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Derivation of Guidelines for Reliable Finishing of Aluminium Matrix Composites by Jet Electrochemical Machining

Procedia CIRP 2018年 68卷 471-476页

作者： Norbert Lehnert Matthias Hackert-Oschätzchen André Martin Andreas Schubert Professorship Micromanufacturing Technology Chemnitz University of Technology 09107 Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology 09126 Chemnitz Germany

The Collaborative Research Centre SFB 692 at Chemnitz University of technology is focused on aluminium-based light-weight materials in safety-related parts and components. One field of activity are aluminium matrix composites (AMCs). Thereby, the manufacturing, the mechanical properties, the economic opportunities and challenges as well as the machinability are investigated. One of the research focusses is the finish-machining of AMCs by Jet Electrochemical Machining (Jet-ECM). Therefore, one objective is to achieve guidelines for reliable machining of AMCs by Jet-ECM. In a first step the dissolution characteristic of EN AW 2017 with 10% of SiC particles, which was manufactured within the SFB 692, was analysed by help of a microcapillary cell, applying a sodium nitrate electrolyte. Furthermore, Jet-ECM was used to generate point erosions using different pH-neutral electrolytes, namely NaNO 3 and NaCl. AMCs made of the aluminium alloy EN AW 2017 with 0%, 5% and 10% SiC particles were machined with a maximal voltage of 25 V. In the current study the parameter field is extended further. The dissolution characteristic by using the pH-neutral electrolyte sodium-bromide is analysed and the voltage range is set to 60 V. Those experiments show, that each electrolyte causes a specific dissolution characteristic. Based on the experimental data, guidelines for a reliable finishing of AMCs by Jet-ECM are derived. The resulting guidelines can be used to predict the depth of the point erosions as function of particle fraction, the applied voltage and the machining time, with respect to the used electrolyte. The statistical evaluation of the guidelines show, that the applied voltage and the machining time are the dominant factors to control the dimensions of the point erosions. Whereas the particle fraction has a minor effect on depth and width.

关键词： Electro chemical machining (ECM) Metal matrix composite Aluminium Silicon carbide

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Bio-Intelligent Selective Laser Melting System based on Convolutional Neural Networks for In-Process Fault Identification

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 88卷 612-617页

作者： Roberta Angelone Alessandra Caggiano Roberto Teti Adriaan Spierings Alexandre Staub Konrad Wegener Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering University of Naples Federico II Italy Fraunhofer Joint Laboratory of Excellence on Advanced Production Technology (Fh-J_LEAPT UniNaples) Italy Department of Industrial Engineering University of Naples Federico II Italy inspire AG Innovation centre for additive manufacturing Switzerland Institute of Machine Tools and Manufacturing ETH Zurich Switzerland

This research work focuses on the development of a bio-intelligent additive manufacturing system based on Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology in the framework of the Biological Transformation in Manufacturing. With the objective to provide the SLM system with cognition, decision making and self-learning capabilities inspired by human intelligence and cognitive skills, a machine learning approach using convolutional neural networks for in-process fault identification based on automatic image processing is presented. An in-process sensor monitoring system based on a camera installed on the SLM machine tool is employed to acquire images of the scanned layers with the final aim to timely identify possible faults and realize an adaptive layer-by-layer control loop in which the process is self-adjusted based on learning.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Selective laser melting Bio-intelligence Convolutional neural networks machine learning Image processing

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Enhancement and analysis of multidimensional characteristic diagrams for correction of TCP-displacements caused by thermal tool displacement

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Procedia CIRP 2018年 77卷 553-556页

作者： Matthias Putz Christian Oppermann Michael Bräunig Fraunhofer-Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU 09126 Chemnitz Germany Chemnitz University of Technology 09010 Chemnitz Germany

In the present paper former developed characteristic diagram approaches for the correction of thermo-elastic TCP-displacements during cutting processes are extended. Input variables linked with the resulting deformations are estimated by Design of Experiments (DoE). Deformations are computed by means of FEA via the estimation of heat fluxes in the system workpiece – chip – tool – clamping device and the temperature field in tool and clamping device. Multidimensional characteristic diagrams are derived to enable real-time correction of tool paths within the machine tool control. These correction approaches are of crucial importance especially in the field of precision machining and difficult-to-cut material generating large heat amounts. With the obtained correction values the effect of the different cutting parameters on the TCP-displacement is investigated in a sensitivity analysis.

关键词： TCP-displacement Thermal error Characteristic diagramm machine Tool Sensitivity analysis Design of Experiments

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A new simulation and optimization tool for calculating the attenuation of airborne and structure-borne sound of maritime silencers 47

A new simulation and optimization tool for calculating the a...

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47th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering: Impact of Noise Control Engineering, INTER-NOISE 2018

作者： Lindner, Paul Schulze, Christian Hübelt, Jörn Georgi, Tom Troge, Jan Gesellschaft für Akustikforschung Dresden mbH Blumenstraße 80 Dresden01307 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Nöthnitzer Straße 44 Dresden01187 Germany

The acoustical impact of silencers is restricted by the influence of structure-borne sound. Thereby, excitation and radiation of structure-borne sound play an important role, as well as its transmission along the silencer system. In the design process of a silencer the influence of structure-borne sound on the damping effect is mostly considered by empirical estimations, which can cause an oversized construction. For calculating structure-borne sound in maritime silencers with their typical large dimensions, the application of statistical methods is a possible problem-solving approach. In this contribution, a new simulation and optimization tool is presented, considering the decreased damping effect of silencers due to structure-borne sound. The tool is based on Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA). Results of analytical and experimental SEA are compared. These results were obtained on downscaled silencers and have been transferred to real maritime silencers. Especially the SEA-parameters loss factor and coupling loss factor, airborne and structure-borne sound energies and the number of relevant modes are considered. Based on the measured damping of a silencer compared with numerical and statistical calculations, the capability for optimizing the design process of large silencers is shown. © INTER-NOISE 2018 - 47th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering: Impact of Noise Control Engineering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Damping

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Development of a classification and generation approach for innovative technologies

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Procedia Manufacturing 2018年 21卷 798-805页

作者： A.P. Kuznetsov H.-J. Koriath Moscow State University of Technology “STANKIN” 127055 Moscow Russia Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU 09126 Chemnitz Germany

This paper considers the state of the art and analyses five existing classification principles for technological and manufacturing processes aiming at the part and product formation. The proposed energetic-information model describes the generation of technological schemes and processes, based on the system description for structural conversion, transfer and interaction of material, energy and information. Classification principles for technological processes and their structural description generate classes, types and procedures (methods). A generation procedure and mechanism for innovative technological processes is developed. Approved classification of manufacturing processes for DIN8580, NISTIR 7913, according to Todd, Paul De Garmo, by Ashby are particular cases of the proposed classification approach. The proposed approach and process classification system is forming an image of DIN8580. The classification, generation and analysis approach for manufacturing technologies applies for the creation of innovative procedures, manufacturing equipment and systems.

关键词： methods manufacturing processes technology classification

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A performance measurement system for integrated production and maintenance planning

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 93卷 1037-1042页

作者： M. Schreiber C.S.L. Schutte S. Braunreuther G. Reinhart Fraunhofer Institute for Casting Composite and Processing Technology (IGCV) Provinostr. 52 86153 Augsburg Germany Hochschule Augsburg University of Applied Sciences An der Hochschule 1 86161 Augsburg Germany Stellenbosch University Department of Industrial Engineering Private Bag X1 Stellenbosch 7602 South Africa Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management (iwb) Technical University Munich Boltzmannstr. 15 85748 Garching Germany

The increasing amount of production resources to be maintained and efficiency requirements are forcing manufacturing companies to improve production and maintenance effectiveness by a mutual consideration of both functions in an integrated planning process. However, less attention is paid to monitor the performance of manufacturing systems based on key performance indicators to identify the need for measures and adapting plans. Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) are applied to accomplish this task. Therefore, this paper presents an evaluation of existing PMS’s for production and maintenance planning. A new PMS that considers strategic and operational views is presented and validated by an industrial case study.

关键词： performance measurement system maintenance planning multi-criteria decision making

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Target-oriented Analysis of Resource Consumption in Manufacturing Process Chains

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Procedia Manufacturing 2018年 21卷 462-467页

作者： A. Demmer N. Klingbeil F. Klocke M. Putz R. Schmitt T. Vollmer Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstrasse 17 Aachen 52074 Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany

Nowadays, manufacturing companies have to view their resource consumption as a cost driver in order to identify efficient and economical processes. Methodologies for investigating, assessing and comparing process chains are vital in order to gain an accurate insight into cost drivers over the course of the entire process chain [1]. Scrutiny of this nature enables cost drivers to be identified via the parameters process time, machine and staff costs in addition to costs related to energy, material and consumables. A review of the usage phase permits elevated costs during manufacture to be justified by reduced costs during operation. The allocation of costs to resources within individual cost-driving process steps ensures target-oriented derivation of improvement measures. The methodology has been designed to serve as basis for production planning, for example, with regard to (energy and resource) efficiency and applied to low-pressure turbine blades made of nickel-base alloys and titanium aluminide. A dedicated analysis of process chain costs provides an insight into the development of individual production costs. This information forms a basis on which to make decisions regarding output quantity or the most appropriate time for investment in new machines. In conjunction with the process chain comparison, this serves as a basis for the integration of the results obtained into a data base which allows the user to select a goal-oriented process chain selection. The data base can provide information regarding the organization of production chains in order to ensure that the product is manufactured accordingly to reduce resources, energy consumption, process times or overall costs.

关键词： Energy efficiency Manufacturing process Production planning

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Predictive control of a synchronized individual production

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Procedia CIRP 2019年 81卷 69-74页

作者： T. Heutmann R.H. Schmitt Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstrasse 17 Aachen 52074 Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 Aachen 52074 Germany

Due to market competition, the synchronized individual production principle penetrates industrial companies with single- or small-series production promising more efficient and reliable production processes. The general principle and scheduling algorithms have been introduced in the past, however without implementing production control. Therefore, this paper introduces the control of a synchronized individual production aiming to act proactively. First, a literature review demonstrates the scientific relevance. Second, a predictive control concept is designed and its components are introduced. Compared with conventional job-shop control, the approach considers the characteristics of the synchronized individual principle and bridges the gap that inhibits its successful industrial application.

关键词： Production control Synchronized job shop production Control loop

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Development of a decision logic for the selection of a flexible robotic system for the automated manufacturing in tooling

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Procedia CIRP 2019年 81卷 435-440页

作者： Marcel Wilms Thomas Bergs Kristian Arntz Lars Johannsen Simon Strassburg Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstrasse 17 52074 Aachen Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany

Today’s tool and die production is characterized by a high level of individualization and complex manufacturing processes. As a result tool making companies need a high number of various machine tools which require a high investment and big footprint. A flexible robotic system offers the advantage of combining several manufacturing processes in one set up (e.g. by interchangeable tool heads). But the diverse and contrary requirements of manufacturing processes are a challenge for the selection of a specific robot system. The developed decision logic solves this problem by using weighted fuzzy attribute sets to evaluate the feasibility and economic efficiency.

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Implementation of an Automated Manufacturing Platform for Engineering of Functional Osteochondral Implants

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 110卷 32-35页

作者： J. Krieger B. Nießing N. König C. Mota V. La Pointe S. Van Rijt D. Kondro M. Hiatt B. Viellerobe B. Brisson M. Marechal L. Geris F.P. Luyten I. Papantoniou R.H. Schmitt Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Steinbachstr. 17 52074 Aachen Germany Universiteit Maastricht Minderbroedersberg 4-6 6200 MD Maastricht Netherlands STEMCELL Technologies UK Ltd. Building 7100 Cambridge Research Park B CB25 9TL Cambridge United Kingdom Poietis 27 Allée Charles Darwin 33600 Pessac France Prometheus Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering KU Leuven O&N1 Herestraat 49 PB 813 3000 Leuven Belgium Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research KU Leuven ON1 Herestraat 49 PB 813 3000 Leuven Belgium Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) RWTH Aachen University Campus-Boulevard 30 52074 Aachen Germany

The EU Horizon 2020 project »JointPromise« proposes the development and implementation of an end-to-end automated production platform for three-dimensional joint implants, paving the way for tissue-engineered implants able to regenerate deep osteochondral defects. Currently, the manufacturing pipeline consists in manual production processes for microtissue cultivation, harvest and bioassembly into larger implants. In the conceptualizing stage of this project, the manual processes were translated into standard operating protocols (SOPs) and process design criteria like material flow and throughput as well as technical specifications of laboratory devices for an automated performance were elaborated. Spheroid-based implants provide a novel approach in tissue engineering by aggregating progenitor cells into potent microtissues. After the differentiation of cartilaginous microtissues, functional joint implants are assembled via 3D bioprinting to match the complex structural organization of native cartilage tissue. The »JointPromise« platform includes suitable devices for cell and microtissue cultivation, harvest and implant production as well as quality control in an overall layout consisting of according pipetting units, incubator, centrifuge, bioprinter and high-speed microscope. After initiating the platform build-up, a control software for process controlling and monitoring during cell seeding, cultivation and harvest is implemented. Clinical feasibility and efficacy of osteochondral defect regeneration by the produced joint implants will subsequently be proven in large animal models. This project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 874837.

关键词： Automation Osteoarthritis Tissue Engineering Bioprinting Stem Cells Regenerative Medicine

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