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8th CIRP Conference of Assembly technology and Systems, CATS 2020

作者： Lanz, Minna Reimann, Jan Ude, Aleš Kousi, Niki Pieters, Roel Dianatfar, Morteza Makris, Sotiris Tampere University Tampere Finland Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz Germany Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia University of Patras Patras Greece

Robots are no longer stand-alone systems on the factory floor. The demand for industrial robots (market) is anticipated to be growing to 65 billion euros by the year 2023. Within all areas of robotics, the demand for collaborative and more flexible systems is rising as well. The level of desired collaboration and increased flexibility will only be reached if the systems are developed as a whole, e.g. perception, reasoning and physical manipulation. The rising need for collaborative robots in the automation industry is acting as a driver for this market and is expected to serve as a market opportunity for future growth. However, at the same time especially smaller companies have difficulties to formulate a concrete vision and strategies for the uptake of robotics, finding skilled workforce to develop and deploy the robot systems and/or work in the manufacturing industry. A number of Digital Innovation Hubs (DIHs) have been developed to enhance the knowledge and technology transfer from laboratories to factory floors, mitigating the skills gap and supporting the formulation of innovation ecosystems with the specific focus on small and medium-sized companies around Europe. The main aim of this paper is to introduce the concept and approach taken in H2020 TRINITY-project that aims to develop a Robotics Innovation Hub focused on Agile Production. The paper will introduce the concept and technical approach of the project, and discusses the preliminary results, challenges and opportunities of these kind of DIHs. © 2020 The Author(s).

关键词： Industrial robots

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Dynamics of a driven harmonic oscillator coupled to pairwise interacting Ising spins in random fields

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Physical Review E 2021年第5期104卷 054212-054212页

作者： Paul Zech Andreas Otto Günter Radons Institute of Physics Chemnitz University of Technology 09107 Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Institute of Mechatronics Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

In general we are interested in dynamical systems coupled to complex hysteresis. Therefore as a first step we investigated recently the dynamics of a periodically driven damped harmonic oscillator coupled to independent Ising spins in a random field. Although such a system does not produce hysteresis, we showed how to characterize the dynamics of such a piecewise-smooth system, especially in the case of a large number of spins [Zech, Otto, and Radons, Phys. Rev. E 101, 042217 (2020)]. In this paper we extend our model to spin dimers, thus pairwise interacting spins. We show in which cases two interacting spins can show elementary hysteresis, and we give a connection to the Preisach model, which allows us to consider an infinite number of spin pairs. This thermodynamic limit leads us to a dynamical system with an additional hysteretic force in the form of a generalized play operator. By using methods from general chaos theory, piecewise-smooth system theory, and statistics we investigate the chaotic behavior of the dynamical system for a few spins and also in the case of a larger number of spins by calculating bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, fractal dimensions, and self-averaging properties. We find that the fractal dimensions and the magnetization are in general not self-averaging quantities. We show how the dynamical properties of the piecewise-smooth system for a large number of spins differs from the system in its thermodynamic limit.

关键词： Bifurcations Chaos Spin dynamics Chaotic systems Ising model Phase space methods

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A survey on modeling and forecasting the energy consumption in discrete manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 90卷 443-448页

作者： Heiner Reinhardt Jan-Peter Bergmann Marc Münnich David Rein Matthias Putz Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany

The manufacturing industry faces environmental challenges due to its high electrical energy demand. Measures for improving the energy efficiency of manufacturing processes are applied to reduce the total energy consumption while eco-friendly renewable energy sources are harnessed increasingly. However, the volatile nature of renewables drives a change in energy allocation and the electrical grid. Both energy efficiency and energy allocation may benefit from accurate energy consumption modeling and forecasting. In this paper we constitute the state of the art of existing modeling techniques in the domain of discrete manufacturing and derive future research activities.

关键词： Energy Energy efficiency Forecast Manufacturing Modeling

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Surface modification for SMC moulding tools by laser remelting 19

Surface modification for SMC moulding tools by laser remelti...

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19th International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2019

作者： Gärtner, E. Vogel, M. Schneider, J. Edelmann, J. Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780995775145

Due to their excellent material properties and their largely adjustable functionality, duromer components made of SMC (sheet moulding compound), which are mass-produced by compression moulding, are used in an increasing number of industries. Despite intensive development work in the field of stable production processes in compression moulding and a high-quality topcoat, the economic damage caused by paint failures is still very high at 20-30 %. Both, the demoulding process of the SMC components and their paintability are significantly influenced by the surface structure/topography of the moulding tool. One method of targeted layer modification is laser remelting. The paper presents the possibilities of laser remelting with a 20 W fiber laser by IPG Laser GmbH in detail. In the course of this, the influence of the inert gas use will be explained and a process chamber developed for this task will be evaluated. The processing results for hardened and tempered as well as soft annealed cold work steel are compared. Moreover, the influence of the laser processing on the heat treatment is derived. The residual surface was characterized and investigated by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). Furthermore, measurements of microhardness and surface roughness were performed. © 2019 European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, Conference Proceedings - 19th International Conference and Exhibition, EUSPEN 2019. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy

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Synergy Analysis and verification of connected Cyber Physical Systems using virtual commissioning

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 99卷 639-644页

作者： Christoph Allmacher Anna Seiderer Philipp Klimant Michael Kuhl Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Str. 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany Mittweida University of Applied Sciences Technikumplatz 17 09648 Mittweida Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

The design of cyber physical systems in today’s production and intralogistics is influenced by the increasing availability and exchange of data. On the one hand, synergies between connected systems can be used to develop lightweight applications by sharing and reusing data. On the other hand, the possible combinations between these systems increase the complexity and design options. This paper presents a method to structure possible design options systematically and proposes virtual commissioning as solution for their analysis and verification to enable early design decisions. The method is demonstrated using an automated guided vehicle combined with a tactile warning device.

关键词： Virtual commissioning Automated guided vehicle Tactile warning device

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Single point incremental forming of large sheet metal components

Single point incremental forming of large sheet metal compon...

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ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2019

作者： Schieck, Frank Mauermann, Reinhard Weise, Dieter Demmler, Matthias Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz Saxony Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780791859377

The production of complex, large-scale cladding parts made of metal in small quantities for a wide range of applications in architecture, power generation, shipbuilding, but also rail vehicle construction, mobile work machines and, last but not least, automotive sector is a major challenge in terms of principled manufacturability, but also in terms of manufacturing costs. Appropriate components are often produced in small quantities by hand, whereby the reproducibility and achievable quality depend largely on the experience and craftsmanship of the employer. The incremental forming using CNC-controlled machine tools or robots offers a good alternative for an efficient and reproducible production of sheet metal components with batch size one. There are already a large number of research work, studies and examples of applications worldwide regarding principled incremental forming strategies, process layout, FE simulation and optimization strategies. The fraunhofer iwu works with the claim of applied research, that is, to transfer results from basic research into an industrial application. This also applies to the field of incremental sheet metal forming. Especially in the area of large-scale, 3-dimensional components, there is a very great need on the part of the industry. The paper provides an overview of current research results in the field of incremental forming of industrially relevant large-scale structures up to dimensions of approximately 4 x 2 meters, which are carried out in the single point process on a modified large milling machine. The topic of shape storage (molds), flexible clamping frames and heating equipment for temperature-supporting incremental forming of light metals is also addressed. The outlook identifies application and development potential aimed at both the further development of the technology and the associated equipment technology. Copyright © 2019 ASME.

关键词： machine tools

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Retrieving properties of manufacturing systems from traceability data for performance evaluation and material flow simulation 54

Retrieving properties of manufacturing systems from traceabi...

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54th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Ssystems, CMS 2021

作者： Reinhardt, Heiner Münnich, Marc Prell, Bastian Arnold, Roman Krippner, Fabian Weber, Marek Seifert, Frank Putz, Matthias Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Technical University of Applied Science Wildau Hochschulring 1 Wildau15745 Germany Volkswagen Sachsen GmbH Motorenwerk Chemnitz Kauffahrtei 47 Chemnitz09120 Germany Chemnitz University of Technology Straße der Nationen 62 Chemnitz09111 Germany

The operation of manufacturing systems is increasingly accompanied by data-driven continuous improvement processes and product traceability is required. Commonly, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is applied to track the flow of a uniquely-identifiable workpiece along various stations or waypoints within a factory. Based on an automotive use case, this paper describes how to analyze the resulting traceability data in order to identify several properties of a manufacturing system. The acquired knowledge can support performance evaluation and facilitate model building for material flow simulation as a foundation for digital twins and cyber-physical production systems. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge management

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Automated design of product-flexible car body fixtures with software-supported part alignment using particle swarm optimization

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 88卷 157-162页

作者： Rayk Fritzsche Eric Voigt Robert Schaffrath Marcel Todtermuschke Marcel Röber Head of group Assembly systems at Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany Scientific employee at Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany Head of dep. Assembly systems at Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany

The fraunhofer iwu has been developed specialized clamping robots for production of different car-models on one fixture. As a base for the fixture design, a method for optimal part alignment has been developed. For handling multitude of possibilities regarding the alignment of parts from different car-models, a specific software tool using particle swarm optimization has been created. The objective was to achieve similar travels for all clamping robots in this fixture. To facilitate the integration of the automated part alignment into fixture design, a further software tool for automatically designing a flexible fixture was modelled.

关键词： Body in white Automated device design Particle swarm optimization Product flexibility

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Application of Fourier-related data reduction methods in sheet metal forming

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 99卷 260-265页

作者： Christian Schwarz Patrick Link Steffen Ihlenfeldt Welf-Guntram Drossel Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering TU Dresden Helmholtzstrasse 7a Dresden 01062 Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes TU Chemnitz Reichenhainer Strasse 70 Chemnitz 09126 Germany

Due to the increasing digitalization, modern solutions are needed to work effectively with rapidly growing amounts of data in the automotive production. This paper shows two potential fields of application for the practical use of data reduction methods. In particular, the combination of Fourier-related transformation methods (e.g. discrete Fourier transform) and surrogate models for the useful 3D visualization of complex interrelationships is shown using the example of press hardening and deep drawing.

关键词： Press hardening Deep drawing FEM Sensitivity analysis Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) Discrete Cosin Transform (DCT)

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Temporal analysis of event-discrete alarm data for improved manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 93卷 742-746页

作者： Heiner Reinhardt Jan-Peter Bergmann Anke Stoll Matthias Putz Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

Efficient response to machine failures is crucial for improving machine availability. In practice, the number of alarms occurring during the operation of manufacturing systems could overwhelm even experienced machine operators. Manufacturing execution systems (MES) therefore often allow for alarm data acquisition as well as its filtering and aggregation to reduce the occurring information overload. However, manual configuration of these systems may be cumbersome and time-consuming. Hence, we propose an event-discrete method for temporal alarm data analysis to support the configuration process.

关键词： Man-machine system Maintenance Pattern recognition Knowledge management Algorithm Analysis Automation Condition monitoring Manufacturing system Complexity

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