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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Alperen Can Jessica Fisch Philipp Stephan Gregor Thiele Jörg Krüger Mercedes-Benz AG Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany Industrial Automation Technology Group Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728154145

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154152

Optimizing the energy efficiency of machine tools automatically is promising. There are several metrics to be considered when it comes to automated optimization approaches in serial production which are especially quality, technical availability, and cycle time. These are not supposed to be impaired whereas they are indicated as a central obstacle. The measurements and the machine data show the actions happening in the machine which also leads to the data-driven traceability of machine states. This article presents a method to formulate the necessary expert knowledge to optimize the energy efficiency of a machine tool and is basically done by a decision tree which leads to a set of rules which will be explained in this article. This set of rules coordinate an optimization algorithm, which technically manipulates selected variables under the given rules. The development and is a result of a research which was done at the serial production of camshafts at the MB plant in Berlin.

关键词： Optimization Machine tools production systems Monitoring Process control Tools Data analysis

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Die-sinking EDM of a SiC-boride-composite 19

Die-sinking EDM of a SiC-boride-composite

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19th International Conference of the European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2019

作者： Uhlmann, E. Polte, J. Jahnke, C. Wolf, C.-S. Degenhardt, U. Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Germany Institute for Machine Tools Factory Management IWF Technische Universität Berlin Germany FCT Ingenieurkeramik GmbH Frankenblick Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780995775145

Silicon carbide-based composites are highly demanded for industrial applications, like heat exchangers in corrosive environments. In consequence of the mechanical properties like high hardness H and brittleness, cutting processes are still challenging. An opportunity for processing difficult-to-cut materials with sufficient electrical conductivity σ is electrical discharge machining (EDM). In order to develop suitable machining technologies, known parameters for common material combinations can serve as a starting point. Hence, standard technologies from the database of a commercial die-sinking EDM machine tool were applied for machining a silicon carbide-boride-composite. The material removal rate QW and the arithmetical mean deviation Ra for finishing and roughing operations are observed. The formation of cracks and the extend of the typical deposition layer formed at the surface of the workpiece is analysed through scanning electron microscopy. While the material removal rate QW is increasing with higher discharge energies W in this investigation, the arithmetical mean deviation Ra is not dependent on this property. Furthermore, spalling is identified as main material removal mechanism occurring in this process. Overall, the machinability of silicon carbide-boride composites with EDM, applying commercial available parameter technologies, is successfully demonstrated. © 2019 European Society for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, Conference Proceedings - 19th International Conference and Exhibition, EUSPEN 2019. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy

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Registration of pre- and postoperative surface scans for pediatric neurosurgery

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Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2018年第1期4卷 657-660页

作者： Katanacho, Manuel Lack, John-Certus Fehlhaber, Felix Krüger, Jörg Fraunhofer Institute Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstrasse 8 - 9 Berlin Germany

A software for automatic registration and differential visualization of pre- and postoperative surface scans for use in pediatric neurosurgery is developed and implemented. The core operations of the registration include an automatic head extraction, a rough registration by aligning the main axes, a depth map-based registration for robust determination and registration of feature points in the facial area, and a fine registration. A graphical user interface is implemented for the difference visualization and program control. © 2018 Manuel Katanacho et al.

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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Dry-ED milling of micro-scale contours with high-speed rotating tungsten tube electrodes

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 95卷 533-538页

作者： E. Uhlmann I. Perfilov S. Yabroudi R. Mevert M. Polte Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management IWF Technische Universität Berlin Pascalstr. 8-9 Berlin 10587 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 Berlin 10587 Germany

This paper presents machining results for dry-ED milling of micro-scale contours by use of a new machine tool, including a relaxation generator, designed for dry-EDM. To implement the dry-ED milling process tungsten tube electrodes were used. The gas is injected through the tubular tool electrode under high pressure. Additionally, a high-speed EDM spindle was used to overcome process instabilities and increase the material removal rate due to better flushing conditions. Further, fluid simulations of the flushing conditions are presented in this paper. It is found that the use of gaseous dielectrics enables much better machining results in terms of shape accuracy and tool wear. The simulations provide new insights in the flushing conditions when using gaseous dielectrics. The calculated fluid flow pattern shows a great agreement with the observed depositions of reattached molten material on the tool and workpiece surface. The results presented as well as the hardware introduced enable the industrial application of dry-EDM for the first time.

关键词： EDM Dry-EDM ED milling CFD flushing

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system identification of a hysteresis-controlled pump system using SINDy

System identification of a hysteresis-controlled pump system...

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International Conference on system Theory, Control, and Computing (ICSTCC)

作者： Gregor Thiele Arne Fey David Sommer Jörg Krüger Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Berlin Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728198095

ISBN: (纸本)9781728198101

Hysteresis-controlled devices are widely used in industrial applications. For example, cooling devices usually contain a two-point controller, resulting in a nonlinear hybrid system with two discrete states. Dynamic models of systems are essential for optimizing such industrial supply technology. However, conventional system identification approaches can hardly handle hysteresis-controlled devices. Thus, the new identification method Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy) is extended to consider hybrid systems. SINDy composes models from basis functions out of a customized library in a data-driven manner. For modeling systems that behave dependent on their own past as in the case of natural hysteresis, Ferenc Preisach introduced the relay hysteron as an elementary mathematical description. In this new method (SINDyHybrid), tailored basis functions in form of relay hysterons are added to the library which is used by SINDy. Experiments with a hysteresis controlled water basin show that this approach correctly identifies state transitions of hybrid systems and also succeeds in modeling the dynamics of the discrete system states. A novel proximity hysteron achieves the robustness of this method. The impacts of the sampling rate and the signal noise ratio of the measurement data are examined accordingly.

关键词： Autoregressive processes Magnetic hysteresis Biological system modeling Nonlinear dynamical systems Hysteresis Relays Data models

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Laser surface hardening of engine camshaft cams

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 30卷 478-482页

作者： Irena Lasota Vladimir Protsenko Alexey Matyushkin Mikhail Kuznetsov Sergey Gook Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University St. Petersburg Russian Federation St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University St. Petersburg Russian Federation RWS GmbH D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production System and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany

The publication describes research into the laser hardening process of the camshaft cams surface. Samples of camshaft cams made of structural bearing steel were hardened using a powerful fiber laser LS-15. The effect of altering the laser surface hardening process parameters on the microstructure and microhardness of the surface was investigated. Also, the influence of low-temperature tempering after laser surface hardening was shown.

关键词： Laser surface hardening Metal treatment Microstructure Microhardness Camshaft

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Laser welding of Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy layer-by-layer products

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 30卷 473-477页

作者： Alexander Voropaev Maxim Stramko Alexander Sorokin Ivan Logachev Mikhail Kuznetsov Sergey Gook St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University St. Petersburg Russian Federation Joint Stock Company «Kompozit» Russian Federation Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University St. Petersburg Russian Federation Fraunhofer Institute for Production System and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany

This article describes the results of the study of optimal conditions for welding alloy products - Inconel 718, made with the method of layered laser growing (SLM). The results of the study of the influence of linear energy, rigid fixation of parts during welding and heat treatment on microhardness, welding deformation and the microstructure of the welded joint are presented.

关键词： Laser welding Inconel 718 SLM Heat-treatment Microstructure

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production in the loop – the interoperability of digital twins of the product and the production system

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 99卷 561-566页

作者： Anna Vogt Philipp Heiner Schmidt Sebastian Mayer Rainer Stark Audi AG Auto-Union-Str. 1 85045 Ingolstadt Germany Technical University of Berlin Chair Industrial Information Technology Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Volkswagen AG Berliner Ring 2 38436 Wolfsburg Germany Technical University of Kaiserslautern Institute for Virtual Product Engineering Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 44 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Institute for Innovative Mobility Esplanade 10 85049 Ingolstadt Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

The Internet of Things (IoT) era facilitates new possibilities at the interface between the lifecycle of the product and the manufacturing disciplines allowing to add value and meet growing legal requirements. This work presents use cases from the automobile industry which are analyzed in order to derive requirements for data exchange. The analysis of the use cases shows clearly that we need to focus on the instance level for this purpose. This means that both, a specific unit of the product and the production system, must be considered. As a solution approach, a communication loop is proposed bringing the Digital Twin concept in a new field of usage. The key aspect of the proposed solution is the direct intercommunication between the Digital Twins of the product being produced as a Cyber-Physical system (CPS) and the production resources as Cyber-Physical production systems (CPPS). This solution enables the aggregation of production-related data within the products Digital Twin and therefore promotes maximal transparency throughout engineering disciplines, phases of the product lifecycle and the whole supply chain.

关键词： Digital twin Digital shadow Digital twin lifecycle Cyber-physical system Intelligent production systems Smart production

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Enterprise Interoperability VII: Enterprise Interoperability in the Digitized and Networked Factory of the Future

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2018年

作者： Kai Mertins Ricardo Jardim-Gonalves Keith Popplewell Joo P Mendona

ISBN: (纸本)9783319809281

A concise reference to the state of the art in systems interoperability, Enterprise Interoperability VII will be of great value to engineers and computer scientists working in manufacturing and other process industries and to software engineers and electronic and manufacturing engineers working in the academic environment. Furthermore, it shows how knowledge of the meaning within information and the use to which it will be put have to be held in common between enterprises for consistent and efficient inter-enterprise networks. Over 30 papers, ranging from academic research through case studies to industrial and administrative experience of interoperability show how, in a scenario of globalised markets, where the capacity to cooperate with other organizations efficiently is essential in order to remain economically, socially and environmentally cost-effective, the most innovative digitized and networkedenterprises ensure that their systems and applications are able to interoperate across heterogeneous collaborative networks of independent organizations. This goal of interoperability is essential, not only from the perspective of the individual enterprise but also in the business structures that are now emerging, such as complex collaborating networks of suppliers and customers, virtual enterprises, interconnected organisations or extended enterprises, as well as in mergers and acquisitions. Establishing efficient and relevant collaborative situations requires the management of interoperability from a dynamic point of view: a relevant and efficient collaboration of organizations may require adaptation to remain in line with changing objectives, evolving resources, unexpected events, etc. Many of the papers contained in this, the eighth volume of Proceedings of the I-ESA Conferences have examples and illustrations calculated to deepen understanding and generate new ideas. The I-ESA16 Conference from which this book is drawn was organized by the Escola de Engenharia da

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Notch impact toughness of laser beam welded thick sheets of cryogenic nickel alloyed steel X8Ni9 11

Notch impact toughness of laser beam welded thick sheets of ...

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11th CIRP Conference on Photonic Technologies, LANE 2020

作者： Gook, S. Krieger, S. Gumenyuk, A. El-Batahgy, A.M. Rethmeier, M. Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing BAM Unter den Eichen 87 Berlin12205 Germany Central Metallurgical R and D Institute CMRDI P. O. Box: 87 Helwan El-Tabbin Cairo Egypt Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Fabrikbetrieb IWF Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 Berlin10623 Germany

The paper deals with the investigations of the impact toughness of laser beam welded 14.5 mm thick sheets made of cryogenic steel X8Ni9 as a function of preheating. This 9% nickel alloyed steel is widely used in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry. An application of highly efficient welding processes such as high-power laser beam welding (LBW) in LNG sector requires an understanding of the interactions between the LBW process parameters and weld properties, in particular the impact toughness. The results show that the original fine-grained martensitic microstructure of the base metal (BM) is significantly changed by melting and crystallization during the LBW, what can lead to a decrease in the impact toughness of the weld metal (WM) below the required level. An optimal preheating temperature range leads to the favorable thermal welding cycle and is of remarkable importance for maintaining the notch impact toughness of laser beam welded joints of these thick steel sheets. A parameter window was identified in which V-notch impact toughness comparable to that of the BM at -196 °C was achieved. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Microstructure

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