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39th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Precision Engineering, ASPE 2024

作者： Sordon, Fabian Lahoda, Christian Polte, Mitchel Uhlmann, Eckart Maas, Jürgen Mechatronic Systems Lab EMK Technische Universität Berlin Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management IWF Technische Universität Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781887706612

Cutting edge preparation is a critical step in the fabrication of micro-milling tools, helping to remove grain chipping and to reduce tool wear. In our previous research, we explored the use of magnetorheological fluids for directed immersed tumbling under magnetic excitation, demonstrating its potential through significant and precise material removal rates and reduced processing times. This study expands on that work by examining how the composition of the abrasive magnetorheological fluid affects surface quality and the long-term performance of the fluid. Various compositions of magnetorheological fluid samples were tested on high-speed steel specimens using a custom-designed test bench, which enables the variation of the magnetic field. The microgeometry of the cutting edges, including the maximum chipping, was recorded before and after processing. Results indicate that compositions yielding larger abrasive particles, combined with high magnetic and abrasive particle volume fractions lead to improvements in surface quality and material removal rate. © 2024 Proceedings - ASPE 2024 Annual Meeting. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetorheological fluids

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Developing Digital Twins for energy efficiency in the production phase of products

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 122卷 933-938页

作者： Sebastian Wehking Theresa Riedelsheimer Cansu Tanrikulu Kai Lindow Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

The relevance of digital solutions to enable sustainable value creation, the monitoring and ultimately the reduction of the environmental footprint has increased. New information technologies and increased data availability along a product's lifecycle offer more tools to assess product sustainability than ever before. This paper presents how a Digital Twin needs to be designed to help monitor product-level energy efficiency and how such a Digital Twin can be implemented. State-of-the-art research on Digital Twins and their development, lifecycle assessment, and energy efficiency are introduced. There is a lack of evaluated implementations of methodical DT development in different scenarios, especially for the evaluation of product-level energy efficiency during production. Results of a research project with the focus on the development and implementation of Digital Twins are presented. The use case is set within the scenario of the sequential development of a product simultaneously with the development of the Digital Twin. The focus is put on the implementation of an energy consumption prediction and product carbon footprint analytics module as part of the Digital Twin. The development approach is presented and recommendations for the development of future Digital Twins are derived.

关键词： Digital Twins Sustainability Lifecycle Assessment Energy efficiency

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Enabling digitally integrated product design and production through digital continuity and feedback to design

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 128卷 627-632页

作者： Tschiltschke Till Manoury Marvin Michael Riedelsheimer Theresa Lindow Kai Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

Due to global and political influence, resilient and versatile production systems are unavoidable. Based on existing Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) systems there is a growing need for a consistent communication between machines and product design to enable integrated product and production process design. Core aspects are integrating the product design information directly into the production equipment and their feedback into the product design as well as into other phases of the product creation and usage. Therefore, a generalized production description language as well as an architecture for the digital integrated product design and production need to be developed. This paper presents the first results of a use case in the automotive industry. The approach of developing the functional architecture is shown. Several feedback to X approaches were researched in literature and analyzed regarding functional requirements for integration in the developed architecture. The results are the main basis for further implementation within the automotive production. Moreover, the main challenges and next steps are discussed.

关键词： product production system architecture production description language design methodology tools technologies

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Sustainable Product Lifecycle Management – Implementation of a Digital Twin of a Biologically Transformed Product-Ecosystem

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 125卷 30-35页

作者： Sebastian Wehking Anne Seegrün Theresa Riedelsheimer Kai Lindow Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

Biological transformation is the transfer of principles of natural systems to technical materials, processes and systems. The essential concepts of biological transformation - inspiration (learning from the observation of nature for the adaptation of technology), integration (symbiosis of technical systems based on biological principles) and interaction (interweaving of nature with technology) - can be transferred to Industry 4.0 solutions. One of these solutions is the Digital Twin, which can be used to provide transparency of an individual product’s environmental impact and to positively influence it throughout all lifecycle phases. A Digital Twin can be seen a digital ecosystem that inherits various biological principles itself, but also serves as an enabler of biologically transformed products. The application of the principles of biological transformation to Industry 4.0 helps achieve sustainable value creation. Manufacturing and operating companies, leveraging operational data with the help of Digital Twins, are equipped to better understand a product ecosystem’s performance and identify constraining resources that determine its lifecycle sustainability. This paper demonstrates the concept development of a Digital Twin for a biologically transformed product-ecosystem with integrated sustainability assessment focused on the production phase and its corresponding user interface.

关键词： Biologicalisation Industry 4.0 Biological Transformation Sustainability Sustainable Manufacturing Digital Twin

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Integrated Consideration of Data Flows and Life Cycle Assessment in Vehicle Dismantling processes 31

Integrated Consideration of Data Flows and Life Cycle Assess...

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31st CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, LCE 2024

作者： Mügge, Janine Seegrün, Anne Faßbender, Lynn Riedelsheimer, Theresa Staufenbiel, Philip Lindow, Kai Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany LRP-Autorecycling Leipzig GmbH Priesterstraße 6 Krostitz04509 Germany

The pursuit of environmental sustainability and resource conservation has underscored the growing significance of the circular economy paradigm across industries. This transformation is particularly pertinent within the automotive industry, necessitating a profound restructuring of the value chain, with a specific focus on end-of-life considerations. Significant potential for circular economy arises from the thorough examination of end-of-life vehicles and processes, involving strategies such as component reuse, material recycling and primary resource reduction. Providing process-, product-, component-, and material-specific information at the end-of-life of automotive vehicles can improve decision-making regarding circular strategies. It also demands for new digital solutions. This paper addresses an integrated approach of data flow analysis and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to enable a comprehensive monitoring of the environmental impact of these processes. First, the use case of end-of-life dismantling processes is presented - including pyrotechnics neutralization, vehicle dehydration, disassembly of reuse components as well as vehicle compaction. Secondly, the data demand respective information and material flows is depicted. As a main result, the LCA data flow model specifically tailored to the end-of-life vehicle dismantling processes is described. This model serves as a fundamental basis for analyzing the environmental impact of end-of-life processes combined with the underlying data flow. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Life cycle

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Requirements for an AI driven Extended Reality assistance system for assembly tasks

Requirements for an AI driven Extended Reality assistance sy...

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Virtual Reality (ICVR), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Kathrin Konkol Hannah Reusing Extended Reality Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350364231

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364248

Nine qualitative expert interviews were conducted to assess the requirements for an intelligent assistance system for virtual assembly in extended reality applications. The research interest lies in understanding current industry and research needs for assistance features of AR, VR, and MR applications that support manual assembly tasks. Additionally, the use of artificial intelligence as a supporting technology was investigated. We gathered expert opinions on relevant features and grouped them into seven categories: Augmentation of information in-situ, identification of components, provision of data, analysis of user action, analysis of environment, optimization of processes, and Usability improvements. The experts feedback on the concept of a software demonstrator was collected and structured. The research shows a need for adaptive assistance systems that are capable of categorizing the user’s actions and intent in order to assist efficiently.

关键词： Industries Data analysis Extended reality Manuals Software Artificial intelligence Usability Interviews Assembly Optimization

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High Resolution 2D-/3D-Scanning and Deep Learning Segmentation for Digitization of Fragmented Wall Paintings

High Resolution 2D-/3D-Scanning and Deep Learning Segmentati...

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2023 Eurographics Workshop on Graphics and Cultural Heritage, GCH 2023

作者： Kroeger, O. Krumpek, O. Koch, P. Pape, M. Schneider, J. Krueger, J. Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Germany Technische Universität Berlin Germany MFB MusterFabrik Berlin GmbH Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783038682172

The preservation and study of mural wall paintings often involve the collection of numerous fragments with unknown context. In this paper the authors present a case study involving a Roman wall painting discovered in 2013 at the European Cultural Park Bliesbruck-Reinheim. The objective of this work was to develop a semi-automated assistance system for the digitization, visualization, and digital repositioning of the Roman wall painting fragments. Therefore an easy-to-use scanner system was developed, that captures high-resolution 2D images of the front and back surfaces of the fragments, along with a height map of the backside. The contributing partners also developed a control and operating software for the scanner, as well as an automated software platform for visualization and repositioning of the digital fragments. The contributions of this paper include the introduction of a ML-based algorithm for background subtraction and segmentation of the front surface of the fragments. The technical realisation for fast and accurate image acquisition of the fragments, including sensor registration and high-resolution capture, has been worked out. The system calibration process, hardware setup and data correction techniques are described in detail. Additionally, the challenges of pixel-wise image segmentation for distinguishing between background, inner contour (wall painting), and outer contour (fragment surface without painting) are discussed. Our proposed approach overcomes the limitations of training ML algorithms on high-resolution images by employing patch-wise training and leveraging small features instead of large-scale features. The digitization and segmentation process demonstrated promising results in preserving and reconstructing the roman wall painting fragments. The findings of this study contribute to the field of cultural heritage preservation and provide valuable insights as the developed equipment and methods are highly transferable to future digitization

关键词： Image segmentation

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Injection mould measurement system for increasing manufacturing control and production quality 23

Injection mould measurement system for increasing manufactur...

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23rd International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2023

作者： Uhlmann, Eckart Trabasso, Luís Gonzaga Bolz, Robert Schweitzer, Luiz Hein, Christoph De Souza, Diego Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management IWF Technische Universität Berlin Germany SENAI Innovation Institute for Manufacturing Systems and Laser Processing Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781998999132

Tool and mould making is one of the most important sectors of industrial manufacturing. Currently, over a third of polymer products are manufactured by injection moulding or stamping. These processes are complex, as the melted or heated polymers are subject to thermomechanical changes. Since injection moulding and stamping are mostly used for mass production, process repeatability and quality of the final product are very important. Improper adjustments of process variables lead to various defects in the final product along with high amount of waste and rejects. The need for measurement and control of the process is mandatory. Frequently, the tool is not operated by the owner of the mold or the end user of the plastic components, respectively, but by an injection molding service provider within the supply chain. Consequently, it is impossible for the tool owner to trace the quality of parts regarding the parameters applied for processing. This is crucial information to connect parts outside the tolerances to the respective process characteristics. The increase of quality in the production is achievable through correlating the processing parameters applied with the produced components. Therefore, the aim of the research herein is to develop an autonomous sensor system for monitoring injection moulding and stamping processes. The system comprises an external component of the tool in order to record and document the parameters applied such as tool temperature, pressure, number of machined parts and geolocation among others. In conjunction with a connected laser marking system for injection moulding, the unique identification of the components and the unchangeable connection of the production parameters with an individual component is enabled. The direct technological added value is given by the fact that the customer is able to monitor the production at any time, any place, comparing the actual production with the agreed and specified conditions. Furthermore, this info

关键词： Injection molding

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Challenges and Opportunities of Enterprises Network design and Services

Challenges and Opportunities of Enterprises Network Design a...

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2022 Interoperability for Enterprise systems and Applications Workshops, I-ESA Workshops 2022

作者： Jaekel, Frank-Walter Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 BerlinD-10587 Germany

Enterprise networks in terms of business partners cooperating to achieve common business objectives are challenged by communication and technical conditions. A usual way to manage these challenges is to look from a single enterprise perspective. If it is a large organisation it tries to force the partners to follow its strategy. In terms of small or medium size companies they try to follow standards or the requests of larger organisations. However, the investment to improve the business is located within single partners of the network. This raises the question of which technology and standard will be suitable in the future. The related technology changes can require high investments. The question arises which technology, standard, IT system, architecture, model should be used. The paper will discuss the use of enterprise models together with open source utilities to reduce the risk of loss of investments. Starting with the identification of requirements in the form of as-is models, the development of conceptual to-be models, the enrichment to implementation models and finally a realisation model that guides the implementation. In terms of a vision the paper will especially focus on the options for the software implementation and reduction of costs of change. © 2022 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Investments

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The Use of Digital Twins to Overcome Semantic Barriers in Hyperconnected Ecosystems for Industry

The Use of Digital Twins to Overcome Semantic Barriers in Hy...

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2022 Interoperability for Enterprise systems and Applications Workshops, I-ESA Workshops 2022

作者： Jaekel, Frank-Walter Gering, Patrick Knothe, Thomas Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 BerlinD-10587 Germany

To establish business networks a match between businesses demands and potential partner information is required. Publicly available information on the Internet about companies, products and services usually don’t follow a common standard. The concept of a digital twin could be used to organise the different information and, in the future, to harmonise the way company data is made available on the web. Every company usually has a web presence, related documents, web pages and a trace on the web, which can be used for an initial structure of the digital twin. Hereby, first services for the correlations between partner companies and requirements can be designed. But it requires the management of legal aspects e.g. the access of bots to the public available information. The paper provides initial ideas and feasibility checks and it propose an evolution of the current heterogeneous content and structure of the data into a well-structured digital twin including content related ontologies to describe the company characteristics. © 2022 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Supply chains

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