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CERTAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN DEVELOPING TOMATO FRUIT (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL)

JOURNAL OF food science 1965年第3期30卷 504-+页

作者： DALAL, KB SALUNKHE, DK BOE, AA OLSON, LE Food Science and Technology Program Utah State University Logan Utah 84321

The biosyn-thesis of non-volatile compounds by tomato fruit parallels the growth rate of the fruit. Volatile reducing substances (VRS, mu/100 g), reducing sugars (percent), water-soluble pectins (percent) and organic acid (mg/100 g) progressively increase in quantity with advancing maturity. Total titratable acidity (percent) and total pectic materials (percent) increased during the initial stages of maturation, but gradually decreased as the fruit ripened. Ascorbic-acid (mg/100 g) increased with the maturity of fruit but declined slightly in the later (red and red-ripe) stages of maturation. Concentrations of compounds (chlorophylls mg/100 g, carotene and lycopene mg/100 g) contributing to the coloration changed significantly as the fruit passed through various degrees of maturation.

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Cellulose nanocrystal from pomelo (C. Grandis osbeck) albedo: Chemical, morphology and crystallinity evaluation

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2013年第1期1571卷 674-679页

作者： Nor Fazelin Mat Zain Salma Mohamad Yusop Ishak Ahmad Food Science Program School of Chemical Sciences & Food Technology Faculty of Science & Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Polymer Research Centre (PORCE) School of Chemical Sciences & Food Technology Faculty of Science & Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Selangor Malaysia

Citrus peel is one of the under-utilized waste materials that have potential in producing a valuable fibre, which are cellulose and cellulose nanocrystal. Cellulose was first isolated from pomelo (C. Grandis Osbeck) albedo by combination of alkali treatment and bleaching process, followed by acid hydrolysis (65% H2SO4 , 45 °C, 45min) to produce cellulose nanocrystal. The crystalline, structural, morphological and chemical properties of both materials were studied. Result reveals the crystallinity index obtained from X-ray diffraction for cellulose nanocrystal was found higher than extracted cellulose with the value of 60.27% and 57.47%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared showed that the chemical treatments removed most of the hemicellulose and lignin from the pomelo albedo fibre. This has been confirmed further by SEM and TEM for their morphological studies. These results showed that cellulose and cellulose nanocrystal were successfully obtained from pomelo albedo and might be potentially used in producing functional fibres for food application.

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Fabrication and characterization of chitosan/cellulose-ZnO nanocomposites for bactericidal applications

Fabrication and characterization of chitosan/cellulose-ZnO n...

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2014 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Pérez-Altamar, Melina Perales-Pérez, Oscar Program of Food Science and Technology University of Puerto Rico MayaguezPR00681-9000 United States Department of Engineering Science and Materials University of Puerto Rico PR00681-9000 United States

The present work focuses on the fabrication of environmental friendly ZnO nanocrystals and chitosan/cellulose films hosting ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) as an attempt to produce nanocomposites with enhanced bactericidal capacity. The solution casting method was used to fabricate the chitosan/cellulose blend films. Highly monodisperse ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using Zinc acetate and Triethylene glycol (TEG) via a modified Polyol route. ZnO crystal size was controlled by the heterogeneous nucleation approach. Optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles were studied by UV-vis spectroscopy and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL) techniques. The nanoparticles' size and morphology were determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of the size-controlled synthesis employed. The chitosan/cellulose/ZnO nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier Transform - Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The mechanical properties of produced bare and ZnO-bearing composites were determined from stress-strain tests. The Standard Plate Count and the Halo Zone methods were used to evaluate the bactericidal properties of the ZnO nanoparticles, chitosan/cellulose blend films and chitosan/cellulose/ZnO nanocomposites against Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218). Copyright © 2014 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Chitosan

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Feeding mice aged and fresh blackberries powder supplements result in shifts in the gastrointestinal microflora

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food Bioscience 2013年 1卷 66-72页

作者： Park, Si Hong Hanning, Irene Gilbert, William Munro, Michelle Devareddy, Latha Ricke, Steven C. Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR United States Center for Food Safety Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72704 United States Department of Food Science and Technology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN United States Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR United States INEOS Bio Fayetteville AR 72701 1650 Pump Station Road United States

Blackberries contain anthocyanins and phenolic acids derived from anthocyanin fragments that have an important role in the small intestine for retaining gut health. It has been hypothesized that supplementing diets with blackberries may improve gut health through a prebiotic mechanism. Unfortunately identification of gut bacteria is difficult since only 20% of bacterial species can be cultured using current techniques. Therefore, a non-culture based technique was utilized to examine shifts in gut bacteria of mice fed one of five diet treatments: (1) control, (2) aged blackberries supplemented at 5% (w/w), (3) aged blackberries supplemented at 10% (w/w), (4) fresh blackberries supplemented at 5% (w/w), and (5) fresh blackberries supplemented at 10% (w/w). Mice feces were initially collected before supplementing blackberries as a control (0 week) and were collected every 2 weeks for up to 10 weeks. Polymerase chain reaction-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-based DGGE) was performed and further identification of bacteria was conducted by excising and sequencing target bands. Banding patterns were more consistent over time in those groups that had a diet supplemented with 10% aged or fresh blackberries compared to the 2 groups fed a diet supplemented with 5% of fresh or aged blackberries. From the sequencing data, Lactobacillus johnsonii was present in all groups after 2 weeks of sampling. The Aerococcus spp. and Actinomycetes were increased in blackberries treatments as well as Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumonia and Erwinia spp. were present in aged blackberry treatment. These data indicate that supplementing a diet with aged or fresh blackberries causes shifts in the gastrointestinal microflora. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aged blackberry Fresh blackberry Mice Microflora PCR-based DGGE

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Red Yeast Rice Increases Excretion of Bile Acids in Hamsters

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2009年第4期22卷 269-277页

作者： KA-YING MA ZE-SHENG ZHANG SHU-XIN ZHAO QI CHANG YIN-MEI WONG SAI YING VENUS YEUNG Yu HUANG AND ZHEN-YU CHEN Food and Nutritional Sciences Program Department of Biochemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China Faeulty of Food Engineering & Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100193 China Department of Physiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong China

Objective To investigate the hypocholesterolemic activity of red yeast rice （RYR） and its underlying mechanism. Methods Three groups of hamsters were fed either the control diet or one of the two experimental diets containing by weight 0.1% RYR （0.1RYR） or 0.3% RYR （0.3RYR）. Blood （0.5 mL） was collected from the retro-orbital sinus into a heparinized capillary tube at the end of week 0, 3, and 6. Plasma lipoproteins were measured using enzymatic kits, while fecal neutral and acidic sterols were quantified using a gas-liquid chromatography. Results Plasma total cholesterol was reduced by 12% in 0.1RYR group and by 18% in 0.3RYR group compared with the control value. Similarly, plasma triacylglycerol was decreased by 11% in 0.1RYR group and by 24% in 0.3RYR group. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that RYR had no effect on sterol regulatory element binding protein 2, fiver X receptor, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-CoA reductase, LDL receptor, and cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase. HPLC analysis confirmed that RYR contained 0.88% monacolin K. It was recently found that RYR supplementation increased excretion of fecal acidic sterols by 34 folds compared with the conlrol value. Conclusion Hypocholesterolemic activity of RYR is mediated at least partially by enhancement of acidic sterol excretion.

关键词： Bile acid Cholesterol Monacolin Red yeast rice Triacylglcerols

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Improving the encapsulation of β-carotene by nanoliposomes via potato starch/whey protein coating

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International Journal of food science and technology 2024年第4期59卷 2524-2534页

作者： Gu, Jinhui Xu, Tao Pan, Min-hsiung Chiou, Yi-shiou Ding, Baomiao College of Life Science Yangtze University Hubei Jingzhou434025 China Institute of Food Sciences and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Master Degree Program in Toxicology College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City80708 Taiwan

The ability of nanoliposomes (NLs) to encapsulate β-carotene synergistically improved via the potato starch (PS)/whey protein (WP) coating was investigated. The encapsulation efficiency of PS-/WP-coated NL (SP-NL) increased to above 80% compared to that of NL, PS-coated NL, and WP-coated NL. It manifested that the ability of NL to encapsulate β-carotene was significantly enhanced after coating with PS/WP. The encapsulation ability of SP-NL was also influenced by environmental factors (pH, temperature, and ionic strength). Moreover, the storage stability of NL after complexation with PS/WP was effectively enhanced compared to that of NL, PS-coated NL, and WP-coated NL. TEM images showed that SP-NL was fairly spherical, and SP-NL mainly ranged between 100 nm and 500 nm in size. Zeta-potential and particle size indicated that the dispersion of SP-NL was highly stable, and electrostatic forces played a vital role in the stability. Furthermore, the fluorescence polarisation of DPH demonstrated that the decrease in membrane fluidity of NL after PS/WP coating was more obvious from 5.28 to 4.05 compared with that of NL after PS or WP coating, indicating that PS/WP was more effective in increasing the rigidity of the phospholipid layer and improving the structure of the bilayer. The present study suggests that PS/WP coating on NL can be an effective strategy to improve the ability of NL to encapsulate β-carotene and may provide some theoretical support for the development of an effective delivery system for bioactive substances. © 2024 Institute of food, science and technology (IFSTTF).

关键词： Phospholipids

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Corrigendum to "Enzymatic hydrolysis of duck blood protein produces stable bioactive peptides: Pilot-scale production, identification, and stability during gastrointestinal and plasma digestion" [Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 283 (2024), 1-16/137864]

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International journal of biological macromolecules 2025年 289卷 138917页

作者： Phanthipha Laosam Pichitpon Luasiri Chatsirin Nakharuthai Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn Saranya Suwanangul Rakrudee Sarnthima Saranyu Khammuang Kamonpan Sanachai Jirawat Yongsawatdigul Mahmoud Rouabhia Sukanya Tastub Papungkorn Sangsawad Research and Development Institute Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand. School of Animal Technology and Innovation Institute of Agricultural Technology Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand. Program in Food Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering and Agro-industry Maejo University Chiang Mai 50290 Thailand. Protein and Enzyme Technology Research Unit and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand. Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand. School of Food Technology Institute of Agricultural Technology Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand. Oral Ecology Research Group Faculty of Dentistry Laval University Quebec City Quebec G1V 0A6 Canada. Synchrotron Light Research Institute Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand. School of Animal Technology and Innovation Institute of Agricultural Technology Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima 30000 Thailand. Electronic address: papungkorn@sut.ac.th.

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Size-dependence hydrophobicity in nanocrystalline talc produced by high-intensity planetary ball milling

Size-dependence hydrophobicity in nanocrystalline talc produ...

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2015 MRS Spring Meeting on Fabrication and Properties of Oxide Thin Films, Nanostructures and Interfaces for Advanced Applications

作者： Caban-Nevarez, Rebeca Perales Perez, Oscar J. Food Science and Technology Program University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez MayaguezPR 00680 United States Department of Engineering Science and Materials University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez MayaguezPR 00680 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510872325

Micron-size tab samples were ground using a high-intensity planetary ball mill at different milling times as an attempt to reduce particle size and study the effect on the corresponding hydrophobicity. XRD and SEM results confirmed the decrease ii the particle size. H1K spectroscopy analyses revealed the talc characteristic bands centered on 669 cm-1 for the O-H bonds and 1018 cm-1 for the Si-O bonds, as well as a degradation in the talc structure for prolonged muling times. BET results indicate an kicrease of specific surface area, which also confirms particle size reduction, reaching a maximum at 1 h, after which the particles agglomerate. Contact angle measurements show a decrease h the hydrophobicity of tab after muling. Although tab retains its hydrophobicity after short milling periods, prolonged grinding causes the mineral to have a more hydrophilic character. © 2015 Materials Research Society.

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Hair growth-promoting effects of Stellera chamaejasme L. extract on C57BL/6 mice via induction of anagen phase genes

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical sciences 2025年

作者： Jin-Woo Kim Banzragch Dorjsembe Chu Won Nho Pahn-Shick Chang Jin-Chul Kim Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural Genomics Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Center for Natural Product Efficacy Optimization Korea Institute of Science and Technology Gangneung 25451 Republic of Korea Smart Farm Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung 25451 Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Center for Food and Bioconvergence Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea Center for Agricultural Microorganism and Enzyme Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea

Objective To evaluate the effects of Stellera chamaejasme L. ( S. chamaejasme , Rui Xiang Lang Du) extract on hair growth in a mouse model. Methods The extract was prepared using 95% ethanol and topically applied as a 1% or 3% solution to the dorsal skin of shaved mice for 16 consecutive days. A control mouse group received an equal volume of vehicle for the same period. After 16 days, the dorsal skin was histologically examined through hematoxylin-eosin staining. Further, quantitative real time - polymerase chain reaction was performed on skin tissue lysates to evaluate the expression levels of mRNAs encoding proteins involved in hair growth, including WNT10A, noggin (NOG), transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 (TBR1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), versican, fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10), lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Results Compared with vehicle, S. chamaejasme extract dose-dependently enhanced hair growth. Histological analysis revealed that S. chamaejasme extract increased the number and diameter of hair follicles in subcutaneous tissue, as well as dermal layer thickness, which are indicative of anagen phase induction. Additionally, S. chamaejasme extract upregulated the mRNA expression levels of WNT10A, NOG, TBR1, EFG, FGF10, LEF1, and TGF-β. Conclusion The results suggest that S. chamaejasme extract could be a potential treatment for promoting hair growth.

关键词： Stellera chamaejasme L. Traditional medicinal herb Hair growth Anagen phase

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Cellulase activity of Bacillus velezensis isolated from soil in a dairy farm 5

Cellulase activity of Bacillus velezensis isolated from soil...

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5th International Conference on Agricultural and Biological sciences, ABS 2019

作者： Narkthewan, P. Makkapan, W. Food and Agricultural Biotechnology Program Department of General Science and Liberal Arts King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Prince of Chumphon Campus Pathiu Chumphon86160 Thailand

The aim of the present study was to isolate and screen cellulase producing bacteria from soils including characterizing the cellulase activity of the identified bacterial strain. Screening of the cellulase producing bacteria was performed on a carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) agar (pH 7.0) plate at 37°C for 3 days. Bacterial isolate, namely CC1-1, showed the highest cellulase activity on the CMC agar plate. Subsequently, it was identified as Bacillus velezensis based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Cellulase production was carried out under submerged fermentation. The maximum CMCase and FPase activity of 0.030 U/ml and 0.047 U/ml were obtained after 20 h and 32 h, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature of CMCase activity were 6.0 and 60°C, respectively. The cellulase activities were active in a broad pH and temperature range. The CMCase activity was stable at pH 6.0-7.0, 37°C for 120 min and the stability of CMCase was revealed at 50-60°C for 90 min with over 80% remaining activity. However, the optimum pH and temperature of FPase activity were 7.0 and 50°C, respectively. The FPase activity was stable at pH 6.0, 37°C for 90 min and its activity was stable at 60°C for 60 min with over 80% remaining activity. Due to its particular properties, cellulase-producing B. velezensis could be a potential candidate for the composting process. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Bacteria

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