form. Free NK lost its overall initial activity after treatment at a temperature above 60 °C or at a pH less than 5.0 for 1 h. NK-100 and NK-200 retained 35% and 60% of their activities after exposure to an acidic condition of pH 4.0 and possessed 18% and 25% activity after treatment at 60 °C for 1 h, respectively. Furthermore, NK-100 and NK-200 exhibited more protective bioactivity than free NK did in storage stability tests. This simple and versatile approach can be potentially applied to the microencapsulation of various biomolecules for drug-delivery applications. © 2008 Swiss Society of food science and technology.

关键词： Sodium

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