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8th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, RANLP 2011

作者： Klinger, Roman Department of Bioinformatics Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Schloss Birlinghoven 53754 Sankt Augustin Germany

Incorporating distant information via manually selected skip chain templates has been shown to be beneficial for the performance of conditional random field models in contrast to a simple linear chain based structure (Sutton and McCallum, 2007;Galley, 2006;Liu et al., 2010). The set of properties to be captured by a template is typically manually chosen with respect to the application domain. In this paper, a search strategy to find meaningful skip chains independent from the application domain is proposed. From a huge set of potentially beneficial templates, some can be shown to have a positive impact on the performance. The search for a meaningful graphical structure demonstrates the usefulness of the approach with an increase of nearly 2% F1 measure on a publicly available data set (Klinger et al., 2008).

关键词： Chains

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Preconditioning for efficiently applying algebraic multigrid in fully implicit reservoir simulations

Preconditioning for efficiently applying algebraic multigrid...

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SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium 2013

作者： Gries, Sebastian Stüben, Klaus Brown, Geoffrey L. Chen, Dingjun Collins, David A. Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI Germany Computer Modelling Group Ltd. Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781627480246

Fully implicit petroleum reservoir simulations result in huge, often very ill-conditioned linear systems of equations to solve for different unknowns, for example, pressure and saturations. It is well known that the full system matrix contains both hyperbolic as well as nearly elliptic sub-systems. Since the solution of the coupled system is mainly determined by the solution of their elliptic (typically pressure) components, (CPR-type) two-stage preconditioning methods still belong to the most popular approaches to tackle such coupled systems. After a suitable extraction and decoupling, the numerically most costly step in such two-stage methods consists in solving these elliptic sub-systems. It is known that algebraic multigrid (AMG) provides a technique to solve elliptic linear equations very efficiently. The main advantage of AMG-based solvers - their numerical scalability - makes them particularly efficient for solving huge linear systems. Depending on the application, the system's properties range from simple to highly indefinite. Unfortunately decoupling pressure and saturation related parts may introduce further difficulties. Consequently, in complex industrial simulations, the application of AMG to elliptic sub-systems might not be straightforward. In fact, an important goal in defining an efficient two-stage preconditioning strategy consists in extracting elliptic sub-systems that are suitable for an efficient AMG solution and, at the same time, ensure a fast overall convergence of the two-stage approach. The importance of this will be demonstrated for several industrial cases. In particular, some of these cases are very hard to solve by AMG if applied in a standard way. Preliminary results for a CPR-type coupling of SAMG to CMG's PARASOL, a variable degree variable ordering ILU preconditioner using FGMRES, are compared to using PARASOL by itself. Alternative preconditioning operators will be presented giving elliptic sub-systems which are not only more suit

关键词： Iterative methods

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撞车模拟的不稳定性分析(英文)

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工程数学学报 2002年第2期19卷 47-51,56页

作者：梅立泉 Thole C A. Fraunhofer-Institute of Algorithms and Scientific Computing D53754 St.Augustin Germany

众所周知 ,在并行机器上多次执行同一应用会产生不同的撞击数值模拟结果。为了研究这一问题 ,我们开发了一个工具 ,它可从PAM CRASH读取多个结果文件 ,计算各种统计量并可利用可视化工具产生这些量的输出以用于分析。

关键词：数值模拟软件稳定性分析撞车模拟并行机器撞击

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Nonlinear metamodeling and robust optimization in automotive design

Nonlinear metamodeling and robust optimization in automotive...

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作者： Clees, Tanja Nikitin, Igor Nikitina, Lialia Thole, Clemens-August Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Schloss Birlinghoven 53754 Sankt Augustin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789898425782

We overview the methods for nonlinear metamodeling of a simulation database featuring continuous exploration of simulation results, tolerance prediction, sensitivity analysis, robust multiobjective optimization and rapid interpolation of bulky FEM data. Large scatter of simulation results, in crash-test simulations caused for example by buckling, is still a challenging issue for increasing predictability of simulation and accuracy of optimization results. For industrially relevant simulations with large scatter, novel stochastic methods are introduced and their efficiency is demonstrated for benchmark cases.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Information extraction technologies for the life science industry

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Drug Discovery Today: Technologies 2005年第3期2卷 217-224页

作者： Fluck, Juliane Zimmermann, Marc Kurapkat, Günther Hofmann, Martin Fraunhofer-Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing 53754 Sankt Augustin Germany TEMIS Deutschland GmbH 69115 Heidelberg Kurfürstenanlage 3 Germany

Access to relevant information and knowledge is essential for all steps of the drug discovery process. However, keeping track of relevant information in publications and patents becomes a real challenge for scientists and managers in industrial research. Computer-aided information extraction (IE) systems have been developed to support the work of scientists by extracting relevant information from scientific publications and presenting it in an aggregated, condensed form. In this review, we will give an overview on current information extraction strategies in the life sciences with a special focus on biological entity recognition and more recent developments towards the identification and extraction of chemical compound names and structures. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Parameter Identification in Cyclic Voltammetry of Alkaline Methanol Oxidation 8

Parameter Identification in Cyclic Voltammetry of Alkaline M...

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8th International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications, SIMULTECH 2018

作者： Clees, Tanja Nikitin, Igor Nikitina, Lialia Pott, Sabine Krewer, Ulrike Haisch, Theresa Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Sankt Augustin Germany Institute of Energy and Process Systems Engineering Technical University Braunschweig Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789897583230

Alkaline methanol oxidation is an electrochemical process, perspective for the design of efficient high energy density fuel cells. The process involves a large number of elementary reactions, forming a complex reaction graph, and it is described by a system of non-linear differential equations of high order. The purpose of parameter identification is a reconstruction of reaction constants in this model on the basis of available experimental data. Cyclic voltammetry, a measurement of dynamical current-voltage characteristic of the cell, is especially suitable for analysis of electrochemical kinetics. In this paper we present several approaches for parameter identification in cyclic voltammetry of alkaline methanol oxidation. With the aid of global optimization methods and interactive parameter study we find four islands of solutions in parameter space, corresponding to different chemical mechanisms of the process. The main features of solutions are discussed and the reconstructed reaction constants are presented. Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS-Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved.

关键词： Differential equations

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Proposal of an achitecture for terminology management in a research project 30

Proposal of an achitecture for terminology management in a r...

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30th Medical Informatics Europe Conference, MIE 2020

作者： Mora, Sara Madan, Sumit Gebel, Stephan Giacomini, Mauro University of Genoa Italy Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI Department of Bioinformatics Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt Augustin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781643680828

Clinical and medical knowledge evolve and this causes changes in concepts and terms that describe them. The objective of this work is to formally present an ontology-based standard architecture that will be used in the scenario of neurodegeneration research to maintain terminologies and their relations updated and coherent over the time. The proposed structure is composed by three elements that will allow the user to do a list of operations on the terminology resources explicitly contemplated by the Common Terminology Service Release 2 (CTS2). © 2020 European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) and IOS Press.

关键词： Ontology

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Generalized Sparse Grid Interpolation Based on the Fast Discrete Fourier Transform 1

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5th Workshop on Sparse Grids and Applications, SGA 2018

作者： Griebel, Michael Hamaekers, Jan Institute for Numerical Simulation University of Bonn Bonn Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt Augustin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783030813628

ISBN: (纸本)9783030813611

In (Griebel and Hamaekers, Fast discrete Fourier transform on generalized sparse grids, Sparse grids and Applications, volume 97 of Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, pages 75–108, Springer, 2014), an algorithm for trigonometric interpolation involving only so-called standard information of multivariate functions on generalized sparse grids has been suggested and a study on its application for the interpolation of functions in periodic Sobolev spaces of dominating mixed smoothness has been presented. In this complementary paper, we now give a slight modification of the proofs, which yields an extension from the pairing (Hs,Hmixt) to the more general pairing (Hs,Hmixt,r) and which in addition results in an improved estimate for the interpolation error. The improved (constructive) upper bound is in particular consistent with the lower bound for sampling on regular sparse grids with r = 0 and s = 0 given in (Dũng, Acta Mathematica Vietnamica, 43(1):83–110, 2018;Dũng et al., Hyperbolic Cross Approximation, Advanced Courses in Mathematics - CRM Barcelona, Birkhäuser/Springer, 2018). © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Discrete Fourier transforms

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Fault Detection in Uni-Directional Tape Production Using Image Processing 25th

Fault Detection in Uni-Directional Tape Production Using Ima...

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25th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Workshops, ICPR 2020

作者： Devagekar, Somesh Delforouzi, Ahmad Plöger, Paul G. Department of Computer Science Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg Bonn Germany Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Fraunhofer SCAI Bonn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030687984

The quality of uni-directional tape in its production process is affected by environmental conditions like temperature and production speed. In this paper, computer vision algorithms on the scanned images are needed to be used in this context to detect and classify tape damages during the manufacturing procedure. We perform a comparative study among famous feature descriptors for fault candidate generation, then propose own features for fault detection. We investigate various machine learning techniques to find best model for the classification problem. The empirical results demonstrate the high performance of the proposed system and show preference of random forest and canny edges for classifier and feature generator respectively. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Feature extraction

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What was the Question? A Systematization of Information Retrieval and NLP Problems

What was the Question? A Systematization of Information Retr...

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Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems

作者： Jens Dorpinghaus Johannes Darms Marc Jacobs Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Schloss Birlinghoven

ISBN: (纸本)9781538623718

In this paper we suggest a novel systematization of Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing problems. Using this rather general description of problems we are able to discuss and proof the equivalence of some problems. We provide reformulations of well-known problems like Named Entity Recognition using our novel description and discuss further research and the expected outcome. We will discuss the relation of two problems, cluster labeling and search query finding. With these results we are able to provide a novel optimization approach to both problems. This novel systematization approach provides a yet unknown view generating new classes of problems in NLP. It brings application and algorithmic approaches together and offers a better description with concepts of theoretical computer science.

关键词： information retrieval Systematization Natural Language Processing NINL gene entity identification theoretical computer science New classes

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