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Definition and Reference Framework for Life Cycle Technologies in Life Cycle Engineering - a Case Study on All Solid State Traction Batteries

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 98卷 217-222页

作者： Nikolas Dilger Alexander Kaluza Almut Kiesewetter Felipe Cerdas Stefan Blume Sabrina Zellmer Christoph Herrmann Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films IST Bienroder Weg 54E 38108 Braunschweig Germany Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology (IWF) Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b 38106 Braunschweig Germany Open Hybrid LabFactory e.V. Hermann-Münch-Straβe 2 38440 Wolfsburg Germany

Life cycle engineering (LCE) methods are essential in the development of next generation energy storage systems in order to avoid harmful unintended environmental consequences. Moreover, the integration of life cycle knowledge early in the development stage of such technologies can lead to improved performance in regard to their environmental impact. Extensive information from all stages is needed to understand interdependencies along the life cycle, e.g. between required raw materials, applied processing parameters and lifetime behaviour of the battery. From an LCE perspective, the development of detailed and representative inventories for the assessment of traction batteries is a time and resource intensive process, which requires a difficult synchronization with product development activities. A cyber and physical integration of Life Cycle Technologies in a product system offers the potential to reduce data collection efforts while enhancing its robustness and reliability. Life Cycle Technologies can refer to any product- or process- integrated data acquisition technology, e.g. sensors, which can be leveraged to provide knowledge about a product’s life cycle performance. In this paper, we introduce the concept of Life Cycle Technologies and their potential to maximize the functionality of traction batteries while reducing their life cycle environmental impact. Furthermore, we present a reference architecture aiming at the development and integration of such technologies. Finally, we illustrate its application in a case study of All Solid State Batteries and discuss its usability in the development of new generation battery systems.

关键词： Traction Batteries Life Cycle Performance Life Cycle Technologies All Solid State Batteries

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Microstructured multifunctional polymer chips by UV-photopolymerization injection molding 18

Microstructured multifunctional polymer chips by UV-photopol...

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18th International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2018

作者： Hackl, C. Griebel, J. Elsner, C. Edelmann, J. Abel, B. Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification IOM Leipzig Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780995775121

In this paper we present a very promising procedure for fabrication of double-sided structured foils by UV photopolymerization based injection molding process. By using different acrylates (urethane- and epoxy-based, mono- and multifunctionalized) it is possible to control the mechanical parameters of the produced polymer films, e. g. Young's modulus, transition temperature, brittleness. For the polymerization TPO-L is used as an UV initiator. Mechanical properties as well as molding quality of the films prepared by UV-induced injection molding were compared to hot-embossed poly(carbonate) films of the same layout. Problems during demolding were discussed and an improvement by non-adhesive coatings of the tool inserts and the lid-glass is illustrated. Furthermore, we demonstrated the flexibility of the process by successfully tuning the wettability of the poly(acrylate) films from hydrophilic (water contact angle of 30°) to hydrophobic (water contact angle of 106°) by adding suitable additives to the acrylate mixture, e. g. sulfopropyl acrylate or C16/C18 alkyl acrylate derivatives. In this respect, the filling of the microfluidic channels with a test solution in dependence of the water contact angle was also investigated. The UV-induced injection molding approach promises high flexibility regarding the properties of the resulting films, possible future applications are the fabrication of multilayer films or films with spatially separated areas with different wettability. Based on this idea we present first results of the utilization of a complex tool which allows for the injection of two different acrylate mixtures. © 2018 CURRAN-CONFERENCE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polymer films

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Multi-Material additive manufacturing - Recycling of binary metal powder mixtures by screening 53

Multi-Material additive manufacturing - Recycling of binary ...

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53rd CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems, CMS 2020

作者： Horn, Max Prestel, Lena Schmitt, Matthias Binder, Maximilian Schlick, Georg Seidel, Christian Reinhart, Gunther Fraunhofer Research Institution for Casting Composite and Processing Technology IGCV Beim Glaspalast 5 Augsburg86153 Germany Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics University of Applied Sciences Munich Lothstr. 34 Munich80335 Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management of Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr. 15 Garching n. Munich85748 Germany

Multi-material additive manufacturing by laser powder bed fusion enables arbitrary material composition in components and thus opens new design possibilities. During the manufacturing process utilized powders are mixed and arising cross-contaminations are a hindrance for powder reuse. This paper investigates the possibility to process binary metal powder mixtures of different particle size distributions, which can be sorted and recycled by screening. Two different material combinations are processed over three multi-material manufacturing cycles and powder purities in the range of parts per thousand foreign particles can be achieved. Furthermore, material flow is calculated and general applicability of the recycling process is evaluated. © 2020 The Authors.

关键词： Particle size

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Correction to: Properties of a superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy using laser powder bed fusion and adaptive scanning strategies

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Progress in Additive Manufacturing 2021年第1期7卷 139-139页

作者： Gustmann, Tobias Gutmann, Florian Wenz, Franziska Koch, Peter Stelzer, Ralph Drossel, Welf‑Guntram Korn, Hannes Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed Dynamics (Ernst-Mach-Institut) EMI Freiburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM Freiburg Germany Chair of Engineering Design and CAD Technical University Dresden Dresden Germany

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System identification of a hysteresis-controlled pump system using SINDy

System identification of a hysteresis-controlled pump system...

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International Conference on System Theory, Control, and Computing (ICSTCC)

作者： Gregor Thiele Arne Fey David Sommer Jörg Krüger Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Berlin Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728198095

ISBN: (纸本)9781728198101

Hysteresis-controlled devices are widely used in industrial applications. For example, cooling devices usually contain a two-point controller, resulting in a nonlinear hybrid system with two discrete states. Dynamic models of systems are essential for optimizing such industrial supply technology. However, conventional system identification approaches can hardly handle hysteresis-controlled devices. Thus, the new identification method Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy) is extended to consider hybrid systems. SINDy composes models from basis functions out of a customized library in a data-driven manner. For modeling systems that behave dependent on their own past as in the case of natural hysteresis, Ferenc Preisach introduced the relay hysteron as an elementary mathematical description. In this new method (SINDyHybrid), tailored basis functions in form of relay hysterons are added to the library which is used by SINDy. Experiments with a hysteresis controlled water basin show that this approach correctly identifies state transitions of hybrid systems and also succeeds in modeling the dynamics of the discrete system states. A novel proximity hysteron achieves the robustness of this method. The impacts of the sampling rate and the signal noise ratio of the measurement data are examined accordingly.

关键词： Autoregressive processes Magnetic hysteresis Biological system modeling Nonlinear dynamical systems Hysteresis Relays Data models

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Media Based forming and Injection Molding Based on Fiber Reinforced Plastic Tubes

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Procedia Manufacturing 2019年 27卷 166-171页

作者： A. Albert M. Werner D. Landgrebe W.-G. Drossel M. Layer U. Engelmann L. Kroll Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Department of Lightweight Structures and Polymer Technology Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany

Research and development for industrial applications forces fraunhofer IWU to explore new fields of technology. The combination of Media Based forming and Injection Molding (MBF-IM) in a single process is such a new development to meet the requirements on lightweight design and resource efficiency. Based on over 20 years of fraunhofer IWU experience in hydroforming, this technology development started with the usage of metal tubes and PA6 with glass fiber to produce metal-plastic-hybrid-components the structural strength of the component is realized by the formed metal tube while the molded attachment allows for easy functionalization. Cockpit cross beams (CQB) are known state of the art components produced this way. In a first development step the conventional hydroforming process was replaced by media based forming (MBF) using nitrogen as a pressure medium. With this process the tool can always be kept dry for the injection molding (IM) process without any additional effort, and no subsequent part cleaning is necessary. Together with TU Chemnitz and industrial partners further developments are continuously carried out and still under research. The focus of this strategic cooperation is the development and the usage of plastic tubes for the structural function of the component. The paper shows the development path from the state of the art for the MBF-IM from metal-plastic hybrid components to the replacement of the liquid active medium for the MBF by gaseous nitrogen, the use of endless fiber-reinforced plastic tubes as semi-finished products to the MBF-IM of short-fiber-reinforced plastic tubes.

关键词： Hydroforming Injection molding Fiber reinforced plastics manufacturing process

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Energy optimal set-points for coupled systems using their topology*

Energy optimal set-points for coupled systems using their to...

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International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)

作者： Gregor Thiele Rico Clauß Theresa Johanni Jörg Krüger Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology Berlin Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technical University of Berlin Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management Technical University of Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728159539

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159546

Energy efficiency is an emerging topic for companies in the industrial sector. The optimization of existing machines by advanced control is increasingly approached. For interconnected systems, we present a general procedure to include topology knowledge in an automated set-point optimization routine. This paper demonstrates an exemplary algorithm, applied to a parallel connection of two chillers for test purposes.

关键词： Optimization Mathematical model Topology Hysteresis Data models Interconnected systems Information technology

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Modeling elastic behavior of forming machine components to reduce tool manufacturing time

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Procedia Manufacturing 2019年 27卷 177-184页

作者： R. Tehel T. Päßler M. Mihm Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany ALLGAIER Automotive GmbH Ulmer Straße 75 73066 Uhingen Germany

In the domain of sheet metal forming for car bodywork the deep drawing process is one of the essential operations and finishes with the calibration of the final contour in the bottom dead center. At this point the demand for great accuracy is opposed to the highest press force inducing large deformations of the tool and the machine itself. The tool deformation is known from CAD and FEM, whereas the compensation of the machine elasticity is currently carried out only in a global and general way. This paper describes a workflow for the measurement and analysis of the individual elastic behavior of a forming machine’s most relevant components and their conversion into a FE model which is capable to be used in a simulation together with the tool geometry for determining the individual compensational camber of the tool. This workflow targets the enhancement of the current general empirical values with an individual deterministic approach for each machine and tool combination to reduce the overall time for tool manufacturing.

关键词： forming Tool geometry Finite element method (FEM)

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Combined and fast computable thermal models for situationally optimal tempering of machine tool components

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Procedia CIRP 2019年 79卷 608-613页

作者： Juliane Weber Janine Glänzel Jens Popken Linart Shabi Jürgen Weber Institute of Fluid Power TU Dresden Helmholtzstr. 7a 01069 Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

The focus of this paper is on the modeling of an existing machine frame with its cooling structures. An overview is given of all the modeling methods used, their respective sub-targets and their interactions with each other. The modeling workflow encompasses both the mechanical and fluidic properties of the machine frame, including the fluid circuits and their control. The study results are the different requirements for modeling and the achievable result accuracy with regard to the temperature and deformation field. It forms the basis for the subsequent investigation of various temperature control variants, which are not part of this paper.

关键词： machine tools machine frame Cooling system Modeling CFD FEM Network-based 1D modeling

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Identification in the Frequency Domain of Mechanically Coupled Axes on Servo-Screw Presses

Identification in the Frequency Domain of Mechanically Coupl...

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International Conference on Control, Mechatronics and Automation (ICCMA)

作者： H. Kirchner J. Quellmalz H. Schlegel P. Müller Department of Control and Feedback Control Technology Technische Universität Chemnitz Germany Department of Forming Technology and Joining Fraunhofer Institut for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728137889

The article deals with the system identification of drive trains on forming machines. The aim is to analyze the mechanical properties in the frequency domain. A comparison of uncoupled single axes with several axes in a coupling system should provide information on whether different controller parameters or controller structures have to be adapted for both cases. This will be investigated using the example of an electromechanical die cushion on a servo screw press.

关键词： couplings dies (machine tools) fasteners forming processes presses servomechanisms press-in Servomechanism forming PROCESSES Fasteners Press Couplings axe Axis, Cervical Vertebra Frequency-domain analysis Axis Screw presses System identification coupling coupled system cushions

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