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A Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network with Representation Self-challenge for Fingerprint Liveness Detection

computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 719-733页

作者： Jie Chen Chengsheng Yuan Chen Cui Zhihua Xia Xingming Sun Thangarajah Akilan School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Key Laboratory of Public Security Information Application Based on Big-Data Architecture Ministry of Public SecurityZhejiang Police CollegeHangzhou310053China Jiangsu Yuchi Blockchain Research Institute Nanjing210044China Department of Software Engineering Lakehead UniversityThunder BayON P7B 5E1Canada

Fingerprint identification systems have been widely deployed in many occasions of our daily ***,together with many advantages,they are still vulnerable to the presentation attack(PA)by some counterfeit *** address challenges from PA,fingerprint liveness detection(FLD)technology has been proposed and gradually attracted people’s *** vast majority of the FLD methods directly employ convolutional neural network(CNN),and rarely pay attention to the problem of overparameterization and over-fitting of models,resulting in large calculation force of model deployment and poor model *** at filling this gap,this paper designs a lightweight multi-scale convolutional neural network method,and further proposes a novel hybrid spatial pyramid pooling block to extract abundant features,so that the number of model parameters is greatly reduced,and support multi-scale true/fake fingerprint ***,the representation self-challenge(RSC)method is used to train the model,and the attention mechanism is also adopted for optimization during execution,which alleviates the problem of model over-fitting and enhances generalization of detection ***,experimental results on two publicly benchmarks:LivDet2011 and LivDet2013 sets,show that our method achieves outstanding detection results for blind materials and *** size of the model parameters is only 548 KB,and the average detection error of cross-sensors and cross-materials are 15.22 and 1 respectively,reaching the highest level currently available.

关键词： FLD lightweight multi-scale RSC blind materials

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Discrepancies of remote techno-tolerance due to COVID-19 pandemic within Arab middle-east countries

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Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Engineering and architecture 2023年第3期14卷 151-165页

作者： Abu-Hashem, Muhannad A. Gutub, Adnan Salem, Osama Shambour, Mohd Khaled Shambour, Qusai Shehab, Mohammad Izzat, Ahmad Alrawashdeh, Mufda J. Department of Geomatics Architecture and Planning Faculty King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department College of Computer and Information Systems Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Educational Technology and E-Learning Department College of Education Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Institute for Hajj and Umrah Research Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department Faculty of IT Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan Artificial Intelligence & Software Engineering Departments Faculty of Information Technology Aqaba University of Technology Aqaba Jordan Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Israa University Gaza Palestine Department of Mathematics College of Sciences and Arts Qassim University Al-Ras Saudi Arabia

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) changed the world’s lifestyle switching many techno-services to be provided remotely instead of direct usual physical interactions between people. This study focused on university students’ perceptions of this virtual technology-engineering change as discrepancies to be analyzed. The research surveyed 777 different students from four Arab middle-east neighboring countries, with related demographics and specifications, expressing full remarkable experiences of e-technology in virtual as well as traditional performances helping reveal overall tolerance possibilities. The study adopted examination technology via ANOVA to test discrepancies within students' perceptions for overall multi-factors deep analysis classification. The exploration highlighted an interesting range of pros and cons remarks including feminism and economic effect as well as other cultural and engineering interaction issues, raising signals to essentially consider and mutually benefit from adequate future generation e-techno adaptation within the region. © The Author(s) 2023.

关键词： ANOVA COVID-19 E-techno Students’ perceptions Traditional and virtual classes

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AutoQNN: An End-to-End Framework for Automatically Quantizing Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Gong, Cheng Lu, Ye Dai, Surong Qian, Deng Du, Chenkun Li, Tao College of Software Nankai University Tianjin300350 China College of Computer Science Nankai University Tianjin300350 China State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Exploring the expected quantizing scheme with suitable mixed-precision policy is the key point to compress deep neural networks (DNNs) in high efficiency and accuracy. This exploration implies heavy workloads for domain experts, and an automatic compression method is needed. However, the huge search space of the automatic method introduces plenty of computing budgets that make the automatic process challenging to be applied in real scenarios. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end framework named AutoQNN, for automatically quantizing different layers utilizing different schemes and bitwidths without any human labor. AutoQNN can seek desirable quantizing schemes and mixed-precision policies for mainstream DNN models efficiently by involving three techniques: quantizing scheme search (QSS), quantizing precision learning (QPL), and quantized architecture generation (QAG). QSS introduces five quantizing schemes and defines three new schemes as a candidate set for scheme search, and then uses the differentiable neural architecture search (DNAS) algorithm to seek the layer- or model-desired scheme from the set. QPL is the first method to learn mixed-precision policies by reparameterizing the bitwidths of quantizing schemes, to the best of our knowledge. QPL optimizes both classification loss and precision loss of DNNs efficiently and obtains the relatively optimal mixed-precision model within limited model size and memory footprint. QAG is designed to convert arbitrary architectures into corresponding quantized ones without manual intervention, to facilitate end-to-end neural network quantization. We have implemented AutoQNN and integrated it into Keras. Extensive experiments demonstrate that AutoQNN can consistently outperform state-of-the-art quantization. For 2-bit weight and activation of AlexNet and ResNet18, AutoQNN can achieve the accuracy results of 59.75% and 68.86%, respectively, and obtain accuracy improvements by up to 1.65% and 1.74%, respectively, compared

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Low-power emerging memristive designs towards secure hardware systems for applications in internet of things

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Nano Materials Science 2021年第2期3卷 186-204页

作者： Nan Du Heidemarie Schmidt Ilia Polian Department Nano Device Technology Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano SystemsTechnologie-Campus 309126ChemnitzGermany Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Chemnitz University of Technology(TU Chemnitz)Straße der Nationen 6209126ChemnitzGermany Department of Quantum Detection Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology(IPHT)Albert-Einstein-Str.907745JenaGermany Institute for Solid State Physics Friedrich Schiller University JenaFürstengraben 107743JenaGermany Institute of Computer Engineering and Computer Architecture(ITI) University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 4770569StuttgartGermany

Emerging memristive devices offer enormous advantages for applications such as non-volatile memories and inmemory computing(IMC),but there is a rising interest in using memristive technologies for security applications in the era of internet of things(IoT).In this review article,for achieving secure hardware systems in IoT,lowpower design techniques based on emerging memristive technology for hardware security primitives/systems are *** reviewing the state-of-the-art in three highlighted memristive application areas,*** non-volatile memory,memristive reconfigurable logic computing and memristive artificial intelligent computing,their application-level impacts on the novel implementations of secret key generation,crypto functions and machine learning attacks are explored,*** the low-power security applications in IoT,it is essential to understand how to best realize cryptographic circuitry using memristive circuitries,and to assess the implications of memristive crypto implementations on security and to develop novel computing paradigms that will enhance their *** review article aims to help researchers to explore security solutions,to analyze new possible threats and to develop corresponding protections for the secure hardware systems based on low-cost memristive circuit designs.

关键词： Memristive technology Nanoelectronic device Low-power consumption Miniaturization Nonvolatility Reconfigurability In memory computing Artificial intelligence Hardware security primitives Machine learning-related attacks and defenses

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TileSpMSpV: A Tiled Algorithm for Sparse Matrix-Sparse Vector Multiplication on GPUs 22

TileSpMSpV: A Tiled Algorithm for Sparse Matrix-Sparse Vecto...

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Proceedings of the 51st International Conference on Parallel Processing

作者： Haonan Ji Huimin Song Shibo Lu Zhou Jin Guangming Tan Weifeng Liu Super Scientific Software Laboratory China University of Petroleum-Beijing China China Northeastern University United States of America State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450397339

Sparse matrix-sparse vector multiplication (SpMSpV) is an important primitive for graph algorithms and machine learning applications. The sparsity of the input and output vectors makes its floating point efficiency in general lower than sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) and sparse matrix-matrix multiplication (SpGEMM). Existing parallel SpMSpV methods focused on various row- and column-wise storage formats and merging operations. However, the data locality and sparsity pattern of the input matrix and vector are largely ignored. We in this paper propose TileSpMSpV, a tiled algorithm for accelerating SpMSpV on GPUs. Firstly, tile-wise storage structures are developed for fast positioning a group of nonzeros in matrix and vectors. Then, we develop the TileSpMSpV algorithm on top of the storage structures. In addition, to accelerate directional optimization breadth-first search (BFS) by using TileSpMSpV, we propose a TileBFS algorithm including three kernels called Push-CSC, Push-CSR and Pull-CSC. In the experiments running on a high-end NVIDIA GPU and using 2757 sparse matrices, the TileSpMSpV algorithm outperforms TileSpMV, cuSPARSE and CombBLAS by a factor of on average 1.83, 17.18 and 17.20 (up to 7.68, 1050.02 and 235.90), respectively. Moreover, our TileBFS algorithm outperforms Gunrock and GSwitch by a factor of on average 2.88 and 4.52 (up to 21.35 and 1000.85), respectively.

关键词： GPU Sparse matrix BFS Tiling SpMSpV

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Performance Evaluation of Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques in Insulation Problem 8

Performance Evaluation of Metaheuristic Optimization Techniq...

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8th International Conference on Information technology Trends, ITT 2022

作者： Gunal, Ozen Akpinar, Mustafa Akpinar, Kevser Ovaz Turgutlu Vocational School Manisa Celal Bayar University Department of Computer Programming Manisa Turkey Sakarya University Department of Software Engineering Sakarya Turkey School of Engineering Architecture and Interior Design Amity University Dubai Dubai United Arab Emirates Rochester Institute of Technology Department of Computing Security Dubai United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (数字)9781665487429

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487412

Selection of insulation material and determination of its thickness are the two most important parameters that prevent heat loss. Too much thickness complicates the price and use. The low coefficient of thermal conductivity of the insulation material reduces heat loss and increases the cost. One of the most important factors when determining the material thickness and conductivity coefficient is the price. In this study, two cases were examined under certain conditions, independent of the price. In the first case, the insulation material is determined, whereas the material thickness is determined in the second case. Six different current metaheuristic algorithms were used to calculate the two cases. It has been observed that harris hawks optimization (HHO), salp swarm optimization (SSO), and whale optimization (WO) algorithms determine the global optimum point without any error in determining the targets of the problem while the processing times were short. Overall, it has been seen that all six algorithms can create solutions to heat transfer problems with very low errors. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization

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Multi-Unit Floor Plan Recognition and Reconstruction Using Improved Semantic Segmentation of Raster-Wise Floor Plans

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kratochvila, Lukas de Jong, Gijs Arkesteijn, Monique Bilík, Šimon Zemčík, Tomáš Horak, Karel Rellermeyer, Jan S. Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic Department of Software Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science TU Delft Delft Netherlands Department of Management in the Built Environment Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment TU Delft Delft Netherlands Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computational Engineering Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT Lappeenranta Finland Dependable and Scalable Software Systems Institute of Systems Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany

Digital twins have a major potential to form a significant part of urban management in emergency planning, as they allow more efficient designing of the escape routes, better orientation in exceptional situations, and faster rescue intervention. Nevertheless, creating the twins still remains a largely manual effort, due to a lack of 3D-representations, which are available only in limited amounts for some new buildings. Thus, in this paper we aim to synthesize 3D information from commonly available 2D architectural floor plans. We propose two novel pixel-wise segmentation methods based on the MDA-Unet and MACU-Net architectures with improved skip connections, an attention mechanism, and a training objective together with a reconstruction part of the pipeline, which vectorizes the segmented plans to create a 3D model. The proposed methods are compared with two other state-of-the-art techniques and several benchmark datasets. On the commonly used CubiCasa benchmark dataset, our methods have achieved the mean F1 score of 0.86 over five examined classes, outperforming the other pixel-wise approaches tested. We have also made our code publicly available to support research in the field. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Dynamic inference in probabilistic graphical models 12

Dynamic inference in probabilistic graphical models

引用

12th Innovations in Theoretical computer Science Conference, ITCS 2021

作者： Feng, Weiming He, Kun Sun, Xiaoming Yin, Yitong State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University China Shenzhen University China Shenzhen Institute of Computing Sciences China State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783959771771

Probabilistic graphical models, such as Markov random fields (MRFs), are useful for describing high-dimensional distributions in terms of local dependence structures. The probabilistic inference is a fundamental problem related to graphical models, and sampling is a main approach for the problem. In this paper, we study probabilistic inference problems when the graphical model itself is changing dynamically with time. Such dynamic inference problems arise naturally in today’s application, e.g. multivariate time-series data analysis and practical learning procedures. We give a dynamic algorithm for sampling-based probabilistic inferences in MRFs, where each dynamic update can change the underlying graph and all parameters of the MRF simultaneously, as long as the total amount of changes is bounded. More precisely, suppose that the MRF has n variables and polylogarithmic-bounded maximum degree, and N(n) independent samples are sufficient for the inference for a polynomial function N(·). Our algorithm dynamically maintains an answer to the inference problem using Oe(nN(n)) space cost, and Oe(N(n) + n) incremental time cost upon each update to the MRF, as long as the Dobrushin-Shlosman condition is satisfied by the MRFs. This well-known condition has long been used for guaranteeing the efficiency of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling in the traditional static setting. Compared to the static case, which requires Ω(nN(n)) time cost for redrawing all N(n) samples whenever the MRF changes, our dynamic algorithm gives a Ω(min e {n, N(n)})-factor speedup. Our approach relies on a novel dynamic sampling technique, which transforms local Markov chains (a.k.a. single-site dynamics) to dynamic sampling algorithms, and an "algorithmic Lipschitz" condition that we establish for sampling from graphical models, namely, when the MRF changes by a small difference, samples can be modified to reflect the new distribution, with cost proportional to the difference on MRF. © Weiming F

关键词： Sampling

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Innovative Approaches in Network architecture: Enhancing Connectivity and Performance in the Era of 5G and Beyond

Innovative Approaches in Network Architecture: Enhancing Con...

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Sustainable Communication Networks and Application (ICSCNA), International Conference on

作者： Sunita Pachar Satti Sudha Mohan Reddy Lakshmi Narasimhan Srinivasagopalan Balla Mounica B Srinivasa Rao Sivakoteswararao Katta IBM Department GLA University Department of ECE SRKR Engineering College India Software Development Enterprise Architecture Plano TX USA Computer Science and Engineering (AI&ML) Vignan Institute of Technology and Science Hyderabad Ace Engineering College Hyderabad Department of Mechanical KIETW Kakinada

ISBN: (数字)9798331530013

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530020

This research study examines the evolving ecosystem of network applications for enhancing connectivity and performance in 5G and beyond (B5G) networks. The objective is to streamline large-scale deployment of vertical applications through a middleware layer, facilitating interactions among network operators and third parties based on varying trust levels. The proposed model addresses the complexity and computational demands of enabling adaptable, secure, and scalable applications for diverse 5G platforms. In particular, this study highlights the 5G-EPICENTRE project, which enables traffic management and dynamic control, especially for missioncritical Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) applications. By optimizing resource allocation, the model reduces computational costs while meeting the unique demands of PPDR services, such as high-quality video and data for emergency operations. The model's effectiveness will be evaluated through experiments leveraging 5G Core (5GC) control-plane capabilities, with a focus on quality of service (QoS) and latency. Practical limitations, including the integration challenges of multi-network APIs, are discussed in the conclusion.

关键词： Adaptation models 5G mobile communication Computational modeling Scalability Ecosystems Quality of service Telecommunications Complexity theory Resource management Protection

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A Toolbox of Feminist Wonder: Theories and methods that can make a difference 26

A Toolbox of Feminist Wonder: Theories and methods that can ...

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26th ACM Conference on computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, CSCW 2023

作者： Hansson, Karin Bardzell, Shaowen Bhandari, Aparajita Boulicault, Marion Doyle, Dylan Thomas Erete, Sheena Cerratto Pargman, Teresa Lazem, Shaimaa Muller, Michael Normark, Maria Petterson, Adrian Rosén, Anton Poikolainen Taylor, Alex S. Thomas, Jakita O. Watson, Julia Södertörn University The School of Natural Sciences Technology and Environmental Studies Sweden Georgia Institute of Technology The School of Interactive Computing United States Cornell University Department of Communication United States University of Edinburgh Department of Philosophy United States University of Colorado Boulder Department of Information Science United States University of Maryland College of Information United States Stockholm University The Department of Computer and Systems Sciences Sweden City for Scientific Research and Technological Applications The Informatics Research Institute Egypt Ibm Research Human Centered Ai United States Uppsala University Department of Informatics and Media Sweden University of Toronto Faculty of Information Canada Aalto University The School of Arts Design and Architecture Finland City University of London The Centre for Human Computer Interaction Design United Kingdom Auburn University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United States University of Toronto Department of Computer Science Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798400701290

This one-day hybrid workshop builds on previous feminist CSCW workshops to explore feminist theoretical and methodological approaches that have provided us with useful tools to see things differently and make space for change. Since its inception over a decade ago, feminist HCI has progressed from the margins to mainstream HCI, with numerous references in the literature. Feminist HCI has also evolved to incorporate other critical HCI practices such as Queer HCI, participatory design, and speculative design. While feminist approaches have grown in popularity and become mainstream, it is getting more difficult to distinguish the feminist emancipatory core from other attempts of developing and improving society in various ways. In this workshop, we therefore want to revisit our feminist roots, where theory is a liberatory and creative practice, motivated by affect, curiosity, and wonder. From this standpoint, we consider which of our feminist tools can make a significant difference today, in a highly datafied world. The goal of this workshop is to;1) create an inventory of feminist theories and concepts that have had an impact on our work as designers, educators, researchers, and activists;2) develop a feminist toolbox for the CSCW community to strengthen our feminist literacy. © 2023 Owner/Author.

关键词： Computation theory

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