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Robot-based, sensitive mating of electrical connectors using automatically designed gripper jaws

Procedia CIRP 2024年 130卷 861-866页

作者： Daniel Gebauer Alexander Roith Jonas Dirr Rüdiger Daub Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstraße 15 85748 Garching Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Casting Composite and Processing Technology Am Technologiezentrum 10 86159 Augsburg Germany

Designing suitable gripper jaws is crucial for automating complex assembly tasks, such as mating electrical connectors. In previous work, we developed a methodology for these kinds of workpieces to generate gripper jaws automatically with parameterizable clearance, which is a proven way for robust grasping. Since there is uncertainty about the resulting in-hand pose, this paper investigates whether a sensitive joining strategy can compensate for this to ensure robust mating of electrical connectors. We conducted 600 grasp and about 450 mating tests using multiple high-voltage electrical connectors and clearances. In most experiments, sensitive joining strategies compensate for the in-hand pose uncertainty.

关键词： design automation assembly cable plug peg-in-hole force-control

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Systematic Evaluation of Hybrid Portfolios for Solution Providers in machinery Engineering

Systematic Evaluation of Hybrid Portfolios for Solution Prov...

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Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and technology (PICMET)

作者： Michael Riesener Alexander Keuper Carsten BoBmann Timm Schulz-Isenbeck Günther Schuh Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781890843458

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369137

The change from traditional manufacturers to solution providers represents a comprehensive business reorientation. As a solution provider, manufacturing companies emphasize on the customer's benefit. Through the combination of physical prod-ucts, software and services, individual solutions are provided for the customer in order to achieve the greatest possible added value. The transformation has a particular impact on the structure and composition of traditional portfolios in machinery engineering, since new software and service components are gradually added. Therefore, portfolio evaluation methods need to address hybrid portfolios in order to manage the transformation effectively. Ex-isting portfolio management approaches are limited to structuring physical product portfolios only. Thus, this paper develops a new methodology to evaluate hybrid portfolios. A comprehensive framework is employed integrating portfolio evaluation techniques and technology management principles to analyze and op-timize hybrid portfolios. The evaluation comprises two principal evaluation fields, which consider both external market and inter-nal perspectives to identify strategic directions for portfolio and technology management. By systematizing the portfolio evaluation, the results contribute to the transformation into solution pro-viders, encompassing increasing software and services.

关键词： technology management Systematics Automation Reviews Companies Software Planning

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Usage-based leasing of complex manufacturing systems: A method to transform current ownership-based into pay-per-use business models 55

Usage-based leasing of complex manufacturing systems: A meth...

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55th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems, CIRP CMS 2022

作者： Alaluss, Mohaned Drechsler, Chris Kurth, Robin Mauersberger, Anton Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Marré, Michael Labs, Rainer Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Helmholtzstr. 7a Dresden01069 Germany South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences Frauenstuhlweg 31 Iserlohn58644 Germany

Manufacturing technology with its cost- and resource-intensive manufacturing machines like machine tools, whose amortization often takes several years, is characterized by a high degree of individualization. Here, the need for increasingly complex as well as individualized products leads to the demand for high flexibility and resilience in complex manufacturing systems. The increasing uncertainty and volatility in the markets pose high economic risks for machine operators with ownership-based business models to enter new technologies. Consequently, this restrains the innovative and creative power of manufacturing companies. Although leasing models exist in various industry sectors like printing industry or compressed air supply, their implementation is still challenging due to the high degree of complexity regarding machine system, process, and services of the leasing product. In this paper, a novel method, with increased consideration of technical-technological aspects, to transform current ownership-based into usage-based business models like pay-per-use, is proposed. The resulting method also considers the pay-per-use readiness through an initial assessment of the existing manufacturing system. © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： agile production business models industry 4.0 machine tools manufacturing machines method pay-per-use perfomance-based contracting

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Identification of Exogenous Disturbances of Product Development

Identification of Exogenous Disturbances of Product Developm...

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Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and technology (PICMET)

作者： Michael Riesener Alexander Keuper Jonas Tittel Carsten Boßmann Alexander Menning Günther Schuh Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Technology Management Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781890843458

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369137

In the context of sustainable management, organizational resilience is gaining importance. Crises usually result from the combined occurrence of disturbances. Manufacturing companies are increasingly exposed to exogenous disturbances. Although several concepts such as PESTLE-Analysis and Porter's Five Forces address exogenous disturbances in the context of risk management strategy, current literature does not provide an extensive overview of relevant disturbances. This makes it difficult for companies to prepare systematically for external influences, and thus jeopardizes the resilience of manufacturing companies. Crisis-resistant product development is of particular importance, as innovative products offer a promising opportunity to create competitive advantages and thus secure the company's existence or even enable a company to increase its market share in the event of a crisis. This paper presents the relevant disturbances of product development. Based on a literature review, exogenous disturbances are identified followed by a structured consolidation. The results are filtered to the exogenous disturbances relevant to product development using suitable evaluation criteria. The approach is transferable to other corporate functions.

关键词： Costs Bibliographies Decision making Companies Product development Manufacturing Risk management

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Identification of Product Development Goals to Increase Organizational Resilience

Identification of Product Development Goals to Increase Orga...

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Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and technology (PICMET)

作者： Michael Riesener Alexander Keuper Jonas Tittel Carsten BoBmann Pawan Singh Günther Schuh Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Technology Management Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781890843458

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369137

The corporate function of product development is of particular importance, as innovative products offer a promising opportunity to create competitive advantages and thus secure the company's existence or even enable a company to increase its market share. However, current literature lacks an overall view of possible product development goals. Hence, this paper aims to provide a hierarchical overview of product development goals based on an extensive literature review. With the help of the results of this work, manufacturing companies are able to conduct an uncomplicated examination of product development goals and prioritize them according to their planned short-term as well as long-term future.

关键词： Couplings Technological innovation Bibliographies Production engineering Companies Medical services Product development

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Joint Parameter and State-Space Modelling of Manufacturing Processes using Gaussian Processes

Joint Parameter and State-Space Modelling of Manufacturing P...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Saksham Kiroriwal Julius Pfrommer Hendrik Mende Robert H. Schmitt Jurgen Beyerer Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics System Technologies and Image Exploitation IOSB Germany Fraunhofer Institute of Production Technology IPT Germany WZL: Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL of RWTH Aachen University Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331527471

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527488

Manufacturing process optimization is an open question, where Bayesian decision theoretic methods have shown considerable promise. One such is Bayesian optimization, with Gaussian Process (GP) surrogate model. This paper explores Gaussian Processes networks to jointly use parameter and observed state to predict the output(s) of a manufacturing process. The Gaussian process network that represents the paths from parameters to state-space to tasks, provides a methodology to ‘look inside’ the black-box of complex manufacturing processes. We present a comparative analysis of this method against the multi-task Gaussian processes and single-task counterparts, highlighting the benefits and drawbacks of each in modelling the behavior of such processes. We show the benefits of the proposed approach using numerical experiments. We show that we are able to improve the output prediction by additional sensor observations from inside the process at training time without needing those sensor observations for predicting product quality given the process parameters.

关键词： Training Manufacturing processes Gaussian processes Multitasking Product design Numerical models Bayes methods Quality assessment Informatics Optimization

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Optimizing Non-Isothermal Glass Molding Processes: Methodology and Comparative Analysis of Sequential and Non-Sequential Approaches

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Procedia CIRP 2025年 134卷 354-359页

作者： Hendrik Mende Lars Leyendecker Kashyap Upadhyay Dennis Grunert Robert H. Schmitt Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstr. 17 Aachen 52074 Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 Aachen 52074 Germany

The application of machine learning (ML) for surrogate modelling in model-based optimization (MBO) of manufacturing processes offers great potential for achieving time, cost, and resource efficiency for process development. This paper explores two main optimization strategies of MBO: sequential and non-sequential optimization. We utilize a case study from non-isothermal glass molding (NGM) in which a thin glass component is formed into a 3-dimensional shape. We apply a sequential optimization approach utilizing an ML-surrogate model with Bayesian optimization. We investigate these approaches and propose a comprehensive methodology for the application of MBO, offering valuable insights for the implementation of sequential and non-sequential optimization techniques in similar manufacturing contexts. Furthermore, the results from the application on the NGM use case are compared, highlighting their effectiveness in enhancing the NGM process’s quality.

关键词： Model-based optimization Surrogate modelling machine learning Process optimization Methodology

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Capability analysis of the dynamic R-test measuring thermo-elastic errors of a five-axis machine tool

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CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and technology 2025年 61卷 88-102页

作者： Tae Hun Lee Tim Klinkhammer Daniel Zontar Christian Brecher Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology (IPT) Steinbachstr. 17 52074 Aachen Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of the RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany

Five-axis machine tools are essential in industrial applications for their ability to efficiently machine complex geometries with high accuracy. The challenge of maintaining accuracy over long machining times is exacerbated by thermal effects that can contribute to significant geometric errors. To analyze these thermally induced geometric errors, also known as thermo-elastic errors, it is first necessary to measure them. Since the thermo-elastic state of the machine can change within a few minutes, the measurement method must have a short measurement time and the capability to measure a large number of geometric errors simultaneously. A potential promising method is the dynamic R-test, which can record the displacements of the sensor nest on the tool center point, synchronized with the actual positioning of the axes during a dynamic movement, and calculate the geometric errors using a kinematic model. The feasibility of the data acquisition method was previously demonstrated, but not the precise analysis and validation of its capability. Therefore, this study analyses the capability of the dynamic R-test to measure thermo-elastic errors in practice considering the influence of method, machine tool, human and environmental measurement uncertainties. For this purpose, numerous relevant measurement uncertainties are quantified, and a comprehensive measurement uncertainty analysis is performed using the Monte Carlo method. The results are then used to optimize the measurement method, striking a balance between time efficiency, measurement uncertainty and the number of measurable errors. They are validated by an experimental study in which thermo-elastic errors are artificially generated using the CNC geometric error compensation function on a demonstrator machine and then measured. This demonstrates the capability of the optimized dynamic R-test to measure thermo-elastic errors in practical settings, as well as a practical approach to the measurement uncertainty analysi

关键词： Five-axis machine tool Thermo-elastic errors R-test Measurement uncertainty Monte Carlo method

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Challenges and Opportunities in Composite Cathode Production of Polymer-Based Solid-State Batteries

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 130卷 443-448页

作者： Jonas Dhom Richard Röß-Ohlenroth Benedikt Stumper Christoph Berger Rüdiger Daub Fraunhofer Institute for Casting Composite and Processing Technology IGCV Am Technologiezentrum 10 86159 Augsburg Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr. 15 85748 Garching Germany

Higher energy densities and a high level of safety are decisive for the energy storage systems of electric vehicles to satisfy the high range requirements. The polymer-based solid-state battery is a promising technology that stands out due to its high energy density and theoretical safety advantages. Research into this innovative battery technology in Germany and Europe mainly focuses on the laboratory scale. For the production of polymer-based solid-state batteries, there is a lack of accessible information to transfer the laboratory scale to pilot production. Therefore, competence in upscaling the polymer-based composite cathode is essential. The current work investigates the cause-effect relationships of individual production processes of the polymer-based composite cathode in order to establish an in-depth understanding of how they can be scaled. In particular, mixing, coating, and calendering are compared with the corresponding processes of the conventional electrode production of lithium-ion battery cells to identify similarities and differences. The comparison demonstrates that the calendering process is particularly challenging due to the minimization of the porosity of the polymer-based composite cathode. For this reason, the challenges of calendering are discussed in detail. An existing empirical model of the calendering of lithium metal is used to enhance the comprehension of the calendering process. This results in a reduced material consumption and experimental setup time. By using a temporary foil to protect the calender rollers from the high adhesion, polymer-based composite cathodes can be calendered with a conventional roll-to-roll process. The results provide first informations of the scalability of the process of polymer-based composite cathodes from laboratory-based work to a larger scale.

关键词： solid-state battery composite cathode calendering porosity process empirical modeling concept

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Bin picking of deformable linear objects using object-oriented grasp planning

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 130卷 810-815页

作者： Jonas Dirr Cong Xu Janik Zeller Daniel Gebauer Rüdiger Daub Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr. 15 85748 Garching Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Casting Composite and Processing Technology (IGCV) Am Technologiezentrum 10 86159 Augsburg Germany

Picking deformable linear objects (DLOs) from an unorganized supply is required for many industrial handling and assembly tasks. Automated picking with robots can address labour shortage, but remains an unresolved challenge for DLOs. This paper proposes an approach for bin picking of DLOs using object-oriented grasp planning. Therefore, DLOs are localized in 2D images through general purpose instance segmentation, and the DLO topology is determined. Subsequently, grasp pose candidates are sampled and evaluated, and suitable instances for picking are determined. Thus, this approach derives a collision-free grasp pose for picking a suitable object. Real-world experiments demonstrate a success rate of up to 97 % for picking DLOs from overlapping and disordered arrangements in the first attempt.

关键词： Robotic picking grasping deformable one-dimensional objects DLO cable wire

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