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Registration of pre- and postoperative surface scans for pediatric neurosurgery

Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2018年第1期4卷 657-660页

作者： Katanacho, Manuel Lack, John-Certus Fehlhaber, Felix Krüger, Jörg Fraunhofer Institute Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstrasse 8 - 9 Berlin Germany

A software for automatic registration and differential visualization of pre- and postoperative surface scans for use in pediatric neurosurgery is developed and implemented. The core operations of the registration include an automatic head extraction, a rough registration by aligning the main axes, a depth map-based registration for robust determination and registration of feature points in the facial area, and a fine registration. A graphical user interface is implemented for the difference visualization and program control. © 2018 Manuel Katanacho et al.

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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System identification of a hysteresis-controlled pump system using SINDy

System identification of a hysteresis-controlled pump system...

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International Conference on System Theory, Control, and Computing (ICSTCC)

作者： Gregor Thiele Arne Fey David Sommer Jörg Krüger Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics Berlin Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Factory Management Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728198095

ISBN: (纸本)9781728198101

Hysteresis-controlled devices are widely used in industrial applications. For example, cooling devices usually contain a two-point controller, resulting in a nonlinear hybrid system with two discrete states. Dynamic models of systems are essential for optimizing such industrial supply technology. However, conventional system identification approaches can hardly handle hysteresis-controlled devices. Thus, the new identification method Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy) is extended to consider hybrid systems. SINDy composes models from basis functions out of a customized library in a data-driven manner. For modeling systems that behave dependent on their own past as in the case of natural hysteresis, Ferenc Preisach introduced the relay hysteron as an elementary mathematical description. In this new method (SINDyHybrid), tailored basis functions in form of relay hysterons are added to the library which is used by SINDy. Experiments with a hysteresis controlled water basin show that this approach correctly identifies state transitions of hybrid systems and also succeeds in modeling the dynamics of the discrete system states. A novel proximity hysteron achieves the robustness of this method. The impacts of the sampling rate and the signal noise ratio of the measurement data are examined accordingly.

关键词： Autoregressive processes Magnetic hysteresis Biological system modeling Nonlinear dynamical systems Hysteresis Relays Data models

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Production in the loop – the interoperability of digital twins of the product and the production system

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 99卷 561-566页

作者： Anna Vogt Philipp Heiner Schmidt Sebastian Mayer Rainer Stark Audi AG Auto-Union-Str. 1 85045 Ingolstadt Germany Technical University of Berlin Chair Industrial Information Technology Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Volkswagen AG Berliner Ring 2 38436 Wolfsburg Germany Technical University of Kaiserslautern Institute for Virtual Product Engineering Gottlieb-Daimler-Straße 44 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Institute for Innovative Mobility Esplanade 10 85049 Ingolstadt Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

The Internet of Things (IoT) era facilitates new possibilities at the interface between the lifecycle of the product and the manufacturing disciplines allowing to add value and meet growing legal requirements. This work presents use cases from the automobile industry which are analyzed in order to derive requirements for data exchange. The analysis of the use cases shows clearly that we need to focus on the instance level for this purpose. This means that both, a specific unit of the product and the production system, must be considered. As a solution approach, a communication loop is proposed bringing the Digital Twin concept in a new field of usage. The key aspect of the proposed solution is the direct intercommunication between the Digital Twins of the product being produced as a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) and the production resources as Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS). This solution enables the aggregation of production-related data within the products Digital Twin and therefore promotes maximal transparency throughout engineering disciplines, phases of the product lifecycle and the whole supply chain.

关键词： Digital twin Digital shadow Digital twin lifecycle Cyber-physical system Intelligent production systems Smart production

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Notch impact toughness of laser beam welded thick sheets of cryogenic nickel alloyed steel X8Ni9 11

Notch impact toughness of laser beam welded thick sheets of ...

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11th CIRP Conference on Photonic Technologies, LANE 2020

作者： Gook, S. Krieger, S. Gumenyuk, A. El-Batahgy, A.M. Rethmeier, M. Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing BAM Unter den Eichen 87 Berlin12205 Germany Central Metallurgical R and D Institute CMRDI P. O. Box: 87 Helwan El-Tabbin Cairo Egypt Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen und Fabrikbetrieb IWF Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 Berlin10623 Germany

The paper deals with the investigations of the impact toughness of laser beam welded 14.5 mm thick sheets made of cryogenic steel X8Ni9 as a function of preheating. This 9% nickel alloyed steel is widely used in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) industry. An application of highly efficient welding processes such as high-power laser beam welding (LBW) in LNG sector requires an understanding of the interactions between the LBW process parameters and weld properties, in particular the impact toughness. The results show that the original fine-grained martensitic microstructure of the base metal (BM) is significantly changed by melting and crystallization during the LBW, what can lead to a decrease in the impact toughness of the weld metal (WM) below the required level. An optimal preheating temperature range leads to the favorable thermal welding cycle and is of remarkable importance for maintaining the notch impact toughness of laser beam welded joints of these thick steel sheets. A parameter window was identified in which V-notch impact toughness comparable to that of the BM at -196 °C was achieved. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Microstructure

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Enterprise Interoperability VII: Enterprise Interoperability in the Digitized and Networked Factory of the Future

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2018年

作者： Kai Mertins Ricardo Jardim-Gonalves Keith Popplewell Joo P Mendona

ISBN: (纸本)9783319809281

A concise reference to the state of the art in systems interoperability, Enterprise Interoperability VII will be of great value to engineers and computer scientists working in manufacturing and other process industries and to software engineers and electronic and manufacturing engineers working in the academic environment. Furthermore, it shows how knowledge of the meaning within information and the use to which it will be put have to be held in common between enterprises for consistent and efficient inter-enterprise networks. Over 30 papers, ranging from academic research through case studies to industrial and administrative experience of interoperability show how, in a scenario of globalised markets, where the capacity to cooperate with other organizations efficiently is essential in order to remain economically, socially and environmentally cost-effective, the most innovative digitized and networkedenterprises ensure that their systems and applications are able to interoperate across heterogeneous collaborative networks of independent organizations. This goal of interoperability is essential, not only from the perspective of the individual enterprise but also in the business structures that are now emerging, such as complex collaborating networks of suppliers and customers, virtual enterprises, interconnected organisations or extended enterprises, as well as in mergers and acquisitions. Establishing efficient and relevant collaborative situations requires the management of interoperability from a dynamic point of view: a relevant and efficient collaboration of organizations may require adaptation to remain in line with changing objectives, evolving resources, unexpected events, etc. Many of the papers contained in this, the eighth volume of Proceedings of the I-ESA Conferences have examples and illustrations calculated to deepen understanding and generate new ideas. The I-ESA16 Conference from which this book is drawn was organized by the Escola de Engenharia da

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Registration of pre- and postoperative surface scans for pediatric neurosurgery

Registration of pre- and postoperative surface scans for ped...

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作者： Katanacho, Manuel Lack, John-Certus Fehlhaber, Felix Krüger, Jörg Fraunhofer Institute Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstrasse 8 - 9 Berlin Germany

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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4 th Industrial Revolution design Through Lean Foundation

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 91卷 306-311页

作者： Nathaniel Davis Aziz Companiwala Bernd Muschard Natalie Petrusch M.Sc Student Technische Universität Berlin Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Technische Universität Berlin Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology (IPK) Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

Industry 4.0 was introduced with the hope of transitioning to the next industrial revolution. I4.0 is a vision of increasing flexibility and efficiency within a system of low complexity. Despite this intention, Industry 4.0 has required users to understand complex information and communication systems, limiting usability and therefore not necessarily satisfying the original vision. However, application of principles from the Lean Production Systems originally developed in the 1930’s in combination with Industry 4.0, may help to reach its desired goals. Through a literature review, this paper discusses the current state of art of Industry 4.0 and some Lean Production Systems principles. The paper focuses on a model combining Lean Production Systems with Industry 4.0, that was created in response to the shortcomings of the anticipated industrial revolution. With a Lean Production System as a foundation, the six design principles of I4.0 of interoperability, virtualization, decentralization, real-time capability, service orientation, and modularity can be better implemented to reach the vision of highly flexible and low complexity systems. In return, horizontal and vertical integration within Industry 4.0 can support and accelerate Lean principles by reducing human error and increasing intercommunications between the systems, resulting in a productive integration. The specific principles of Lean that could boost Industry 4.0 will be discussed, demonstrating why a company should be Lean, meaning value adding processes and stakeholder orientation are at its core.

关键词： Lean Production Systems Industry 4.0 Transparency Interoperability Decentralization Stakeholder Orientation

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Laser surface hardening of engine camshaft cams

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 30卷 478-482页

作者： Irena Lasota Vladimir Protsenko Alexey Matyushkin Mikhail Kuznetsov Sergey Gook Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University St. Petersburg Russian Federation St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University St. Petersburg Russian Federation RWS GmbH D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production System and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany

The publication describes research into the laser hardening process of the camshaft cams surface. Samples of camshaft cams made of structural bearing steel were hardened using a powerful fiber laser LS-15. The effect of altering the laser surface hardening process parameters on the microstructure and microhardness of the surface was investigated. Also, the influence of low-temperature tempering after laser surface hardening was shown.

关键词： Laser surface hardening Metal treatment Microstructure Microhardness Camshaft

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Laser welding of Inconel 718 nickel-based alloy layer-by-layer products

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 30卷 473-477页

作者： Alexander Voropaev Maxim Stramko Alexander Sorokin Ivan Logachev Mikhail Kuznetsov Sergey Gook St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University St. Petersburg Russian Federation Joint Stock Company «Kompozit» Russian Federation Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University St. Petersburg Russian Federation Fraunhofer Institute for Production System and Design Technology IPK Berlin Germany

This article describes the results of the study of optimal conditions for welding alloy products - Inconel 718, made with the method of layered laser growing (SLM). The results of the study of the influence of linear energy, rigid fixation of parts during welding and heat treatment on microhardness, welding deformation and the microstructure of the welded joint are presented.

关键词： Laser welding Inconel 718 SLM Heat-treatment Microstructure

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Constructive compensation of the thermal behaviour for industrial robots

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2021年第1期1140卷

作者： Eckart Uhlmann Julian Polte Christian Mohnke Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany Institute of Machine Tools and Factory Management Pascalstraße 8-9 10587 Berlin Germany

Industrial robot systems offer a flexible, adaptable basis due to their kinematics and their mobility An influencing variable, which is particularly relevant for processes with long process times, is the thermal heating and the associated thermal drift of the tool center point. The maximum deviation from the actual nominal position can reach up to ΔAPt = 1.5 mm. Currently, there are no procedures and methods established in practice which compensate the effects of thermal drift without expensive calibration measures and system downtime. In these investigations a system was developed which allows the reduction of thermally induced displacement by using controlled heating elements. The aim is to keep the entire robot system at a permanent, balanced temperature level. The heating elements are adapted to the geometry of the respective axis and heat the material to a temperature θ close to the steady state. A comparison of the drift through the heating system with the error occurring in normal operation shows that the drift of the heating system is comparable with the drift of normal heating. With the heating mats, a thermally induced error of ΔAPt = 0.234 mm can be generated within t = 20 min. While normal heating requires up to t = 600 min. The achieved error deviation of the drift of the self-heating to the heated variants is with ΔAP = 0.04 mm only minimal. The results can help to reduce the influence of thermal heating and the associated thermal drift of the TCP without using cost-intensive measures with additional hardware and software on external computers for compensating the errors.

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