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IEEE Potentials 2004年第1期23卷 24-27页

作者： Doom, Travis Raymer, Michael Krane, Dan IEEE Wright State University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graduate Faculty in Biomedical Sciences Dayton OH United States WSU Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program Forensic Bioinformatics Inc. United States Bioinformatics Research Group Computer Science Department Wright State University United States

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关键词： bioinformatics Biology computing Biological information theory Data analysis Computational biology Proteins Biochemistry Sequences Genomics Large-scale systems

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India’s Latest NHRC Advisory on the Problem of Floating Corpses in the River Ganges: forensic Dental Recommendations

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Journal of Indian Academy of forensic Medicine 2023年第2期45卷 199-202页

作者： Gawali, R.A. Sharma, N.K. Bhargav, C.P. Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Pune India Cancer and Translational Research Centre Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth Pune India Laboratory of Forensic Biology and Biotechnology School of Forensic Science National Forensic Sciences University Sector 9 Gandhinagar India

In May 2021, thousands of human dead bodies were seen floating in the down-streams of the river Ganges. This incident highlights a few glaring issues, such as the inhumane treatment of human corpses, the potential escalation of the bio-hazardous situation, and most importantly the possibility of foul play and involvement of crime. As a response to this incident, the National Human Rights Commission issued a detailed advisory regarding the dignified management of the dead to all the states and union territories of India. In India to date, the identity of the dead is never associated with their dignity. The article introduces the 'right to identity' after death as an important interpretation and natural extension of the right to live with dignity. It is not only essential to identify a dead from a humanitarian perspective, but also from a forensic aspect to rule out any crime or wrongdoing. This article gives fundamental administrative recommendations in regards to how forensic odontology can solve the problem of unidentified dead bodies in India while maintaining their dignity. © (2023). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Dignity of dead forensic odontology National human rights commission Right to identity Unidentified dead

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Fine-scale north-to-south genetic admixture profile in Shaanxi Han Chinese revealed by genome-wide demographic history reconstruction

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植物分类学报 2022年第4期60卷 955-972页

作者： Guang-Lin He Meng-Ge Wang Ying-Xiang Li Xing Zou Hui-Yuan Yeh Ren-Kuan Tang Xiao-Min Yang Zheng Wang Jian-Xin Guo Ting Luo Jing Zhao Jin Sun Rong Hu Lan-Hai Wei Gang Chen Yi-Ping Hou Chuan-Chao Wang Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and MedicineState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceState Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biologyand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Institute of Forensic Medicine West China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute of Forensic Medicine West China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and MedicineState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceState Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biologyand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Humanities Nanyang Technological UniversityNanyang 639798Singapore Department of Forensic Medicine College of Basic MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400331China Hunan Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics School of Computer Science and EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410075China

The Han Chinese are the world's largest ethnic group residing across *** province in northern China was a pastoral-agricultural interlacing region sensitive to climate change since Neolithic times,which makes it a vital place for studying population ***,genetic studies of Shaanxi Han are underrepresented due to the lack of high-density sampling and genome-wide ***,we genotyped 700 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in 200 Han individuals from nine populations in Shaanxi and compared with available modem and ancient Eurasian *** revealed a north-south genetic cline in Han Chinese with Shaanxi Han locating at the northern side of the *** detected the western Eurasian-related admixture in Shaanxi populations,especially in Guanzhong and Shanbei Han Chinese in proportions of 2％-4.6％.Shaanxi Han were suggested to derive a large part of ancestry(39％-69％)from a lineage that also contributed largely to ancient and present-day Tibetans(85％)as well as southern Han,supporting the common northern China origin of modem Sino-Tibetan-speaking populations and southwestward expansion of millet farmers from the middle-upper Yellow River Basin to the Tibetan Plateau and to southern *** rest of the ancestry of Shaanxi Han was from a lineage closely related to ancient and present-day Austronesian and Tai-Kadai speaking populations in southern China and Southeast *** also observed a genetic substructure in Shaanxi Han in terms of north-south-related ancestry corresponding well to the *** mitochondrial DNA and paternal Y-chromosome lineages further demonstrated the aforementioned admixture pattern of Han Chinese in Shaanxi province.

关键词： ancestral makeup genetic relationship haplogroup Northern Han population substructure western Eurasian admixture

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An improved SVM algorithm based on normalization and Liu-Transformation

An improved SVM algorithm based on normalization and Liu-Tra...

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International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Pattern Recognition (ICWAPR)

作者： Hsiang-Chuan Liu Ya-Ching Chiu Chien-Hsiung Liao Tung-Sheng Liu Department of Bioinformatics Asia University Taiwan Forensic Science Center of Military Police Command Taiwan

The support vector machine (SVM) classifier is a popular and appealing classifier .It could be improved by taking some transformation about the original data before classification even sometimes its performance is not good,. In our previous paper, two transformations, NWFE-Transformation and Liu-Transformation are considered. The results showed that the SVM with our Liu-Transformation algorithm has the best performance. In this paper, we considered the further improved SVM algorithm based on not only the Liu-transformation but also the well known normalization, For evaluating the performances of the SVM without any transformation and normalization, the SVM with NWFE-Transformation and Liu-Transformation, respectively, the SVM with one of above two transformations and the well known normalization, a real data experiment by using 5-fold and Leave-one-out Cross-Validation accuracy is conducted. Experimental result shows that the SVM with the proposed Liu-Transformation algorithm and the well known normalization algorithm has the best performance.

关键词： Support vector machines Classification algorithms Accuracy Algorithm design and analysis Feature extraction Training Wavelet analysis

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Homicide in Denmark 1992–2016

Forensic Science International: Synergy

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forensic Science International: Synergy 2019年 1卷 275-282页

作者： Thomsen, Asser H. Leth, Peter M. Hougen, Hans Petter Villesen, Palle Brink, Ole Department of Forensic Medicine Aarhus University Palle Juul-Jensen Boulevard 99 Aarhus N 8200 Denmark Department of Forensic Medicine University of Southern Denmark J. B. Winsloews Vej 17 Odense C DK-5000 Denmark Department of Forensic Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederik V´s vej 11 Copenhagen 2100 Denmark Bioinformatics Research Centre Aarhus University CF Moellers Alle 8 Aarhus C 8000 Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University Denmark

We present the findings for homicides in Denmark for 1992–2016. There were 1417 homicide victims (62.2% males, 37.8% females) that were killed in 1321 homicide events. The most common methods were sharp force trauma (33.2%), gunshot (22.2%), blunt force trauma (21.9%) and asphyxia (17.6%), and all methods exhibited a reduction during the study period. The homicide rate was 1.05 per 100,000, 1.32 per 100,000 for males, and 0.78 per 100,000 for females. Domestic homicides were the largest main group of homicides (76.5% of all female victims vs. 23.6% of male victims). Of the non-domestic homicides, 84.2% of victims were male, the largest group being in the setting of nightlife and/or intoxication. Most female victims (76.9%) were killed by someone in their family, while the largest share of male victims (34.5%) were killed by a friend or acquaintance. The offenders were males in 87.9% of all homicides. © 2019 The Authors

关键词： forensic pathology Homicide Interpersonal violence

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Community structure of Lumbricidae in beech woodland of the Bieszczady National Park, Southeast Poland

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 391-397页

作者： Anna MAZUR-PĄCZKA Grzegorz PĄCZKA Joanna KOSTECKA Kevin R.BUTT Marcin JAROMIN Mariola GARCZYŃSKA Agnieszka PODOLAK University of Rzeszów Faculty of Biology and AgricultureDepartment of Natural Theories of Agriculture and Environmental Education1a Cwiklinskiej St.Rzeszów 35-959Poland University of Central Lancashire Forensic and Applied SciencesPreston PR12HEUK Rzeszów University of Technology Faculty of ChemistryDepartment of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics6 Powstancow Warszawy AvenueRzeszów 35-959Poland

As ecosystem engineers,earthworms play a key role in the soil ***,due to increasing anthropogenic pressure,soil organisms,including earthworms,are being threatened by habitat *** this study,we undertook a qualitative and quantitative investigation of earthworms of the family Lumbricidae in four types of Carpathian beech woodland(Fagetum carpaticum),characterized by their understory vegetation(I,*** drymejae;Ⅱ,***;Ⅲ,***;and IV,***),in the Bieszczady National Park(Eastern Carpathians,Southeast Poland).At each investigated site,soil monoliths(25 cm×25 cm×25 cm)were examined by hand *** were expelled from deep soil layers using a weak formalin solution(0.4%).Depending on the phytocoenosis,7 species of Lumbricidae were identified at each of the sites I,Ⅱ,andⅢand 10 at site *** IV(***)differed significantly(P<0.05)from the other three sites with respect to earthworm biomass(59.71±39.53 g m^(-2))and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(0.52±0.12).Although present three decades ago,the deep-burrowing species Octodrilus transpadanus and the litter-dwelling species Dendrobaena octaedra were not found at site IV in the present *** suspect that these two species may have been displaced by the invasive Lumbricus terrestris,which was not found at the same site in the *** observations warrant further investigation to verify the predicted effects of an invasive earthworm,including the potential effects on soils and other fauna and flora,which have been documented in numerous countries.

关键词： beech forest earthworm invasive species Shannon-Wiener diversity index species diversity species dominance

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Genome and transcriptome of Papaver somniferum Chinese landrace CHM indicates that massive genome expansion contributes to high benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 38-50页

作者： Li Pei Baishi Wang Jian Ye Xiaodi Hu Lihong Fu Kui Li Zhiyu Ni Zhenlong Wang Yujie Wei Luye Shi Ying Zhang Xue Bai Mengwan Jiang Shuhui Wang Chunling Ma Shujin Li Kaihui Liu Wanshui Li Bin Cong Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Public SecurityNo.17 South Muxidi LaneXicheng District100038 BeijingPeople’s Republic of China College of Forensic Medicine Hebei Medical UniversityHebei Key Laboratory of Forensic MedicineInnovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular IdentificationNo.361 Zhongshan East Road050017 ShijiazhuangHebeiPeople’s Republic of China Novogene Bioinformatics Institute BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Hebei University No.180 Wusidong RoadBaodingHebei ProvincePeople’s Republic of China School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityNo.100 Science Road450001 ZhengzhouHenanPeople’s Republic of China Gansu Academy of Agri-Engineering Technology No.234 Xinzhen RoadHuangyang TownLiangzhou District733006 WuweiGansuPeople’s Republic of China Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences430074 WuhanPeople’s Republic of China

Opium poppy(Papaver somniferum)is a source of morphine,codeine,and semisynthetic derivatives,including oxycodone and ***,we report the de novo assembly and genomic analysis of *** traditional landrace‘Chinese Herbal Medicine’.Variations between the 2.62 Gb CHM genome and that of the previously sequenced high noscapine 1(HN1)variety were also *** 79,668 protein-coding genes,we functionally annotated 88.9%,compared to 68.8%reported in the HN1 *** family and 4DTv comparative analyses with three other Papaveraceae species revealed that opium poppy underwent two whole-genome duplication(WGD)*** first of these,in ancestral Ranunculales,expanded gene families related to characteristic secondary metabolite production and disease *** more recent species-specific WGD mediated by transposable elements resulted in massive genome *** carrying structural variations and large-effect variants associated with agronomically different phenotypes between CHM and HN1 that were identified through our transcriptomic comparison of multiple organs and developmental stages can enable the development of new *** genomic and transcriptomic analyses will provide a valuable resource that informs future basic and agricultural studies of the opium poppy.

关键词： alkaloid expansion benzyl

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Identifying a monozygotic twin brother as a donor of DNA in minimal, mixed forensic stains – A case example

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forensic Science International: Genetics 2025年 78卷 103292-103292页

作者： van der Gaag, Kristiaan J. van Marion, Vincent van den Berg, Redmar R. Weiler, Natalie E.C. Hoogenboom, Jerry Kal, Arnoud Kayser, Manfred de Knijff, Peter Laros, Jeroen F.J. Sijen, Titia Slooten, Klaas Division of Biological Traces Netherlands Forensic Institute The Hague Netherlands Department of Human Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands Department of Hematology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands Department of Genetic Identification Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Services National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Bilthoven Netherlands University of Amsterdam Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences Amsterdam Netherlands VU University Department of Mathematics Amsterdam Netherlands

In forensic casework, monozygotic twins have always provided a challenge, as routinely used forensic Short Tandem Repeat (STR) profiles are not able to differentiate between the twin individuals. In this study, we applied a method to discriminate between two monozygotic twin brothers in a sexual assault case that is unique and challenging for several reasons: the use of contact stains as evidence, the stains contain DNA from two persons (victim and one of the brothers), have minimal amounts of DNA, and there are PCR inhibiting factors. Despite these challenging factors, we present a successfully solved case in which whole genome sequencing was applied to identify multiple somatic differences between the two brothers. Validation of the developed methods and the identified differences was performed on material provided by the two siblings, before applying the method on two evidentiary stains. A statistical framework was developed to provide a likelihood calculation for this type of analysis in mixed stains. The results were accepted in court and contributed to the conviction of the case suspect. Here we provide the scientific details in order to encourage the use of this approach in more such cases in the future. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： forensic DNA analysis Likelihood calculation Monozygotic twins MPS Somatic mutations Targeted massively parallel sequencing WGS Whole genome sequencing

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Fine-scale genetic structure of Tujia and central Han Chinese revealing massive genetic admixture under language borrowing

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植物分类学报 2021年第1期59卷 1-20页

作者： Guang-Lin He Ying-Xiang Li Meng-Ge Wang Xing Zou Hui-Yuan Yeh Xiao-Min Yang Zheng Wang Ren-Kuan Tang Su-Min Zhu Jian-Xin Guo Ting Luo Jing Zhao Jin Sun Zi-Yang Xia Hao-Liang Fan Rong Hu Lan-Hai Wei Gang Chen Yi-Ping Hou Chuan-Chao Wang Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicineand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Institute of Forensic Medicine West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicineand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Institute of Forensic Medicine West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Institute of Forensic Medicine West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China School of Humanities Nanyang Technological UniversityNanyang 639798Singapore Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicineand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Institute of Forensic Medicine West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Forensic Medicine College of Basic Medicine Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400000China Department of Forensic Medicine College of Basic Medicine Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400000China Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicineand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicineand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologyNational Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicineand School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Department of Anthropology and Ethnology In

Archaeological,genetic,and linguistic evidence has supported the idea that northern China is the original center of modern Sino-Tibetan-speaking ***,the demographic history of subsequent southward migration and genetic admixture of Han Chinese with surrounding indigenous populations remain uncharacterized,and the language shifts and assimilations accompanied by movement of people,or just an adaptation of cultural ideas among populations in central China is still unclear,especially for Tibeto-Burman-speaking Tujia and central Han Chinese *** resolve this,we genotyped over 60K genome-wide markers in 505 unrelated individuals from 63 indigenous *** results showed both studied Han and Tujia were at the intermediate position in the modern East Asian North-South genetic cline and there was a correlation between the genetic composition and the *** observed the strong genetic assimilation between Tujia people and central Han Chinese,which suggested massive population movements and genetic admixture under language *** and central Han Chinese could be modeled as a two-way admixture deriving primary ancestry from a northern ancestral population closely related to the ancient DevilsCave and present-day Tibetans and a southern ancestral population closely related to the present-day Tai-Kadai and Austronesian-speaking *** ancestral northern population we suspect to be related to the Neolithic millet farming groups in the Yellow River Basin or central *** showed that the newly genotyped populations in Hubei Province had a higher proportion of DevilsCave or modern Tungusic/Mongolic-related northern ancestries,while the Hunan populations harbored a higher proportion of Austronesian/Tai-Kadai-related southern ancestries.

关键词： demographic history gene flow genetic admixture language borrowing Tibeto-Burman Tujia

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Identifluid mRNA 31: A Comprehensive mRNA forensic Single Source and Mixed Body Fluids Identification System, Combining Six-Dye RT-PCR CE Technology and Machine Learning

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cai, Meiming Chen, Man Wang, Xi Yuan, Xi Lin, Yifeng Liu, Qinglin Chen, Xuebing Wang, Dong Zhu, Bofeng Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification School of Forensic Medicine Southern Medical University Guangdong Guangzhou China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine Shanghai Forensic Service Platform Academy of Forensic Sciences Ministry of Justice Shanghai China Department of Bioinformatics School of Basic Medical Sciences Southern Medical University Guangdong Guangzhou China Southern Medical University China

Accurate identifying body fluids from crime scenes is critical in revealing case nature, reconstructing the scene, and providing detection clues. Many studies have shown that mRNA expression profiling is a sensitive and reliable method for body fluid identification. However, it still has the problems of false-positive and false-negative results due to cross-reactivity of specific markers, and poor identification of mixed samples. To address these issues, we constructed Identifluid mRNA 31, an mRNA multiplex amplification system capable of distinguishing the common single source and mixed body fluids in forensic medicine. The system integrates 26 body fluid-specific mRNAs that are differentially expressed between blood, saliva, vaginal fluid, menstrual blood and semen (each body fluid contains at least 4-6 specific markers), two gender markers, and three housekeeping genes. The multiplex amplification detection system was constructed by RT-PCR CE technology and the system efficacy in forensic medicine was comprehensively evaluated. The results indicated that the system has good species specificity and sensitivity (up to 1 ng). Further, the raw typing data were normalized using a logarithmic function to construct four machine learning prediction models (random forest, support vector machine, neural network and CatBoost), and the results showed that the four models successfully achieved accurate identification of five kinds of body fluid. In addition, seven mixed body fluid types and aged samples were predicted based on a multi-classification support vector machine model, with 100% accuracy. In this study, a comprehensive analysis system for precise body fluid identification was constructed to provide strong technical support for forensic science. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blood

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