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Maltodextrin quality prepared from spoiled and leftover rice 2

Maltodextrin quality prepared from spoiled and leftover rice

2nd International Conference of Interdisciplinary Research on Green Environmental Approach for Sustainable Development, ICROEST 2020

作者： Rahman, A. Genisa, J. Zainal Food Science and Technology Study Program Hasanuddin University Indonesia Food Processing Laboratory Food Science and Technology Study Program Hasanuddin University Indonesia Food Quality Control Laboratory Food Science and Technology Study Program Hasanuddin University Indonesia

Rice is consumed by most people, especially in Asian countries. Rice consumption resulting left oever rice. Rice also has a low storability and resilience because it is susceptible to microorganisms. It will change to spoiled rice if leave it at room temperature. Both kinds of rice become mull. Hence, it required further processing of spoiled rice and leftover rice. One of the alternatives that can be done is by converting rice into maltodextrin. Maltodextrin is widely used in various industries including food, beverage, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Similar to starch, maltodextrin is widely used as a thickener as well as an emulsifier. This research was conducted to determine the quality of matodextrin resulting from spoiled rice and leftover rice. Rice converted to maltodextrin by amylase enzyme and dried by using a spray dryer. The treatment is replicated 3 times and the data is statistically analyzed by using T-test. The parameters are water content, ash content, and color. The results showed that the water content of maltodextrin from spoiled rice was 1.6% and the leftover rice was 1.35%. In addition, the ash content resulted 0.37% and 0.48% for spoiled rice and leftover rice, respectively. The color test conducted using a chromameter shows that the brightness is suitable with the expected color of the maltodextrin. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Color

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Nutritional, chemical, and prospect of "mandai," traditional fermented food of Kalimantan

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Journal of Ethnic foods 2025年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： Yudistira, Sukma Amaliah, Nur Gozali, Gozali Purwaningrum, Hesti Gusriza, Fondina Sari, Rini Eka Kuntari, Erlina Daru Wibowo, Singgih Tri Yelfiarita, Yelfiarita Malik, Shintami Rouwelvia Wigati, Dyan Sulistiadi, Slamet Department of Tourism Universitas Negeri Padang West Sumatera Padang 25131 Indonesia Faculty of Food Science Mulawarman University East Kalimantan Samarinda 75123 Indonesia Department of Tourism Balikpapan State Polytechnic East Kalimantan Balikpapan 76126 Indonesia Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ambarrukmo STIPRAM Bantul Yogyakarta 55198 Indonesia Department of Tourism Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur East Java Surabaya 60294 Indonesia Tour and Travel Business Department of Business Administration Politeknik Negeri Padang 25142 West Sumatera Padang Indonesia Universitas Mahakarya Asia Sleman Yogyakarta 55285 Indonesia Department of Travel Politeknik Pariwisata NHI Bandung East Java Bandung 40141 Indonesia Department of Agricultural Business Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh West Sumatera Limapuluh Kota 26271 Indonesia Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tadulako Central Sulawesi Kota Palu 94148 Indonesia Bachelor of Pharmacy Study Program Faculty of Health Sciences Universitas Dr Soebandi East Java Jember 68111 Indonesia Agriculture and Biosystem Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto Central Java Banyumas 53145 Indonesia

Mandai, a traditional fermented delicacy, is produced from the inner peel of the cempedak fruit (Artocarpus champeden). This unique food is a culinary heritage of the Banjar ethnic group residing in Kalimantan, and is part of Indonesia’s rich collection of traditional fermented foods. This study aimed to analyze mandai by examining its fermentation processes and chemical and nutritional composition. It also discusses the potential and prospects of mandai development in the future. Through a narrative literature review, this study synthesized insights into mandai, emphasizing its significance as a functional food with rich antioxidant and probiotic properties. This review also shows that processing mandai through starter-induced fermentation can improve its quality and standards. This study serves as an important foundation for future mandai research by emphasizing the functional benefits and processing methods of mandai. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Mandai Mandai chemical Mandai nutrition Potentials mandai Prospect mandai Traditional fermented food

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ENZYMATIC RELEASE OF PHOSPHATE FROM RAT MOLAR ENAMEL BY PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASE

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NATURE 1969年第5205期223卷 520-+页

作者： KREITZMAN, SN IRVING, S NAVIA, JM HARRIS, RS Training Program in Oral Science Department of Nutrition and Food Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge

THE aetiology of dental caries has defied complete understanding, despite the fact that the production of bacterial acids at the sites of caries attack has been recognized since the days of Miller, some ninety years ago. Although alternatives to acids have at times been considered, they have never been convincing.

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Bioactive compounds from tropical fruit by-products: Extraction, characterization and therapeutic potential

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Journal of Agriculture and food Research 2025年 21卷

作者： Otero-Guzman, Niza Andrade-Pizarro, Ricardo Ph.D. Program in Food Science and Technology Universidad de Córdoba Cra. 6 #77-305 Córdoba Montería Colombia

The processing of tropical fruits generates large amounts of residues, such as peels or seeds, with great nutraceutical potential due to their high content of bioactive compounds: polyphenols, carotenoids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer and anti-obesity properties. However, there are several challenges associted with the efficient extraction and accurate characterization of these compounds, including the complexity of plant matrices, variability in compound polarity, and the need for scalable, eco-friendly methods that preserve their bioactivity. This review highlights the bioactive composition, the most important and studied therapeutic properties of the by-products of different tropical fruits such as mango, pineapple, and avocado, and the main extraction, identification, and characterization techniques of these compounds. A scientific surveillance analysis of studies published on the last 5 years revealed a 67.6 % increase in research activity, with a growing emphasis on green extraction technologies—such as ultrasound-assisted, microwave-assisted, and supercritical fluid extraction— and the use of emerging solvents like natural deep eutectic solvents. Moreover, there is increasing interest in optimizing extraction conditions and in validating the functional potential of bioactive compounds through in vitro digestion and bioavailability assays. These trends underscore the strategic relevance of tropical fruit by-products as a sustainable source of functional compounds. The integration of clean technologies, optimization and scale-up strategies, and advanced analytical methods supports their valorization and promotes the development of high value-added nutraceuticals aligned with circular economy principles and public health objectives. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Antioxidants Bioaccessibility Green technologies Health benefits Phytochemicals

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Chitosan and gum arabic as wall materials to encapsulate Hopea beccariana Burck stem bark extract into powder form by spray drying

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Bioresource technology Reports 2025年 30卷

作者： Raharjo, Dwi Praseptiangga, Danar Zaman, M. Zukhrufuz Yunus, Ahmad Doctoral Program of Agricultural Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture University of Tanjungpura Pontianak Indonesia Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture University of Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia Department of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture University of Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia

This study aimed to encapsulate Hopea beccariana Burck stem bark extract into powder form using the spray-dryer method, with chitosan and gum arabic as wall materials. The encapsulation process was optimized by varying the wall materials to obtain the powder's desired physicochemical properties. The results showed that the combination of chitosan and gum arabic using a ratio of 5 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL, respectively, protected quercetin compounds of 51.13 mg/g from 71.37 mg/g and showed the inhibition zone of 10.48–14.18 mm and the minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.156 mg/mL. However, the minimum bactericidal concentration exceeded 5 mg/mL. The resulting powder had a particle size of 79.71 nm and a solubility of 89.6 %. The result showed that the potential of chitosan and gum arabic as wall materials in natural preservatives should be highlighted. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Hormones

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Exclusive breastfeeding and its associated factors among children aged 0–5 months in Sierra Leone: a multilevel analysis

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International Breastfeeding Journal 2025年第1期20卷 1-10页

作者： Tommy, Alieu Osborne, Augustus Jahanpour, Ola Farid Fornah, Lovel Kanu, Joseph Sam Zha, Longying Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Southern Medical University Guangdong Guangzhou 510515 China Health Promotion Program Ministry of Health Western Area Freetown Sierra Leone Institute for Development IfD Western Area Freetown Sierra Leone Research and Evaluation Unit Health Promotion Support Dar Es Salaam Tanzania School of Public Health Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Shandong Jinan 250012 China Department of Public Health Ernest Bai Koroma University of Science and Technology Makeni Campus Makeni Sierra Leone National Disease Surveillance Program Ministry of Health Western Area Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Community Health College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences University of Sierra Leone Western Area Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public Health Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) Southern Medical University Guangdong Guangzhou 510515 China

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is a crucial public health intervention with significant benefits for infants and maternal health. In Sierra Leone, despite national efforts to promote exclusive breastfeeding, prevalence remains suboptimal. Understanding the factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding practices among children aged 0–5 months is essential for developing effective interventions to increase exclusive breastfeeding rates. This study examined the sociodemographic, and healthcare-related factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in Sierra Leone. Methods: Data from the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey was used for the study. A mixed-effect multilevel binary logistic regression models was fitted to examine the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in Sierra Leone. The results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and intra-cluster correlation coefficients. Results: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among children aged 0-5 months was 54.1% (95% CI 50.2, 57.9) in Sierra Leone. Children aged 2–3 months (aOR 0.30;95% CI: 0.20, 0.45) and 4–5 months (aOR 0.08;95% CI: 0.05, 0.13) had lower odds of exclusive breastfeeding than those aged 0–1 months. Children of mothers with a history of skilled birth attendance (aOR 0.55;95% CI: 0.32, 0.96) had lower odds of exclusive breastfeeding than those without skilled birth attendance. Children of mothers in rural areas (aOR 1.62;95% CI: 1.03, 2.55) had higher odds for exclusive breastfeeding than those in urban areas. Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for targeted interventions to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates, particularly for infants aged 2-5 months, where the odds are significantly lower. There is also a critical need to enhance postnatal care and education for mothers, especially those with skilled birth attendance, to ensure they receive adequate support for breastfeeding practices. Furthermore, leveraging the strengths o

关键词： Exclusive breastfeeding Healthcare utilization Infant and young child feeding Sierra Leone Sociodemographic factors

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Extraction Processes, Bioaccessibility, Antioxidant Capacity, and Potential Prebiotic Effect of Co-Product Extracts From Fruits of the Spondias Genus

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Journal of food science 2025年第5期90卷 e70260页

作者： Morais, Ivania Samara dos Santos Silva Pinheiro, Lucas Monteiro Bezerra Santos, Fernanda Pereira Lima, Marcos dos Santos Santos, Karina Maria Olbrich dos Albuquerque, Carolina Lima Cavalcanti de Cardarelli, Haissa Roberta Postgraduation Program in Food Science and Technology Department of Food Engineering Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil Department of Food Technology Federal Institute of Sertão de Pernambuco Petrolina Brazil Embrapa Food Agroindustry Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Food Technology Center for Technology and Regional Development Federal University of Paraiba João Pessoa Brazil

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated which extraction methods among agitation (ethanol and water, 60 min), ultrasonic bath–assisted (ethanol and water, 15 min), and supercritical fluid extraction (CO₂ and ethanol, 40°C, 15 Mpa) would be superior for producing co-product extracts from seriguela (Spondias purpurea), caja (Spondias mombin), and umbu-caja (Spondias spp.). The bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds and potential prebiotic effects were also investigated. The in vitro prebiotic effect of the extracts was tested using Lactobacillus acidophilus (La-3), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB-12), and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (CNPC004) through cell viability and pH monitoring over 48 h, along with their prebiotic score against an enteric mixture (Escherichia coli). Ultrasonic bath–assisted extraction achieved the highest antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content across all extracts;in contrast, supercritical fluid extraction exhibited the lowest results, primarily for the seriguela extract (32.09 ± 0.89 mg GAE/100 g). Although the bioaccessibility of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity decreases after in vitro digestion, some individual phenolics exhibited high bioaccessibility levels, such as epicatechin gallate (135.5%) in caja extract and 125.3% in seriguela;catechin (106.6%) in seriguela;and gallic acid (108.5%) in umbu-caja. All extracts positively influenced probiotic viability, with a 2-log CFU/mL growth in all strains by the end of incubation. Seriguela extract showed the best results, with a final pH of 3.57 and higher cell counts, particularly for CNPC004 (9 log CFU/mL), and the highest prebiotic score among the co-products. These findings indicate that ultrasound-assisted extraction effectively captures phenolic compounds from Spondias co-products, suggesting promising biological applications due to the bioaccessibility and prebiotic activity of the phenolic compounds. Practical Application: Extracts from Spondias fruit co-products off

关键词： conventional extraction prebiotic compounds supercritical fluid extraction total phenolic content ultrasonic bath

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Toxicological screening of jambolan hydroalcoholic extract (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Toxicology Reports 2025年 14卷 101999页

作者： Lopes, Beatriz Silva dos Santos Melo, Yohanna Layssa de Sousa Teixeira, Júlia Robert dos Santos, Jéssica Anarellis Barbosa de Araújo Morais, Ana Heloneida dos Santos Lima, Marcos Luchiari, Ana Carolina da Silva-Maia, Juliana Kelly Nutrition Postgraduate Program Health Science Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Brazil FishLab Department of Physiology and Behavior Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Department of Nutrition Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Postgraduate Program Biosciences Center Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Department of Food Technology Federal Institute of Sertão Pernambucano Petrolina Brazil

Jambolan (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) is an important source of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins, known for their biological properties. This study investigated the acute toxicity of jambolan hydroalcoholic extract (JE) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) at different life stages. JE, obtained from freeze-dried fruits, was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and found to be rich in total phenolic compounds (TPC). A total of 15 phenolic compounds were identified in the HPLC extracts, mainly anthocyanins (≈ 82 % of TPC), and JE presented relevant antioxidant properties in in vitro tests. Exposure to concentrations between 50 and 200 µg/ml resulted in increased malformations and mortality in both embryos and adult zebrafish, and doses of 300 and 400 µg/ml were lethal to the animals. Lethal concentrations (LC50) were estimated at 118.4 µg/ml for embryos and 68.86 µg/ml for adults. Despite no significant cardiovascular or neurological toxicities, behavioral impacts were observed at lower concentrations (10 µg/ml), indicating a nonmonotonic concentration-response curve. Our findings suggest that moderate JE doses (around 25 µg/ml) are safe for zebrafish;however, further studies are needed to ensure its safety and efficacy under different health conditions and exposure regimes. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Anthocyanins Biosafety BrachyDanio rerio Myrtaceae Toxicity development

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PB, CD AND HG CONTENTS OF BIVALVES COLLECTED DURING THE DIFFERENT SEASONS OF THE YEAR

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food CHEMISTRY 1989年第4期32卷 239-255页

作者： LUIS, ES BALAGOT, AH VILLAFLOR, AC SANCHEZ, FC DEVELLES, EN Food Research Program National Institute of Science and Technology DOST Science Complex Bicutan Taguig M. M. Philippines

Levels of lead, cadmium and mercury were determined in talaba (Ostrea malabonensis, F.), tahong (Perna viridis, L.), halaan (Arca spp.) and tulya (Corbicula manilensis, P.) including the seawater where the saltwater bivalves were harvested. The bivales were sampled during the dry (March-June), wet (July-October) and cold (November-February) seasons of the years 1983-1985. The heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The solutions for Pb and Cd determination were prepared by dry ashing at ***. C with the use of 20% H2SO4 as ashing aid followed by wet oxidation of the residue with sulfuric acid and 30% H2O2. Samples for total mercury determination were prepared by solubilization at ***. C with concentrated H2SO4, oxidized with 6% KMnO4 solution and reduced with stannous chloride solution. The average concentration of Pb, Cd and Hg in the bivalves (talaba, tahong, halaan and tulya) ranged from 0.64 to 2.24 ppm, 0.06 to 0.66 ppm and 0.62 to 11.68 ppb, respectively. However, the variations due to sample and season of the PB and CD contents in the bivalves were found insignificant. In contrast, the Hg content of the the bivalves varied significanlty with the sample and the season. The same trends were also noted in the Pb, Cd and Hg content in the seawater which ranged from 0.66 to 1.16 ppm, 0.07 to 0.10 ppm and 1.8 to 2.6 ppb, respectively. The saltwater bivalves exhibited low bio-accumulation factors for the three metals studied. Overall, the findings demonstrated that the four bivalves are safe for human consumption and that the ecosystems where they were harvested do not pose any hazard to man or to marine life. However, caution should be taken if these bivalves are to be considered for feeding children. For example the FAO/WHO recommendation for PB is 5 .mu.g/kg body weight/day for adults. However, children have about five times the gastrointestinal absorption rate of adults and consumption of these bivalves by children may predisp

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Mogroside V inhibits LPS-induced COX-2 expression/ROS production and overexpression of HO-1 by blocking phosphorylation of AKT1 in RAW264.7 cells

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生物化学与生物物理学报（英文版） 2019年第4期51卷 365-374页

作者： Yong Li Luyan Zou Tao Li Dengni Lai Yanyang Wu Si Qin Core Research Program 1515 Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province College of Food Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China Core Research Program 1515 Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology of Hunan Province College of Food Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima University Korimoto 1-21-24 Kagoshima 890-0065 Japan

Momordica grosvenori is a valuable edible plant with medicinal purposes,and it is widely used in medicated diets and traditional Chinese medicine in *** V (MV),the main bioactive component from ***,is commonly used as a natural *** extracts have been reported to exert potent anti-inflammatory property,however the underlying molecular mechanism still remains *** the present study,the biological effect of MV in inflammation was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 *** ELISA and western blot analysis results showed that MV significantly inhibited LPS-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) *** markedly decreased the phosphorylation of IκB-α,increased IκB-α,and reduced nuclear p-65 and C/EBPδ.Furthermore,MV attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs and AKT1,and only the phosphorylation status of AKT1 was found to be consistent with the expression trend of ***,MV reduced ROS level and restored overexpressed HO-1 and AP-1 to basal level,which can be markedly reversed by AKT1 inhibitor *** results revealed that AKT1 plays a key role in LPS-induced COX-2 expression,and acts as a mediator to keep the redox balance in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 *** exerts anti-inflammatory property by blocking AKT1-mediated NF-κB and C/EBPδ activation,ROS generation and AP-1/HO-1 ***,the present study indicated that MV has a significant chemopreventive effect on the inflammatory lesions and suggested that AKT1 is a potential specific target of MV for relieving inflammation.

关键词： Mogroside V anti-inflammatory property HO-1 NF-κB AKT1 ROS

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