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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhou, Xin Penter, Lars Jehring, Ulrike Göhler, Hartmut Weißgärber, Thomas Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Chair of Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Control Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Branch Lab Dresden Germany

Sandwich composites of particle-filled hollow sphere structures (PHSS) and steel plates offer outstanding lightweight and damping properties, making them ideal for high-speed machine tool components under dynamic loads. Previous research has focused on single particle-filled hollow sphere (PHS) and small-sized PHSS, leaving gap in understanding of the behavior of PHSS/steel sandwich composites. As a result, this material cannot yet be used in the design of machine tools. In this study, a test rig was developed, a design of experiments approach and response surface analysis were used to investigate the effect of design parameters (shell and core thickness), and particle parameters (filling ratio and particle size) on the damping performance of PHSS/steel sandwich. The experimental results indicate that the design parameters have a more significant influence on damping, so they should be given priority in the design of PHSS/steel sandwiches. Secondly, the correlation between design and particle parameters substantially affects the damping performance of the sandwich. Minimizing particle size, increasing filling ratio, thinning the face layer, and thickening the core layer significantly increase structural *** address the manufacturing tolerances of the cellular structure, this study develops a finite element (FE) model-based optimization approach that accurately determines the material parameters of PHSS. These parameters were used in a FE-model of PHSS/steel composite using identified contact parameters by minimizing the difference of measurement and simulation. It shows that the homogenized material model and linear model using global damping parameters accurately replicates the dynamic properties of PHSS/steel sandwich composite in low vibration modes. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Damping

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Approach to a GPT-based Early Detection Tool to Evaluate Heterogeneous Data Sources and Identify Reconfiguration Needs of SMEs in the Production Sector

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 130卷 631-636页

作者： Adrian Jacob Anas Ben Achour Uwe Teicher Steffen Ihlenfeldt Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Pforzheimer Str. 7a 01189 Dresden Germany TU Dresden Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Helmholtzstr. 7a 01062 Dresden Germany

In the face of a rapidly evolving commercial ecosystem, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) must ensure their process chains are capable of swift reconfiguration to mitigate disruptions from supply chain volatility, regulatory changes, and demand shifts. This study addresses the need for reconfiguration in the context of data-driven opportunities for early identification of reconfiguration needs in SMEs, with a focus on the production sector. We identify a variety of diverse and heterogeneous data sources that are critical for tracking these disruptions, such as public news, economic reports, market analyses, legal documents, and internal corporate records. To make use of these data streams, we propose an innovative early detection tool that employs advanced machine learning techniques and private, locally operated Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPTs). This system is intended to process and analyze the various data formats that SMEs encounter including HTML, PDF and plain text as well as quantitative data. By combining public and company internal data while addressing privacy concerns, the tool aims to provide SMEs with a comprehensive tracking of their commercial environments. The tool also addresses the challenges posed by the limited availability of large datasets within SMEs, which are typically required for effective use of machine learning techniques, allowing for effective operation with smaller datasets. As these technologies continue to advance, their impact across various industries, including legal, manufacturing, and supply chain management, is set to expand significantly. The proposed tool offers SMEs enhanced decision-making, compliance assurance, and the ability to proactively adapt to the unpredictable global business landscape.

关键词： Early Detection Decision support Reconfiguration machine Learning GPT

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Design requirements for a modular framework of industrial surface defect detection system designs in the context of machined, automotive workpieces

Design requirements for a modular framework of industrial su...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Marco Wagenstetter Thomas Aicher Arvid Hellmich Steffen Ihlenfeldt Powertrain Production System Planning BMW Group Munich Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Dresden Germany

The planning phases of industrial surface defect detection systems for machined, automotive workpieces are time-consuming and require project teams comprised of experts from different disciplines in order to achieve optimal systems regarding the prioritized objectives. To master this challenge current research is aiming for flexible inspection system concepts that are not application-specific and thus can be used for a range of industry-dependent specifications without the necessity to complete each planning phase from the beginning. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the influencing factors at the beginning of the inspection planning process of an industrial surface defect detection system for machined, automotive workpieces. Based on this analysis, design requirements for a modular framework for industrial surface defect detection system designs in this sector are derived and contextualized with available system components. Finally, an outlook for future research is presented with the goal to further increase the flexibility of industrial surface defect detection systems.

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Coupled CFD model of tool environment and workspace to determine the convective heat transfer in jet cooling of milling processes in machine tools

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Procedia CIRP 2025年 133卷 280-285页

作者： Steffen Brier Alexander Geist Janine Glänzel Christian Naumann Joachim Regel Martin Dix Steffen Ihlenfeldt Chemnitz University of Technology Professorship Production Systems and Processes Reichenhainer Str. 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Technical University Dresden Institute for Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls Helmholtzstraße 10 01069 Dresden Germany

The responsible use of resources is an essential part of the manufacturing of industrial products. This includes the economical use of cooling lubricant and requires precise knowledge of the cooling mechanisms and their effect on the accuracy of the machine tool and thus the thermal error. A temporal and spatial resolution of the dynamic coolant flow near the tool and in the entire workspace in a single model would require a large simulation time. Therefore, a composite model was developed, that consists of a near-tool model and a larger surrounding workspace model. The required static near-tool cooling lubricant distribution is obtained via data discretization methods from a separate static simulation that resolves the turbulence of the cooling lubricant created by the tool rotation. The identified coolant distribution is integrated into a CFD near-tool model (with simplified tool geometry) which is coupled with a surrounding CFD workspace model. The workspace model is thus able to identify the effects of the coolant wetting on the machine surface temperature and finally, using thermo-elastic FEM simulations, on the resulting thermal error. This approach allows the composite model to simulate the entire workspace with reduced simulation effort and map the coolant-influenced heat transfer coefficients on the machine surface.

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Enhancing Tool Wear Segmentation with LoRA-SAM and Point Prompts

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Procedia CIRP 2025年 134卷 705-710页

作者： Zongshuo Li Ding Huo Markus Meurer Miguel Panesso Welf-Guntram Drossel Thomas Bergs Manufacturing Technology Institute (MTI) of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Nöthnitzer Str. 44 01187 Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstr. 17 52074 Aachen Germany

Automated optical measurement of cutting tools offers a rapid and direct approach to monitoring tool wear. While the Segment Anything Model (SAM) exhibits strong zero-shot generalization capabilities in typical scenarios due to its powerful image encoder and prompt engineering, it underperforms in tool wear segmentation because of its lack of domain-specific knowledge. In this study, an image dataset containing various tools with different prompts was initially established, and SAM was fine-tuned using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and Mixture-of-Expert (MoE) LoRA to incorporate domain-specific knowledge of tool wear. The results consistently show that both LoRA-SAM and MoE-LoRA-SAM significantly outperform the original SAM in tool wear segmentation with over 55% improvement. Additionally, using a combination of three prompt points is sufficient for accurate tool wear segmentation. This finding highlights the potential applicability of SAM in industrial scenarios.

关键词： Tool wear Deep learning Image segmentation SAM

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A Nonlinear Delay Model for Metabolic Oscillations in Yeast Cells

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chumley, Max M. Khasawneh, Firas A. Otto, Andreas Gedeon, Tomas Michigan State University United States Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Germany Montana State University United States

We introduce two time-delay models of metabolic oscillations in yeast cells. Our model tests a hypothesis that the oscillations occur as multiple pathways share a limited resource which we equate to the number of available ribosomes. We initially explore a single-protein model with a constraint equation governing the total resource available to the cell. The model is then extended to include three proteins that share a resource pool. Three approaches are considered at constant delay to numerically detect oscillations. First, we use a spectral element method to approximate the system as a discrete map and evaluate the stability of the linearized system about its equilibria by examining its eigenvalues. For the second method, we plot amplitudes of the simulation trajectories in 2D projections of the parameter space. We use a history function that is consistent with published experimental results to obtain metabolic oscillations. Finally, the spectral element method is used to convert the system to a boundary value problem whose solutions correspond to approximate periodic solutions of the system. Our results show that certain combinations of total resource available and the time delay, lead to oscillations. We observe that an oscillation region in the parameter space is between regions admitting steady states that correspond to zero and constant production. Similar behavior is found with the three-protein model where all proteins require the same production time. However, a shift in the protein production rates peaks occurs for low available resource suggesting that our model captures the shared resource pool dynamics. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Boundary value problems

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Framework for increasing sustainability of factory systems by generative layout design 29

Framework for increasing sustainability of factory systems b...

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29th CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, LCE 2022

作者： Süße, Marian Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Putz, Matthias Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Chemnitz Germany

The structure of factory systems has a long-term impact on the productivity and performance of production systems. With an increasing relevance of decentral renewable energy sources, factory planning becomes more complex due to an increase of decision criteria and possible solutions, but ecological impacts are also growingly depending on early structure decisions. However, decisions during planning processes in industry are still based on experience, qualitative assessments and discussions. Thus, planning results may not exploit the potential of the available solution space, nor do they allow quantitative traceability of layout configurations. Generative Design (GD) gained popularity in topology optimization and building construction and provides promising opportunities for complex design tasks. Not least with the increasing relevance of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in manufacturing, new methods and technologies for optimization become available to factory planners. Hence, the paper describes options for enhanced decisions in sustainable factory layout planning. Therefore, it provides a quick overview on optimization and GD in layout planning as well as the relation towards BIM and sustainability assessment. Based on this, possible extensions of optimization targets and boundaries towards energy and sustainability-related criteria is elaborated. Afterwards, necessary and potential data acquisition with the openBIM-related Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is discussed. The paper concludes with an outlook towards further investigations on the overlap of layout design, BIM and sustainability. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainable development

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A survey on sustainability approaches in manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 116卷 101-106页

作者： Bastian Prell Heiner Reinhardt Anton Mauersberger Alexander Rauscher Jörg Reiff-Stephan Steffen Ihlenfeldt Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau Hochschulring 1 15745 Wildau Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

Awareness about climate change has led to policies and regulations but also customer preferences favoring sustainable production. Thus, producing businesses are confronted by this, as they consume a large share of resources. Therefore, when producing, additional dimensions beyond commercial feasibility ought to be considered. Here, literature on sustainability from the field of engineering science is systematically searched and analyzed for approaches leading to actual recommendations for action. Hence, this bottom-up approach, incorporating the production engineers’ point of view, represents an inside view of how the topic of sustainability has arrived at production companies. The focus on commercial feasibility ensures high relevance to practice, as production needs to become both sustainable and competitive. Even though exemplary collections of different approaches addressing the topic of sustainability in production can be found in literature, novelty is provided by the structured manner literature was collected and the special focus on approaches leading to practice-relevant recommendations for action. Thus, a comprehensive overview of approaches applicable to the manufacturing domain is presented.

关键词： Eco-design methodology Economics Environment(al) Innovation management Manufacturing Production Sustainable development

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An assessment method of machine components for usage-based value creation in complex manufacturing systems

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 120卷 225-230页

作者： Mohaned Alaluss Robin Kurth Anton Mauersberger Chris Drechsler Steffen Ihlenfeldt Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Dresden University of Technology Helmholtzstr. 7a 01069 Dresden Germany

Rising demands on manufacturing technologies lead to an increase in the complexity of corresponding machines and systems. This complexity acts as an obstacle to the development and realization of digital, usage-based business models for complex manufacturing systems. Particularly in the case of pay-per-use business models, it is necessary to monitor the actual machine load in operation to minimize the business risk on the operator and supplier side. This complicates the transition towards data-oriented value creation in manufacturing system environment. To overcome this challenge, a novel method to assess machine components regarding their potential to monitor the actual load and usage behavior of the whole manufacturing system is proposed. On this basis, the transparency and therefore confidence in digital, usage-based value creation like pay-per-use business models can be increased. The resulting approach is demonstrated by taking the example of a sheet metal forming press.

关键词： Methodology Manufacturing Forning Service Decision making

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Characterization of 3D printed polymer mounts in translational and rotational DOF 30

Characterization of 3D printed polymer mounts in translation...

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30th International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering, ISMA 2022 and 9th International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics, USD 2022

作者： Troge, J. Georgi, T. Hensel, E. de Klerk, D. Graf, M. Burkhardt, M. Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Nöthnitzer Straße 44 Dresden01187 Germany VIBES.technology Molengraaffsingel 14 Delft2629JD Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology ICT Joseph-von-Fraunhofer Str. 7 Pfinztal76327 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789082893151

Mounts are important transfer elements to isolate structure-borne sound from a source to a receiver. The dynamic transfer behavior of a mount can be described using frequency dependent dynamic stiffness and damping. For determination of these parameters, a mount can be abstracted as a two-port element. The stiffness matrix of this element includes input, output and transfer stiffnesses for translational and rotational DOF. Especially the measurement of rotational DOF can be a challenge. A promising approach for this is the Virtual Point Transformation. Hereby, the dynamic behavior in a virtual point of a structure is calculated by combining signals from several vibration sensors. This approach was used to determine stiffness matrices of different polymer mounts, which were manufactured using a 3D printing process to ensure direction-dependent dynamic properties. This paper deals with the practical implementation of the method as well as the presentation of the results and deviations of the dynamic transmission behavior of the polymer mounts. © 2022 Proceedings of ISMA 2022 - International Conference on Noise and Vibration Engineering and USD 2022 - International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stiffness matrix

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