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International Conference on Science and technology 2020, ICoST 2020

作者： Mohamad Ruddin, Noor Zulai'ha Rasid, Shaharlina Hermawan, Andi Forest Resource Technology Program Bachelor of Applied Science Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kelantan Malaysia Forest Resource Technology Centre for Post Graduate Studies Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Pangkalan Chepa Malaysia Forest Resource Technology Program Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kelantan Malaysia

In this study, we investigated the drying properties of Sentang (Azadirachta excelsa) dried at different temperatures. Sentang tree planted in Kelantan, Malaysia, was used in this study. Drying specimens with dimensions of 30 ×150 × 500 mm were dried under air-drying conditions, a constant temperature of 60, 80, 100, and 120 °C until the moisture content (MC) of the specimens reaches an equilibrium moisture content (EMC) at each drying condition. The drying properties of the specimens were then examined. The results confirmed that drying temperature had a significant effect on drying time. As expected, drying Sentang under air-drying conditions demanding considerable time than the other drying conditions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Drying

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Textural Features for Blb Disease Damage Assessment in Paddy Fields Using Drone Data and Machine Learning: Enhancing Disease Detection Accuracy

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wijayanto, Arif Kurnia Prasetyo, Lilik Budi Hudjimartsu, Sahid Agustian Sigit, Gunardi Hongo, Chiharu Department of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecotourism Faculty of Forestry and Environment IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Ronpaku Fellow Tokyo102-0083 Japan Environmental Research Center IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Study Program of Information Technology Faculty of Science and Engineering Ibn Khaldun University Bogor16129 Indonesia Regional Office of Food Crops Service West Java Province Cianjur43283 Indonesia Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan

Detecting Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) in paddy fields is one of the essential issues in Indonesia to prevent losses in rice production. This study reports the effectiveness of textural analysis using drone-acquired data over paddy fields in West Java, evaluating the potential of integrating textural and thermal characteristics. We used drone data combined with machine learning techniques to distinguish different levels of BLB impact. The normalized difference texture index derived from Haralick textural features was used as a predictor. The findings revealed that incorporating textural features enhanced the disease detection accuracy significantly compared with the traditional approach based on spectral indices. The random forest algorithm, which merges texture and vegetation indices, achieved a classification accuracy of 0.984. The proposed method offers a robust, noninvasive solution for BLB disease detection, contributing substantially to safeguarding crop yields and mitigating global food security issues. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drones

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Physical properties of 25 years old Sentang (Azadirachta excelsa) planted at Gurun, Kedah

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2454卷

作者： Andi Hermawan Shaharlina Abd Rasid Syazrol Omar Mohd Afifi Shuhaimin 1Forest Resource Technology Program Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kelantan Malaysia 2Forest Resource Technology Centre of Post Graduate Studies Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Pengkalan Chepa Malaysia

To meet the local and international market’s timber demands, Azadirachta excelsa, a native tree locally known as a Sentang, has been listed among the potential fast-growing species to be planted for forest plantation establishment in the mid -1990s by the Malaysian government. Understanding wood properties is well known as crucial for the industry to use it as a raw material properly. Because of the underrepresented and limited accessible data on the tree’s qualities, the species’ potential has been determined. The physical properties of the 25-year-old Sentang tree planted in Gurun, Kedah, Malaysia, were discussed in this paper. The impact of radial growth rates on moisture content, density, and shrinkage from the pith to the bark at the stump, DBH, middle, and top of the trees is investigated in this paper. As a result, three trees were cut and classed as slow, average, or fast-growing. The results were as follows. From the pith to the bark, the green MC of all classed trees continues to diminish. The density, on the other hand, did not follow the same pattern; however, fast-growing trees have lower densities than slower-growing trees at the bottom, DBH, middle, and top of the trees. Tangential, radial, and longitudinal shrinkage appeared to reduce as tree height climbed, then increase again at the trees’ tops.

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Physical properties of 26 years old sentang (Azadirachta excelsa) planted at Batu Melintang, Kelantan

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2454卷

作者： Andi Hermawan Shaharlina Abd Rasid Syazrol Omar Mohd Afifi Shuhaimin 2Forest Resource Technology Program Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kelantan Malaysia 1Forest Resource Technology Centre of Post Graduate Studies Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Pengkalan Chepa Malaysia

Azadirachta excelsa, known as Sentang by a native, a fast-growing and light-hardwood tree, was one of the selected species included in forest plantation projects in the mid-1990s by the Malaysian government to supply timber demands for local and international markets. Ambiguity has been pointed out about the species potential due to understudied and limited data available regarding the properties of the tree. This paper investigates the physical properties of 26 years old Sentang tree planted at Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia. This paper focuses on the effects of radial growth rates on moisture content, density, and shrinkage from the pith to the bark at the stump, diameter-breast height (DBH), middle, and top of the trees. Three trees were categorized into slow, average, and fast growth rates were selected and harvested for this purpose. The green moisture content (MC) of all the categorized trees tends to decrease from the pith to the bark. However, the same tendency was not observed in the density. As predicted, the shrinkage in the tangential direction is higher than in radial and longitudinal directions.

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Advanced Blb Disease Assessment in Paddy Fields Using Multispectral Uav Data and Patch Fragmentation Metrics

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wijayanto, Arif Kurnia Prasetyo, Lilik Budi Hudjimartsu, Sahid Agustian Sigit, Gunardi Hongo, Chiharu Department of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecotourism Faculty of Forestry and Environment IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Ronpaku Fellow Tokyo102-0083 Japan Environmental Research Center IPB University Bogor16680 Indonesia Study Program of Information Technology Faculty of Science and Engineering Ibn Khaldun University Bogor16129 Indonesia Department Agriculture Forestry and Bioresources Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Regional Office of Food Crops Service West Java Province Cianjur43283 Indonesia Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan

This study presents a new method for assessing bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in paddy fields using multispectral UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) data through patch fragmentation analysis. Unlike traditional pixel-based methods, which often fail to capture the spatial context, our approach treats pixels as objects and analyzes their spatial relationships to evaluate BLB severity. We used six patch fragmentation metrics derived from binarized vegetation indices to classify BLB damage scores using a random forest algorithm. This method achieves high accuracy (AUC of 0.938) with a 0.5-meter sampling window, offering a more detailed assessment than conventional pixel-based analysis. This study highlights the benefits of incorporating the spatial context and improving BLB monitoring and management. This innovative approach allows agricultural stakeholders to gain valuable insights into the extent and severity of BLB disease infestation, enabling targeted intervention strategies for disease management and mitigation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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A Universal Canopy Gap Fraction Model for forests with Various Tree Distributions Based on Nilson's Models Considering Directional Overlaps Among Crowns

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Geng, Jun Roujean, Jean-Louis Kuusk, Andres Pang, Yong Tu, Lili Zhang, Teng Chen, Jing M. Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China Toulouse III University Toulouse31400 France Department of Economics Estonia Institute of Forest Resource Information Technique Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing100091 China College of Resources and Environment Anhui Agricultural University Hefei23000 China School of Geographical Sciences Fujian Normal University Fuzhou350108 China Department of Geography and Program in Planning University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G3 Canada

An accurate estimation of forest canopy gap fraction (GF) is a prerequisite for remote sensing retrievals of several associated canopy parameters e.g. leaf area index, fAPAR (fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the canopy), clumping index, etc. A universal canopy GF model for forests is required for various tree distribution patterns on flat and slopping terrains, yet existing models so far do not possess all these abilities simultaneously. For example, the Neyman type-A model, the Poisson model, and the hypergeometric model are suitable only to forests with clumped, random, and regular tree distributions, respectively. In this regard, the suite of Nilson’s canopy GF models developed for forests with various tree distributions have the potential to become universal models. For this purpose, this study attempts to overcome the following limitations of these models to make them be true universally applicable: (1) canopy GF calculated by the Nilson’s models is mostly accurate for various tree distributions at nadir whereas at off-nadir, it is either underestimated for clumped tree distributions or overestimated for regular tree distributions at off-nadir. And (2) Nilson’s models were developed for flat terrains and untested for sloping terrains. Herein, two Nilson’s models are modified by expanding the calculation of overlap among crowns (OAC) at nadir to the whole hemispherical space. The results show that all canopy GF simulations in the new models (New91 and New99) show higher consistency with ray-tracing results than those in original Nilson’s models in all directions, highlighting the need to consider directional OAC. The modified models (especially for New99) are suitable for various tree distributions on flat and slopping terrains and therefore increased the universality of the original Nilson’s models suitable for a wide-range of remote sensing applications. New99 can be deemed as a universal canopy GF model for forests with various tree

关键词： Remote sensing

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Drying properties of Sentang (Azadirachta excelsa) dried under different temperatures

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期596卷

作者： Noor Zulai'ha Mohamad Ruddin Shaharlina Rasid Andi Hermawan Forest Resource Technology Program Bachelor of Applied Science Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kelantan Malaysia Forest Resource Technology Centre for Post Graduate Studies Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Pangkalan Chepa Malaysia Forest Resource Technology Program Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kelantan Malaysia

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Critical land mapping for the development of biomass-based energy in East Lombok Regency, Indonesia 1

Critical land mapping for the development of biomass-based e...

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1st International Conference on Environmental Sciences, ICES 2018

作者： Narendra, B.H. Widiatmaka Kusmana, C. Karlinasari, L. Machfud Study Program of Natural Resource and Environmental Management IPB University Indonesia Department of Soil Science and Land Resources Faculty of Agriculture IPB University Indonesia Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry IPB University Indonesia Department of Agro-Industrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology IPB University Indonesia Department of Forest Products Faculty of Forestry IPB University Indonesia Research Development and Innovation Agency Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia

Utilization of critical land as woody biomass plantations need to be supported by information on the potential of critical land. The objective of this research was to delineate a critical land using remote sensing and GIS techniques combined with Analytical Hierarchy Process method. The parameters used were land use/cover, slope, rainfall erosivity, tolerable soil erosion, soil erodibility, land management, and land productivity. The Analytical Hierarchy Process method was used to provide the weight of each parameter. Land use/cover map was interpreted from SPOT-7 satellite imageries acquired in 2017. The other parameter maps were built based on reference maps, secondary and field data collection as well as soil sample analysis. The resulted map showed that 32.7% area of East Lombok Regency was categorized as a critical area. Based on the land status, the critical land area located in the State forest was smaller (42%) than on the Area for Other Utilization (58%). Utilization of critical land as woody biomass plantation should be prioritized on the shrub-covered land using community forest scheme, while for the area of State forest, the plantation can be only planted in the production forest area applying industrial plantation forest or community plantation forest scheme. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Erosion

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Native diversity buffers against severity of non-native tree invasions ( vol 621,pg 773 , 2023 )

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NATURE 2023年第7982期622卷 E2-E2页

作者： Delavaux, Camille S. Crowther, Thomas W. Zohner, Constantin M. Robmann, Niamh M. Lauber, Thomas van den Hoogen, Johan Kuebbing, Sara Liang, Jingjing de-Miguel, Sergio Nabuurs, Gert-Jan Reich, Peter B. Abegg, Meinrad Yao, Yves C. Adou Alberti, Giorgio Zambrano, Angelica M. Almeyda Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez Alvarez-Davila, Esteban Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia Alves, Luciana F. Ammer, Christian Anton-Fernandez, Clara Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro Arroyo, Luzmila Avitabile, Valerio Aymard, Gerardo A. Baker, Timothy R. Balazy, Radomir Banki, Olaf Barroso, Jorcely G. Bastian, Meredith L. Bastin, Jean-Francois Birigazzi, Luca Birnbaum, Philippe Bitariho, Robert Boeckx, Pascal Bongers, Frans Bouriaud, Olivier Brancalion, Pedro H. S. Brandl, Susanne Brienen, Roel Broadbent, Eben N. Bruelheide, Helge Bussotti, Filippo Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla Cesar, Ricardo G. Cesljar, Goran Chazdon, Robin Chen, Han Y. H. Chisholm, Chelsea Cho, Hyunkook Cienciala, Emil Clark, Connie Clark, David Colletta, Gabriel D. Coomes, David A. Valverde, Fernando Cornejo Corral-Rivas, Jose J. Crim, Philip M. Cumming, Jonathan R. Dayanandan, Selvadurai de Gasper, Andre L. Decuyper, Mathieu Derroire, Geraldine DeVries, Ben Djordjevic, Ilija Dolezal, Jiri Dourdain, Aurelie Obiang, Nestor Laurier Engone Enquist, Brian J. Eyre, Teresa J. Fandohan, Adande Belarmain Fayle, Tom M. Feldpausch, Ted R. Ferreira, Leandro V. Fischer, Markus Fletcher, Christine Frizzera, Lorenzo Gamarra, Javier G. P. Gianelle, Damiano Glick, Henry B. Harris, David J. Hector, Andrew Hemp, Andreas Hengeveld, Geerten Herault, Bruno Herbohn, John L. Herold, Martin Hillers, Annika Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio Hui, Cang Ibanez, Thomas T. Amaral, Ieda Imai, Nobuo Jagodzinski, Andrzej M. Jaroszewicz, Bogdan Johannsen, Vivian Kvist Joly, Carlos A. Jucker, Tommaso Jung, Ilbin Karminov, Viktor Kartawinata, Kuswata Kearsley, Elizabeth Kenfack, David Kennard, Deborah K. Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian Keppel, Gunnar Khan, Mohammed Latif Killeen, Timothy J. Kim, Hyun Seok Kitayama, Kanehiro Kohl, Michael Korju Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich Switzerland Department of Genetics Evolution and Environment University College London London UK The Forest School at The Yale School of the Environment Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA Department of Agriculture Forestry and Bioresources Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Department of Crop and Forest Sciences University of Lleida Lleida Spain Joint Research Unit CTFC–AGROTECNIO–CERCA Solsona Spain Wageningen University and Research Wageningen The Netherlands World Agroforestry (ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St Paul MN USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland UFR Biosciences University Félix Houphouët-Boigny Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire Department of Agricultural Food Environmental and Animal Sciences University of Udine Udine Italy Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bolzano Bolzano Italy Spatial Ecology and Conservation Laboratory Department of Tourism Recreation and Sport Management University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Forestry School Tecnológico de Costa Rica TEC Cartago Costa Rica Fundacion ConVida Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia UNAD Medellin Colombia Field Museum of Natural Histiory Chicago IL USA Center for Tropical Research Institute of the Environment and Sustainability UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany Division of Forest and Forest Resources Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO) Ås Norway Museo de Hi

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Climate, food and humans predict communities of mammals in the United States

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Diversity and Distributions 2024年第9期30卷 e13900-e13900页

作者： Kays, Roland Snider, Matthew H. Hess, George Cove, Michael V. Jensen, Alex Shamon, Hila McShea, William J. Rooney, Brigit Allen, Maximilian L. Pekins, Charles E. Wilmers, Christopher C. Pendergast, Mary E. Green, Austin M. Suraci, Justin Leslie, Matthew S. Nasrallah, Sophie Farkas, Dan Jordan, Mark Grigione, Melissa LaScaleia, Michael C. Davis, Miranda L. Hansen, Chris Millspaugh, Josh Lewis, Jesse S. Havrda, Michael Long, Robert Remine, Kathryn R. Jaspers, Kodi J. Lafferty, Diana J. R. Hubbard, Tru Studds, Colin E. Barthelmess, Erika L. Andy, Katherine Romero, Andrea Hawkins, Melissa T. R. Lombardi, Jason V. Sergeyev, Maksim Fisher-Reid, M. Caitlin Rentz, Michael S. Nagy, Christopher Davenport, Jon M. Rega-Brodsky, Christine C. Appel, Cara L. Lesmeister, Damon B. Giery, Sean T. Whittier, Christopher A. Alston, Jesse M. Sutherland, Chris Rota, Christopher Murphy, Thomas Lee, Thomas E. Mortelliti, Alessio Bergman, Dylan L. Compton, Justin A. Gerber, Brian D. Burr, Jess Rezendes, Kylie DeGregorio, Brett A. Wehr, Nathaniel H. Benson, John F. Jachowski, David S. Gray, Morgan Beyer, Dean E. Belant, Jerrold L. Horan, Robert V. Lonsinger, Robert C. Kuhn, Kellie M. Hasstedt, Steven C. M. Zimova, Marketa Moore, Sophie M. Herrera, Daniel J. Fritts, Sarah Edelman, Andrew J. Flaherty, Elizabeth A. Petroelje, Tyler R. Neiswenter, Sean A. Risch, Derek R. Iannarilli, Fabiola van der Merwe, Marius Maher, Sean P. Farris, Zach J. Webb, Stephen L. Mason, David S. Lashley, Marcus A. Wilson, Andrew M. Vanek, John P. Wehr, Samuel R. Conner, L. Mike Beasley, James C. Bontrager, Helen L. Baruzzi, Carolina Ellis-Felege, Susan N. Proctor, Mike D. Schipper, Jan Weiss, Katherine C. B. Darracq, Andrea K. Barr, Evan G. Alexander, Peter D. Şekercioğlu, Çağan H. Bogan, Daniel A. Schalk, Christopher M. Fantle-Lepczyk, Jean E. Lepczyk, Christopher A. LaPoint, Scott Whipple, Laura S. Rowe, Helen Ivy Mullen, Kayleigh Bird, Tori Zorn, Adam Brandt, LaRoy Lathrop, Richard G. McCain, Craig Crupi, Anthony P. Clark, James Parsons, Arielle Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC United States North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh NC United States Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation Clemson University Clemson SC United States Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute Front Royal VA United States Illinois Natural History Survey Prairie Research Institute University of Illinois Champaign IL United States Fort Hood Natural Resources Management Branch United States Army Garrison Fort Hood TX United States Environmental Studies Department Center for Integrated Spatial Research University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA United States Science Research Initiative University of Utah Salt Lake City UT United States Sageland Collaborative Salt Lake City UT United States Conservation Science Partners Inc. Truckee CA United States National Climate Adaptation Science Center United States Geological Survey Reston VA United States Biology Department Swarthmore College Swarthmore PA United States Entomology Department Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Information Technology Department Pace University Pleasantville NY United States Seattle University Department of Biology Seattle WA United States Department of Biology Pace University Pleasantville NY United States Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Storrs CT United States Wildlife Biology Program Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT United States Department of Forest and Environmental Biology SUNY-ESF Syracuse NY United States Arizona State University College of Integrative Sciences and Arts Mesa AZ United States University of Washington School of Environmental and Forest Sciences Seattle WA United States Woodland Park Zoo Seattle WA United States Department of Biology Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Science Lab Northern Michigan University Marquette M

Aim: The assembly of species into communities and ecoregions is the result of interacting factors that affect plant and animal distribution and abundance at biogeographic scales. Here, we empirically derive ecoregions for mammals to test whether human disturbance has become more important than climate and habitat resources in structuring communities. Location: Conterminous United States. Time Period: 2010–2021. Major Taxa Studied: Twenty-five species of mammals. Methods: We analysed data from 25 mammal species recorded by camera traps at 6645 locations across the conterminous United States in a joint modelling framework to estimate relative abundance of each species. We then used a clustering analysis to describe 8 broad and 16 narrow mammal communities. Results: Climate was the most important predictor of mammal abundance overall, while human population density and agriculture were less important, with mixed effects across species. Seed production by forests also predicted mammal abundance, especially hard-mast tree species. The mammal community maps are similar to those of plants, with an east–west split driven by different dominant species of deer and squirrels. Communities vary along gradients of temperature in the east and precipitation in the west. Most fine-scale mammal community boundaries aligned with established plant ecoregions and were distinguished by the presence of regional specialists or shifts in relative abundance of widespread species. Maps of potential ecosystem services provided by these communities suggest high herbivory in the Rocky Mountains and eastern forests, high invertebrate predation in the subtropical south and greater predation pressure on large vertebrates in the west. Main Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of climate to modern mammals and suggest that climate change will have strong impacts on these communities. Our new empirical approach to recognizing ecoregions has potential to be applied to expanded communities o

关键词： climate macroecology mammal communities masting species distribution models

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