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Development approach of a workflow for 3D printing of living mycelium materials and their growth manipulation

Procedia CIRP 2024年 125卷 302-307页

作者： Sophia Elsner Rebekka Jesch Linda Weisheit Lukas Boxberger Steffen Ihlenfeldt Welf-Guntram Drossel Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Nöthnitzer Straße 44 01187 Dresden Germany

As a viscous mycelium-substrate-composite, mycelia can be processed into more complex geometries in generative extrusion-based processes, even without molding tools. Biological transformation can also affect the properties of a printed object such that the mycelium still lives and grows after the 3D-build-process and changes the object over time. Depending on the substrate composition, type of fungus and growth conditions, different properties of the object can be manipulated. Different test geometries with corresponding preliminary characterization tests are shown. The present results demonstrate that test geometries could be successfully 3D printed with living mycelium material and manipulated during cultivation.

关键词： Free forming Material Processing 4D+ Printing Biological Transformation Biomechatronics Mycelium Materials

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Influence of the cutting edge preparation of carbide punching tools for punching of ultra-high strength steel strips 7

Influence of the cutting edge preparation of carbide punchin...

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7th CIRP Conference on Surface Integrity, CSI 2024

作者： Redžić, Nermin Winter, Sven Galiev, Elmar Baron, Sarah Stein, Christian Höfer, Markus Regel, Joachim Kräusel, Verena Dix, Martin Chemnitz University of Technology Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes IWP Reichenhainer Str. 70 Chemnitz09126 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films IST Riedenkamp 2 Braunschweig38108 Germany

In order to ensure a robust punching process of ultra-high strength steel spring strips using carbide punching tools, a high stability of the cutting edge is required. Here the cutting edge preparation process has a significant influence. In the presented study, high-pressure abrasive water jet technology for cutting edge preparation was designed, investigated and analysed. For defining the optimal cutting edge shape regarding stresses, a numerical analysis using LS-DYNA was conducted. Within this analysis, the influence of the cutting edge rounding and symmetry was numerically tested and evaluated. Based on the results, two cutting edge shapes were selected and prepared using the high-pressure abrasive water injection jet technology. The tools were applied in the punching process up to 50, 000 strokes in order to analyse the cutting performance and tool wear. With regard to a highly wear resistant tool for punching, a combination of the abrasive water injection jet preparation routine and a CVD diamond coating are under further investigation and first insights are presented additionally. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： High strength steel

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Novel method for manufacturing herringbone gears by power skiving 15

Novel method for manufacturing herringbone gears by power sk...

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15th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, ICME 2021

作者： Bauer, Ruben Dix, Martin Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenainer Str. 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany

Due to the symmetrical flank configuration, herringbone gears have no resulting axial forces and a smaller tooth width than helical gears. Because of existing manufacturing limitations, currently only double helical gears with wide center space or assembled herringbone gears are applied. In the present work, a novel machining method for herringbone gears by power skiving is presented. For this purpose, tool and technology are designed using a mathematical process model and tested subsequently. It is shown that the process can produce the required geometry with significant improvements on productivity and accuracy. Additionally, the unused center area can be eliminated. © 2022 The Author(s).

关键词： Helical gears

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Software support for the development of flexible plant technology in highly automated and high-rate body-in-white production 16

Software support for the development of flexible plant techn...

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16th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, CIRP ICME 2022

作者： Fritzsche, Rayk Ahrens, Antje Hd. of Grp. Adaptable Assembly Syst. at Fraunhofer Inst. for Mach. Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Scientific Employee at Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany

The remarkly high degree of automation within body-in-white production, with high quality requirements and the increasing demand for product-flexible production form a conflict of objectives. The most significant challenges in making the operating resources of body-in-white manufacturing more flexible arise with the the development of model-flexible geometry fixtures, with the geometric and qualitative requirements being most significant in the production of vehicle doors. For the efficient design of model-flexible fixtures specific methods and software tools for part alignment, clamp point grouping and fixture design have been developed. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Product design

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Design and Characterization of Piezoceramic Thick Film Sensor for Measuring Cutting Forces in Turning Processes 18th

Design and Characterization of Piezoceramic Thick Film Senso...

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18th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, GCSM 2022

作者： Panesso, M. Ettrichrätz, M. Gebhardt, S. Georgi, O. Rüger, C. Gnauck, M. Drossel, W.-G. Fraunhofer IWU Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Nöthnitzer Str. 44 Dresden01187 Germany Fraunhofer IKTS Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems Winterbergstr. 28 Dresden01277 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031288388

Cutting forces in turning processes usually correlate with tool conditions. For this reason, the acquisition of force signals is of key importance for monitoring purposes. Despite the robustness of current piezoelectric measuring platforms, their large weight ratio relative to standalone tool-holder systems limits their effective usable bandwidth for analyzing force signals. Further limitations include high costs and lack of flexibility for general purpose turning operations. Due to this, such systems fail to find acceptance in practical applications and are mainly limited to research activities. To improve these aspects, this work investigates the use of an alternative integration concept using a piezoceramic thick film sensor for performing near-process cutting force measurements at the tool-holder. The charge output of the sensor was estimated using a coupled structural-piezoelectric simulation for its design. The modelled prototype was assembled and characterized by means of a static calibration and an impact hammer test. Following these, a first implementation of the system under dry cutting conditions took place. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Lead zirconate titanate

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Approach to a GPT-based Early Detection Tool to Evaluate Heterogeneous Data Sources and Identify Reconfiguration Needs of SMEs in the Production Sector 57

Approach to a GPT-based Early Detection Tool to Evaluate Het...

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18th IFAC Workshop on Time Delay Systems, TDS 2024

作者： Jacob, Adrian Achour, Anas Ben Teicher, Uwe Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Pforzheimer Str. 7a Dresden01189 Germany TU Dresden Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Helmholtzstr. 7a Dresden01062 Germany

In the face of a rapidly evolving commercial ecosystem, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) must ensure their process chains are capable of swift reconfiguration to mitigate disruptions from supply chain volatility, regulatory changes, and demand shifts. This study addresses the need for reconfiguration in the context of data-driven opportunities for early identification of reconfiguration needs in SMEs, with a focus on the production sector. We identify a variety of diverse and heterogeneous data sources that are critical for tracking these disruptions, such as public news, economic reports, market analyses, legal documents, and internal corporate records. To make use of these data streams, we propose an innovative early detection tool that employs advanced machine learning techniques and private, locally operated Generative Pretrained Transformers (GPTs). This system is intended to process and analyze the various data formats that SMEs encounter including HTML, PDF and plain text as well as quantitative data. By combining public and company internal data while addressing privacy concerns, the tool aims to provide SMEs with a comprehensive tracking of their commercial environments. The tool also addresses the challenges posed by the limited availability of large datasets within SMEs, which are typically required for effective use of machine learning techniques, allowing for effective operation with smaller datasets. As these technologies continue to advance, their impact across various industries, including legal, manufacturing, and supply chain management, is set to expand significantly. The proposed tool offers SMEs enhanced decision-making, compliance assurance, and the ability to proactively adapt to the unpredictable global business landscape. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Chains

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Computer-based design and development of a fully automated assembly of aircraft doors made of thermoplastic composite material

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 126卷 805-810页

作者： Rayk Fritzsche Erik Jäger Head of group Adaptable assembly systems at Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany Scientific employeeat Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz 09126 Germany

For production of aircraft doors using innovative lightweight materials, a fully automated assembly process was developed. Therefor a door structure of an overwing-exit-door is to be joined from thermoplastic composite material components. The innovative material enable the use of new joining concepts. The assembly process was virtually simulated in order to forecast production time, process sequence, provision of operating resources and investment costs. Relevant manufacturing equipment was designed and accessibilities of the clamping and joining tools as well as collision areas were determined and optimized. To quality management, process control concept was developed with which geometric deviations of the components can be automatically compensated.

关键词： process automation aircraft production thermoplastic composite material assembly process virtual simulation manufacturing equipment

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Bioinspired approaches for resource-efficient material flow in production – an innovative actuator concept for peristaltic-based transport

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 125卷 249-254页

作者： Henriette Kunze Marcel Lorenz Scientific employee at Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany

In automated material flow, in a wide variety of areas, the primary goal is usually to handle a wide spectrum of components as time- and cost-efficiently as possible. In view of the current and future challenges in industrial production, it is becoming apparent that ecological requirements are becoming increasingly important in automation solutions. For example, in form of resource efficiency, transformability and material efficiency. In this context, especially materials handling technology is subject of various optimization approaches, as no value is added to the part handled. The question: "How does material flow occur in nature?" thus offers biologically inspired approaches to thinking about transport in the industrial sector. This paper first presents a selection of concepts or existing mechanisms that are adaptable in materials- handling technology and have been developed based on a biological model. In the second part of this paper, a new concept is presented that is modeled on peristalsis as a transport mechanism. The approach presented here uses tensegrity-structures for assembly, which are characterized by their high material efficiency and flexibility. The transport movement is achieved by peristaltic typical contraction or relaxation of the respective structure parts.

关键词： tensegrity biotensegrity assembly technologies

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Synthetically Generated Images for Industrial Anomaly Detection 29

Synthetically Generated Images for Industrial Anomaly Detect...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2024

作者： Wagenstetter, Marco Gospodnetic, Petra Bosnar, Lovro Fulir, Juraj Kreul, Donovan Rushmeier, Holly Aicher, Thomas Hellmich, Arvid Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Powertrain Production System Planning Bmw Group Germany Synthetic Data Generation Fraunhofer Itwm Germany Yale University Synthetic Data Generation United States Machine tools and forming technology Fraunhofer Iwu Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361230

Automation of inspection for quality control is needed to overcome the errors and delays inherent in manual processes. machine learning methods have the potential to greatly improve automated inspection. However, machine learning techniques require training data that are precisely labeled and reflect the distribution of defects to be detected. Physically collecting suitable training data requires significant time and prolongs the overall time for system development. To address this challenge, a new study is presented that explores synthetic data generation for a state-of-the-art anomaly detection (AD) model in the electric motor housing (EMH) surface inspection. The study successfully demonstrates using synthetic data for anomaly detection and presents a comparison of detection performance by models trained solely on synthetic data and models trained on both synthetic and real data. The study shows that real data combined with synthetic data can increase overall model performance. The study also addresses current challenges in using synthetic data and proposes directions for future work. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Coupled CFD model of tool environment and workspace to determine the convective heat transfer in jet cooling of milling processes in machine tools 20

Coupled CFD model of tool environment and workspace to deter...

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20th CIRP Conference on Modeling of Machining Operations in Mons, CIRP CMMO 2025

作者： Brier, Steffen Geist, Alexander Glänzel, Janine Naumann, Christian Regel, Joachim Dix, Martin Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Chemnitz University of Technology Professorship Production Systems and Processes Reichenhainer Str. 70 Chemnitz09126 Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Technical University Dresden Institute for Machine Tools Development and Adaptive Controls Helmholtzstraße 10 Dresden01069 Germany

The responsible use of resources is an essential part of the manufacturing of industrial products. This includes the economical use of cooling lubricant and requires precise knowledge of the cooling mechanisms and their effect on the accuracy of the machine tool and thus the thermal error. A temporal and spatial resolution of the dynamic coolant flow near the tool and in the entire workspace in a single model would require a large simulation time. Therefore, a composite model was developed, that consists of a near-tool model and a larger surrounding workspace model. The required static near-tool cooling lubricant distribution is obtained via data discretization methods from a separate static simulation that resolves the turbulence of the cooling lubricant created by the tool rotation. The identified coolant distribution is integrated into a CFD near-tool model (with simplified tool geometry) which is coupled with a surrounding CFD workspace model. The workspace model is thus able to identify the effects of the coolant wetting on the machine surface temperature and finally, using thermo-elastic FEM simulations, on the resulting thermal error. This approach allows the composite model to simulate the entire workspace with reduced simulation effort and map the coolant-influenced heat transfer coefficients on the machine surface. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Milling machines

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