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Euromicro Conference on Software engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)

作者： Uwe Pohlmann Jörg Holtmann Matthias Meyer Christopher Gerking Project Group Mechatronic Systems Design Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Paderborn Germany Software Engineering Group University of Paderborn Paderborn Germany

Future smart systems will provide functionality by dynamically interacting with each other in cyber-physical systems. Such interactions require a message-based coordination under hard real-time constraints. This is realized by complex software, which combines discrete, state-based behavior with continuous behavior controlling the dynamics of the physical system parts. The development methods and tools for these kinds of software are not well integrated so far. For the modeling and simulation of physical and continuous control behavior, Modelica can be used. For modeling the discrete coordination behavior, MECHATRONICUML (MUML) can be used, which in addition offers a formal verification of safety requirements like deadlock-freedom of interactions, for example. We introduce in this paper an automatic transformation for formally verified MUML models into Modelica to ensure that the discrete state-based software correctly interacts with the continuous control software, physical parts, and a plant model. We illustrate this concept by means of a car-to-car coordination scenario.

关键词： Unified modeling language Mathematical model Real-time systems Clocks Analytical models Software Libraries

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Exploitation-oriented Manufacturing Technology Development

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Procedia CIRP 2014年 17卷 680-685页

作者： G. Schuh M. Graw N. Schön Laboratory of Machine Tools and Production Engineering Chair of Production Systems – RWTH Aachen Univerity Aachen 52074 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Department of Technology Management Aachen 52074 Germany

In consideration of the fact that production technologies are resources that can be exploited across various industrial sectors, their current and prospective technological properties are likely to face requirements from different target industries. Because these requirements can diverge extremely between industries, a methodology will be proposed that enables to assess the compatibility of diverging requirements. It aims at composing consistent, cross-industrial clusters of technological requirements that can potentially be met without significantly adapting the key features of the production technology at hand. These clusters are then mapped with the purpose of deriving an optimized technology development path that increases both long-term market security and overall exploitation potential.

关键词： Cross-industry roadmapping manufacturing technology development technology exploitation development requirements technology management.

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Boron Implanted, Laser Annealed p + Emitter for n-type Interdigitated Back-contact Solar Cells

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Energy Procedia 2014年 55卷 320-325页

作者： Xinbo Yang Ralph Müller Avi Shalav Lujia Xu Wensheng Liang Rui Zhang Qunyu Bi Klaus Weber Daniel Macdonald Robert Elliman Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canbeera ACT 0200 Australia Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems(ISE) Heidenhofstrasse 2 D-79110 Freiburg Germany Research School of Physics and Engineering The Australian National University Canbeera ACT 0200 Australia

Ion implantation and laser processing technologies are very attractive for the fabrication of industrially feasible interdigitated back-contact (IBC) solar cells. In this work, p + emitters were fabricated by boron implantation and laser annealing, and the electrical properties of emitters were investigated. An emitter sheet resistance ( R sh ) in the range of 30-200 Ω/□ could be achieved by varying the implanted dose. The saturation current density ( J oe ) of the passivated p + emitter with R sh of ∼125 Ω/□ reached 95 fA/cm 2 , and the contact resistivity was determined to be as low as 5×10 -6 Ω·cm 2 . Such localized p + emitters can be applied to n-type IBC solar cells, which could avoid the high temperature thermal annealing step and related problems.

关键词： silicon solar cells ion implantation laser annealing n-type interdigitated back-contact solar cells

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Market potential for electric vehicles in the German commercial passenger transport sector

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World Electric Vehicle Journal 2013年第4期6卷 976-985页

作者： Gnann, Till Haag, Michael Plötz, Patrick Wietschel, Martin Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Breslauer Strasse 48 Karlsruhe76139 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Germany

Commercial transport is often referred to as an early market for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). In comparison to private transport, commercial transport with passenger cars is characterized by higher vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT) forming an important factor for a quick pay-offof PEVs. In this paper, we analyze multi-day driving profiles of German passenger cars and light-duty commercial vehicles from the commercial transport sector. These commercial vehicles amount to almost two thirds of the annual vehicle registrations in Germany and thus form an important market segment. Our analysis shows that about 30 % of German commercial vehicles could be economically operated as PEVs in 2020. However, it becomes apparent that energy and battery prices have a high impact on the future market share of plug-in electric vehicles in this segment. © 2013 WEVA Page.

关键词： Commercial vehicles

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Vision-based robust road lane detection in urban environments

Vision-based robust road lane detection in urban environment...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Michael Beyeler Florian Mirus Alexander Verl Department of Computer Science University of California Irvine CA USA Robot and Assistive Systems Department Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Stuttgart Germany

Road and lane detection play an important role in autonomous driving and commercial driver-assistance systems. Vision-based road detection is an essential step towards autonomous driving, yet a challenging task due to illumination and complexity of the visual scenery. Urban scenes may present additional challenges such as intersections, multi-lane scenarios, or clutter due to heavy traffic. This paper presents an integrative approach to ego-lane detection that aims to be as simple as possible to enable real-time computation while being able to adapt to a variety of urban and rural traffic scenarios. The approach at hand combines and extends a road segmentation method in an illumination-invariant color image, lane markings detection using a ridge operator, and road geometry estimation using RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC). Employing the segmented road region as a prior for lane markings extraction significantly improves the execution time and success rate of the RANSAC algorithm, and makes the detection of weakly pronounced ridge structures computationally tractable, thus enabling ego-lane detection even in the absence of lane markings. Segmentation performance is shown to increase when moving from a color-based to a histogram correlation-based model. The power and robustness of this algorithm has been demonstrated in a car simulation system as well as in the challenging KITTI data base of real-world urban traffic scenarios.

关键词： Roads Image segmentation Computational modeling Histograms Cameras Image color analysis Robustness

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Second International Workshop on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organising Socio-technical systems (SASOST 2014)

Second International Workshop on Self-Adaptive and Self-Orga...

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IEEE International Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing systems Workshops, SASOW

作者： Gerrit Anders Jean Botev Markus Esch Institute for Software and Systems Engineering University of Augsburg Augsburg Germany Faculty of Science University of Luxembourg Luxembourg Luxembourg Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE Fraunhofer Institute for Communication Wachtberg Germany

The design and operation of computer systems has traditionally been driven by technical aspects and considerations. However, the usage characteristics of information and communication systems are both implicitly and explicitly determined by social interaction and the social graph of users. The SASOST workshop addresses all aspects of self-adaptive and self-organising mechanisms in socio-technical systems, covering different perspectives of this exciting research area ranging from normative and trust management systems to socio-inspired design strategies for distributed algorithms, collaboration platforms and communication protocols.

关键词： Conferences Sociotechnical systems Educational institutions Adaptive systems Adaptation models Electronic mail Communities

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Dispensing Technology on the Route to an Industrial Metallization Process

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Energy Procedia 2015年 67卷 138-146页

作者： Maximilian Pospischil Martin Kuchler Markus Klawitter Carlos Rodríguez Milan Padilla Raphael Efinger Michael Linse Angel Padilla Harald Gentischer Markus König Matthias Hörteis Lars Wende Oliver Doll Roland Zengerle Florian Clement Daniel Biro Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) Heidenhofstr. 2 D-79110 Freiburg Germany Heraeus Precious Metals GmbH & Co. KG Electronic Materials Division Business Unit Photovoltaics Heraeusstr. 12-14 D-63450 Hanau Germany ASYS Automatisierungssysteme GmbH Solar & New Technologies Benzstr. 10 D-89160 Dornstadt Germany Merck KGaA Performance Materials Division Postcode Q004/001 Frankfurter Str. 250 D-64293 Darmstadt Germany Department of Microsystems Engineering – IMTEK University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 103 D-79110 Freiburg Germany

This study presents a new developed, inline applicable dispensing platform that is equipped with an advanced version of previously introduced parallel dispensing print heads and works as drop-in-replacement in existing manufacturing lines. At process speeds of up to 700 mm•s-1 and a substantially improved process stability, the impact of the resulting contact geometries on optical and ohmic losses was analysed in detail. A reduced finger width as well as an effective width of just 48% after encapsulation of the finger width leads to nearly 50% reduction of shading losses compared to screen printed samples. A substantially improved finger homogeneity leads to similar grid resistances at 20% less silver consumption. Consequently, recent cell results on industrial emitters (R sh = 90 Ω/sq.) showed an efficiency increase of up to +0.4%abs. in comparison to standard single screen printing reaching top values of η = 20.5% on PERC structures. A key improvement of the technology is the new ability to process certain metal pastes originally designed for screen printing applications and thus keep in track with fast emerging paste development. Successfully evaluated screen printing pastes then can be rheologically adapted in order to reach ultrafine contact fingers at high aspect ratios and extract the whole advantage of this non-contacting printing technology.

关键词： silicon solar cells printing metallization dispensing contact geometries economic evaluation analytic simulation

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TiEE - The Telemedical ILOG Event engine: Optimization of information supply in telemedicine 6

TiEE - The Telemedical ILOG Event engine: Optimization of in...

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6th International Workshop on Information Logistics, Knowledge Supply and Ontologies in Information systems, ILOG 2013 - Co-located with 12th International Conference on Perspectives in Business Informatics Research, BIR 2013

作者： Meister, Sven Schafer, Sven Stahlmann, Valentin Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Dortmund Germany

Ongoing problems in healthcare supply make it imperative to establish telemedicine as a feasible concept to ensure the quality of medical treatments and reduce costs. With TiEE, the Telemedical ILOG Event Engine, fraunhofer ISST fosters the research to process streams of vital signs in telemedical scenarios using Complex Event Processing (CEP) in an Information Logistics (ILOG) manner. ILOG means to reduce the amount of information by preprocessing existing data and to route high-grade decision at the right time to the right person. As basic building blocks we developed the concepts of telemedical events (TE), Telemedical ILOG Listener (TIL) and TIL-Profiles on top of the event processing engine Esper [20-23]. TiEE analyzes the incoming patient specific streams of telemedical events and tries to detect relevant trend patterns. In a second step these got aggregated to higher level decisions.

关键词： Telemedicine

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11th German Conference on Chemoinformatics (GCC 2015) Abstracts

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JOURNAL OF CHEMINFORMATICS 2016年第SUPPL 1期8卷 1-27页

作者： [Anonymous] GDCh-CIC Division Associated Board Member Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften Trakehner Str. 7-9 60487 Frankfurt Germany. ufechner@beilstein-institut.de. Division Medicinal Chemistry Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) VU University Amsterdam The Netherlands. Centre for Bioinformatics Uni Hamburg Bundesstr. 43 20146 Hamburg Germany. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany. stefan.guessregen@***. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany. GlaxoSmithKline Stevenage SG1 2NY UK. nicola.j.richmond@***. Discngine Paris 75011 France. Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Germany. marwin.segler@wwu.de. Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Germany. Bundeskriminalamt Wiesbaden Central Analytics II 65173 Wiesbaden Germany. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA. shea@chem.ucsb.edu. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA. Chemistry Department Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 7 81377 Munich Germany. Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany. CAM-D Technologies Essen Germany. Institute for Bioinformatics and Chemoinformatics Westphalian University of Applied Sciences Recklinghausen Germany. Institute for Bioinformatics and Chemoinformatics Westphalian University of Applied Sciences Recklinghausen Germany. achim.zielesny@w-hs.de. Leiden University Leiden Netherlands. j.fraaije@chem.leidenuniv.nl. Culgi BV Berlin Germany. Physikalische Chemie III TU Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany. stefan.kast@tu-dortmund.de. Centre for Molecular Informatics Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom. kcb27@cam.ac.uk. Centre for Molecular Informatics Department of Chemistry

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Continuous objective-based control for self-optimizing systems with changing operation modes

Continuous objective-based control for self-optimizing syste...

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European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Jan Henning Keßler Martin Krüger Ansgar Trächtler Universitat Paderborn Paderborn Nordrhein-Westfalen DE Project Group Mechatronic Systems Design Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Paderborn Germany Heinz Nixdorf Institute University of Paderborn Control Engineering and Mechatronics Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479947287

Self-optimization enables technical systems to adapt their behavior to varying environmental conditions and changing operation modes. Objective functions serve as evaluation criteria for the system behavior. In this paper we present a novel approach of an objective-based controller. This controller is based on Pareto sets, which are solutions of multiobjective optimization problems and computed offline. The controller can be used to continuously adjust the system behavior by computing optimal configurations out of the Pareto sets without solving an optimization problem at runtime. The goal of the controller is to drive the objective values toward a desired relative weighting. Furthermore, the controller is able to cope with varying operation modes, which arise in case of component faults, for example. For each operation mode an entire Pareto set is computed separately. For designing the objective-based controller we use a simplified model of the closed-loop system. The objective values are approximated at runtime by means of a lowpass filter. An active suspension system affected by unknown track excitations serves as an application example. We use a particular control reconfiguration approach in case of an actuator fault as a change of the operation mode. Finally, simulations with a nonlinear model of the system validate our approach.

关键词： Optimization Actuators Suspensions Linear programming Computational modeling Vectors

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