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AI-enhanced Identification, Inspection and Sorting for Reverse Logistics in Remanufacturing

Procedia CIRP 2021年 98卷 300-305页

作者： Marian Schlüter Hannah Lickert Katharina Schweitzer Pinar Bilge Clemens Briese Franz Dietrich Jörg Krüger Fraunhofer IPK - Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Technische Universität Berlin Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany acatech – Deutsche Akademie der Technikwissenschaften Karolinenplatz 4 80333 München Germany

In a circular economy for remanufacturing, after each life cycle used products are returned to a remanufacturer for identification, inspection, sorting and reprocessing. Shortcomings and requirements of the remanufacturing market are identified through expert interviews and process analysis. A concept is proposed to enable an improved identification and a more objective inspection by enhancing the working environment and processes of sorting stations. Digitization and machine learning are applied on business data, using machine vision as well as sensor and actor skills of the worker. With an experimental case study on visual object recognition a positive impact on identification and thus sorting could be demonstrated.

关键词： Circular Economy Remanufacturing Reverse Logistics Sorting Computer Vision machine Learning Assistance System

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Influence on the microstructure of powder metallurgical metal foam by means of mechanical alloying 22nd

Influence on the microstructure of powder metallurgical meta...

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22nd Symposium on Composites, 2019

作者： Siebeck, Steve Trautmann, Maik Hohlfeld, Jörg Hipke, Thomas Wagner, Guntram Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Chemnitz University of Technology Professorship of Composites and Material Compounds Erfenschlager Straße 73 Chemnitz09125 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783035714531

Due to the process, metal foams produced by powder metallurgy have an inhomogeneous pore structure. The pore size variations from a few tenths of a millimeter up to the centimeter range is so typical. This leads to inconstant properties and makes the predictability of metal foam based components difficult. The present work deals with the approach to precondition the feedstock powder for the production of metal foams by mechanical alloying. Thereby, the homogeneous distribution of the blowing agent TiH2 is already present in the so-called composite powder. In addition, there is the possibility to add reinforcement particles with regard to a further improvement of the mechanical properties. Overall, this leads to a rather wide range of possible influencing factors and parameters to be varied. Accordingly, the present work is only a preview of a broad experimental program, taking into account the design of experiments and is currently being processed. In this first study, an alloy AA6060 has been used as the matrix material. The evaluated method provides a finer pore structure associated with a modified foaming behavior. © 2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Pore structure

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Hololens AR - Using Vuforia-Based Marker Tracking Together with Text Recognition in an Assembly Scenario

Hololens AR - Using Vuforia-Based Marker Tracking Together w...

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IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Workshops (ISMARW)

作者： Sebastian Knopp Philipp Klimant Robert Schaffrath Eric Voigt Rayk Fritzsche Christoph Allmacher Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes Chemnitz University of Technology Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728147666

Many real world applications for Microsoft HoloLens*-based applications suffer the problem of reliably recognizing and identifying movable objects within an environment. While the HoloLens is perfectly able to discern already known rooms, it still has troubles with reflecting surfaces or identically shaped objects. Using dedicated recognition libraries for each task poses the issue of shared resource access in the rather controlled HoloLens environment-In this poster we present a solution for scenario with hard to track objects and similarly shaped objects for an electrical cabinet assembly task, where the reflective cabinet is tagged with a marker and the prefabricated cables are differentiated by text-based labels.

关键词： HoloLens AR Vuforia Text recognition Application showcase Printed text recognition Argon Posters Cabinets Cabinet

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Considering energy-related factors in the simulation of logistics systems 19

Considering energy-related factors in the simulation of logi...

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Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference

作者： Moritz Poeting Bastian Prell Markus Rabe Tobias Uhlig Sigrid Wenzel TU Dortmund University Dortmund Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz Germany Universität der Bundeswehr München Neubiberg Germany University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728132839

Traditionally, aspects such as emissions and energy consumption have to be taken into account for environmental and economic reasons when it comes to transport. In other areas of logistics, such as production logistics and intralogistics, the energy aspect is also becoming increasingly important. Existing literature has been recently reviewed in a contribution of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Simulation (ASIM) to the Winter Simulation Conference 2018 (Uhlig et al. 2018) to develop a map of common approaches and best practices for manufacturing and logistics systems. In the paper presented here, as a complement we are focusing on the application of energy simulation in logistics to give a comprehensive overview and present exemplary case studies. Furthermore, we show a classification of approaches to combine energy aspects with simulation. Finally, we will discuss open questions and future trends in this field of research.

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Process behaviour of micro-textured CVD diamond thick film cutting tools during turning of Ti-6Al-4V

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 87卷 25-30页

作者： Eckart Uhlmann Danny Schröter Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management (IWF) Technische Universität Berlin 10587 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (IPK) 10587 Berlin Germany

Currently, an efficient machining of high-performance materials, such as titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, represents a challenge in manufacturing. For the reduction of high cutting temperatures, micro-textured CVD diamond thick film cutting tools establish new potentials regarding the process productivity. The application of micro-textures allows a reduced contact area between chip and tool in order to decrease the generation of heat. Furthermore, a direct application of lubricant into the cutting zone is possible. The present study investigates the influence of micro-textured CVD diamond thick film cutting tools on the resulting process forces, chip formation as well as maximum cutting volumes during turning process. Part of the investigations was a variation of micro-texture trajectory with micro-textures parallel to the major cutting edge, perpendicular to the bisector of corner angle ε and curved along the cutting edge. The analyses showed that both positive and negative effects occur using micro-textures. The forces can be reduced by 14 % whereas the use of micro-textures leads to higher feed forces F f by 21 % as well as an additional notch effect in the micro-texture bottom.

关键词： CVD diamond thick film micro-texture Ti-6Al-4V turning

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Data augmentation for inertial sensor based human action recognition using deep learning

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2989卷

作者： Jan Kuschan Hristo Filaretov Jörg Krüger Process Automation and Robotics Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Industrial Automation Technology Institute of Machine Tools and Factory Management Technical University Berlin Pascalstr. 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) approaches are predominantly based on supervised deep learning and benefit from large amounts of labeled data—an expensive resource. Data augmentation enriches labeled datasets by adding synthetic data, which is substantially cheaper, and often results in improved model performance, but is very rarely used for sensor data. This work explores data augmentation for inertial-sensor-based HAR by transforming the data through physically interpretable operations. The main studies were conducted on the Opportunity and the Overhead Car Assembly (OCA) datasets. For these experiments, only 20% of the available training data were used, and the experiments were conducted in an 8-fold cross-validation procedure over different subsets of the training *** results show that simple geometric augmentations can be beneficial in many cases. Timewarping proved to offer the most reliable single augmentation, improving the average F1 score of Opportunity from 0.570 to 0.597 and of OCA Mixed from 0.884 to 0.906. Combining augmentations improved the accuracy in almost all scenarios but to a degree comparable to timewarping. Applying augmentations on all the available training data improved the F1 score compared to the base case with no augmentations, although this effect is more pronounced for datasets with more similar training and test data: for the OCA Mixed variant, the average F1 score improved from 0.917 to 0.933, while for the OCA Leave-One-Out (LOT) variant, the average F1 score did not significantly change. For Opportunity, which similarly to OCA LOT uses a participant-based training-test split, the F1 score improved from 0.684 to 0.697.

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Preface

Lecture Notes in Production Engineering

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Lecture Notes in Production Engineering 2022年 Part F1160卷 v页

作者： Behrens, Bernd-Arno Brosius, Alexander Drossel, Welf-Guntram Hintze, Wolfgang Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Nyhuis, Peter Institute of Forming Technology and Machines Garbsen Germany Institute of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Dresden Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Chemnitz Germany Institute of Production Management and Technology Hamburg Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Dresden Germany Institute of Production Systems and Logistics Garbsen Germany

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Creating digital products in engineering companies – a practitioner’s review

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 100卷 205-210页

作者： Eike Permin Thomas Vollmer Dennis Grunert Robert Schmitt SMS digital GmbH Eduard-Schloemann-Str. 4 40237 Düsseldorf Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Technology Steinbachstraße 17 52074 Aachen Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University Steinbachstraße 19 52074 Aachen Germany

German engineering companies with their focus on mechanical solutions and technical excellence are currently going through a major change in their value creation – digitalization of products processes and the digital transformation of the entire organization. Comparable to the introduction of service-oriented business twenty years ago, digitalization comprises the opportunity to enhance the existing offer portfolio in terms of product individualization, reduced scrap or lead times, but at the same time creates extremely deviating requirements regarding innovation management, business models, commercial structures as well as company culture. At the same time, successful examples from the consumer industry or best practices in general cannot be applied as a one-to-one copy due to the different market situation and boundary conditions. This paper thus reviews the major challenges engineering companies are currently facing. It evaluates existing models and approaches from the consumer industry with respect to their applicability in engineering and finally provides best practices and examples from the EPC (Engineering, Procurement, Construction) market as well as their implementation strategy.

关键词： digitalization business apps business models development customer-centered innovation marketing scalability implementation partnering

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Potentials and challenges of Smart Products and related business models

Potentials and challenges of Smart Products and related busi...

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2020 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, technology and Innovation, ICE/ITMC 2020

作者： Wang, Wei Min Lunnemann, Pascal Klemichen, Antje Bluher, Till Stark, Rainer Technische Universität Berlin Department for Machine Tools and Factory Management Pascalstr. 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology Department for Virtual Product Creation Pascalstr. 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728170374

Smart products are increasingly penetrating the market. They extend cyber-physical systems with Internet-based services and thus enable customer-specific adaptations and updates of products in the field. For industrial companies, smart product offering bear the potential to expand their product portfolios and increase their sales. In this article, the results of a survey among German engineers are presented that evaluated the actual state of adoption and future expectations regarding smart products in German industrial companies. The results show that the majority of German companies have recognized the potentials of smart products and also introduced such offerings in their portfolio. In this context, it is also expected that the product-related usage data will lead to a more individual communication with the customer. On the other hand, there is a high degree of uncertainty among companies regarding the adaptation of new business models, cooperation with an increasing number of partners, data management and the necessary technological infrastructure. These uncertainties can result in companies leaving potentials unexploited and opening up opportunities for new market participants. In summary, there seems to be a remaining gap between the willingness to abandon traditional business models and the expectations and strategies for future value creation. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber Physical System

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Automotive hybrid design production and effective end machining by novel abrasive waterjet technique

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 101卷 374-377页

作者： M. Schüler D. Heidrich T. Herrig X.F. Fang T. Bergs Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstraße 17 52074 Aachen Germany University of Siegen - Institute of Automotive Lightweight Design Breite Strasse 11 57076 Siegen Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany

Hybrid designs with the combination of metal and long fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) offer a great opportunity to reduce component weight for automotive applications. Production costs are typically high due to complex processes and challenging end machining. A complete manufacturing process chain for simultaneous hybrid design production is presented. Hybrid forming, a manufacturing process combining metal sheet forming, LFT compression molding and bonding, was developed to manufacture an automotive lightweight component, finally end machined by innovative waterjet techniques. Besides optimizing waterjet end machining strategies, waterjet controlled-depth machining was used to remove LFT material selectively, resulting in increased hybrid production flexibility.

关键词： Waterjet machining Abrasion Abrasive Properties

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