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arXiv 2024年

作者： Manoury, Marvin Riedelsheimer, Theresa Hellmeier, Malte Meyer, Tom Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstrasse 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST Speicherstraße 6 Dortmund44147 Germany

Digital Twins have evolved as a concept describing digital representations of physical assets. They can be used to facilitate simulations, monitoring, or optimization of product lifecycles. Considering the concept of a Circular Economy, which entails several lifecycles of, e.g., vehicles, their components, and materials, it is important to investigate how the respective Digital Twins are managed over the lifecycle of their physical assets. This publication presents and compares three approaches for managing Digital Twins in industrial use cases. The analysis considers aspects such as updates, data ownership, and data sovereignty. The results based on the research project Catena-X © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Supply chains

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ALU4CED - New Concept for Circular Electronic Design Based on Aluminium

ALU4CED - New Concept for Circular Electronic Design Based o...

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Electronics Goes Green 2012+ (EGG)

作者： Marek Koscielski Lutz Stobbe Thomas Mager Tapani Jokinen Adelja Schulz Andrzej Kiernich Grupa Badawcza Technologie Łukasiewicz Research Network - Tele and Radio Research Institute Warsaw Poland Environmental Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration Berlin Germany Product Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (数字)9783000793301

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388220

This paper introduces and presents first results of the joint Polish German research project ALU4CED - aluminium based multifunctional housing for circular electronic devices. ALU4CED has the overarching goal of contributing to the circular economy in the field short living information and communication technology (ICT). It aims to substitute plastic housing by using aluminium which can be recycled which creates a lower carbon footprint over time. This is not a new idea and aluminium housing have been used for a range of products from large remote radio heads in mobile access networks to small devices such as smartphones. However, the novelty of the project lies in the integration of antenna and sensor structures on the outer surface of aluminium housing and creating thermal interface on the inner surface. This paper explains the eco-design concept and novel manufacturing technology that allows to create such multifunctional, resource saving, and easy to recycle aluminium housing.

关键词： Aluminum Thermal sensors Information and communication technology Recycling Manufacturing Plastics Ecodesign

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A novel design approach: increase in storage and transport efficiency for liquid hydrogen by using a dual concept involving a steel-fiber composite tank and thermal sprayed insulating coatings

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Frontiers in Energy Research 2024年 12卷

作者： Hauer, Michél Schmidt, Stefan Gericke, Andreas Brätz, Oliver Möhrke, Lukas Biswal, Pratidhwani Stroetmann, Nicco Henkel, Knuth-Michael Department Manufacturing Technologies Thermal Coating Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Large Structures in Production Engineering IGP Rostock Germany Department New Processes and Materials Fiber Composite Technologies Fraunhofer Institute for Large Structures in Production Engineering IGP Rostock Germany Department Manufacturing Technologies Department Lead Fraunhofer Institute for Large Structures in Production Engineering IGP Rostock Germany Department Manufacturing Technologies Thermal Joining Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Large Structures in Production Engineering IGP Rostock Germany Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technologies Chair of Joining Technology University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Wind power-to-gas concepts have a high potential to sustainably cover the increasing demand for hydrogen as an energy carrier and raw material, as it has been shown in the past that there is an enormous potential in energy overproduction, which currently remains unused due to the shutdown of wind turbines. Thus, there is barely experience in maritime production, offshore storage, and transport of large quantities of liquid hydrogen (LH2) due to the developing market. Instead, tank designs refer to heavy standard onshore storage and transport applications with vacuum insulated double wall hulls made from austenitic stainless steel and comparatively high thermal diffusivity and conductivity. This reduces cost effectiveness due to inevitable boil-off and disregards some other requirements such as mechanical and cyclic strength and high corrosion resistance. Hence, new concepts for LH2 tanks are required for addressing these issues. Two innovative technical concepts from space travel and high-temperature applications were adopted, combined and qualified for use in the wind-power-to-gas scenario. The focus was particularly on the high requirements for transport weight, insulation and cryogenic durability. The first concept part consisted of the implementation of FRP (fiber-reinforced plastics)–steel hybrid tanks which have a high potential as a hull for LH2 tanks. However, these hybrid tanks are currently only used in the space sector. Questions still arise regarding interactions with coatings, production, material, temperature resilience and design for commercial use. Thermally sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBC) in turn show promising potential for surfaces subject to high thermal and mechanical stress. However, the application is currently limited to use at high temperatures and needed to be extended to the cryogenic temperature range. The research on this second part of the concept thus focused on the validation of standard MCrAlY alloys and innovative (partially)

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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Semiautomated 3D Root Segmentation and Evaluation Based on X-Ray CT Imagery

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Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 86-98页

作者： Stefan Gerth Joelle Claußen Anja Eggert Norbert Wörlein Michael Waininger Thomas Wittenberg Norman Uhlmann Development Center X-Ray Technology(EZRT) Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems(IIS)Flugplatzstraße 7590768 FürthGermany Biomedical Engineering Department Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems(IIS)Am Wolfsmantel 331191058 ErlangenGermany

*** X-ray tomography(CTX)is a high-end nondestructive approach for the visual assessment of root architecture in ***,in order to evaluate high-resolution CTX data of root architectures,manual segmentation of the depicted root systems from large-scale volume data is currently necessary,which is both time consuming and error *** duration of such a segmentation is of importance,especially for time-resolved growth analysis,where several instances of a plant need to be segmented and ***,in our application,the contrast between soil and root data varies due to different growth stages and watering situations at the time of ***,the root system itself is expanding in length and in the diameter of individual *** semiautomated and robust root system segmentation from CTX data,we propose the RootForce approach,which is an extension of Frangi’s“multi-scale vesselness”method and integrates a 3D local *** allows a precise delineation of roots with diameters down to severalμm in pots with varying ***,RootForce is not limited to the segmentation of small below-ground organs,but is also able to handle storage roots with a diameter larger than 40 *** CTX volume data of full-grown bean plants as well as time-resolved(3D+time)growth studies of cassava plants,RootForce produces similar(and much faster)results compared to manual segmentation of the regarded root ***,RootForce enables the user to obtain traits not possible to be calculated before,such as total root volume(Vroot),total root length(Lroot),root volume over depth,root growth angles(θmin,θmean,andθmax),root surrounding soil density Dsoil,or form fraction *** proposed RootForce tool can provide a higher efficiency for the semiautomatic high-throughput assessment of the root architectures of different types of plants from large-scale ***,for all datasets

关键词： automated handle Root

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Experimental and Numerical Studies of Densification, Deformation and Delamination of Co-Sintered Multi-Material Composites

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Funtai Oyobi Fummatsu Yakin/Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 2025年 72卷 S305-S312页

作者： Deng, Yuanbin Liu, Chao Zhou, Meng Fu, Zongwen Gruner, Daniel Kaletsch, Anke Gestrich, Tim Herrmann, Mathias Kratz, Nadja Broeckmann, Christoph RWTH Aachen Institute for Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering Augustinerbach 4 Aachen52062 Germany RWTH Aachen e. V. Augustinerbach 4 Aachen52062 Germany University of Wuppertal Gaussstraße 20 Wuppertal42119 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Winterbergstraße 28 Dresden01277 Germany Heinrich-Meister-Straße 2 Höhr-Grenzhausen56203 Germany

Nowadays, the fabrication of multi-material components with desired geometries and tailored microstructural properties is drawing continuous attention. By laminating or additive manufacturing and subsequent co-sintering, multi-material composites that combine a wide range of favorable properties can be produced. Examples are metal-ceramic laminates and multi-ceramic composites, which not only open the spectrum of material applications but also provide a higher degree of flexibility than single materials. However, undesired deformation that triggers delamination, curvature, cracks or even catastrophic failure frequently occurs during the co-sintering process. To solve these issues, a thermo-mechanical model that predicts densification, deformation, and delamination of multi-material components along the entire co-sintering process was developed. A multi-ceramic composite and a metal-ceramic laminate were selected to test and validate the developed model by experimental investigations. The developed model is proven to effectively describe the deformation, curvature, and stress distribution in the studied material combinations. ©2025 Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy.

关键词： Delamination

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ASM-GaN Model for Resistive Mixer Applications at D-Band Frequencies

ASM-GaN Model for Resistive Mixer Applications at D-Band Fre...

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BiCMOS and Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuits and Technology Symposium (BCICTS)

作者： Cristina Maurette-Blasini Dirk Schwantuschke Sayed Ali Albahrani Peter Brückner Konstantin Kuliabin Sébastien Chartier Rüdiger Quay Institute for Sustainable Systems Engineering (INATECH) University of Freiburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute of Applied-Solid-State Physics (IAF) Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331541248

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541255

This paper reports on the large-signal modeling of AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility-transistors. The physicsbased model parameters of the Advanced SPICE Model are used to accurately reproduce the large-signal behavior of different gate length GaN HEMTs even with varying gate-drain and gatesource ledges focusing on passive mixer applications at D-band frequencies (110 - 170 GHz). Dedicated models for 70 nm GaN HEMTs and 100 nm GaN HEMTs with different ledge distances are presented. All models show an excellent agreement with dc and S-parameter measurements of single HEMT devices up to 150 GHz. Furthermore, the 100 nm GaN HEMT model is verified based on an existing resistive D-band mixer MMIC. This shows that the model offers the option to analyze trends in circuit performance (e.g. linearity) when key technology parameters such as the gate length are varied.

关键词： Adaptation models Semiconductor device measurement Logic gates HEMTs SPICE Scattering parameters Transistors Integrated circuit modeling MODFETs Mixers

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Mid infrared optical parametric oscillation and comb generation in whispering gallery resonators

Mid infrared optical parametric oscillation and comb generat...

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Mid-Infrared Coherent Sources, MICS 2024 - Part of Optica High-Brightness Sources and Light-Driven Interactions Congress

作者： Breunig, Ingo Laboratory for Optical Systems Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 102 Freiburg79110 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM Georges-Köhler-Allee 301 Freiburg79110 Germany

Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) emit narrow-linewidth light that is widely tunable in wavelength. In particular in the mid infrared, they are of prime interest because a single device can cover the entire wavelength range between 3 and 5 μm. Their realizations based on whispering gallery resonators (WGRs) provide a small footprint and ultra-low pump thresholds. We demonstrate millimeter-sized WGR based OPOs pumped with compact diode lasers operating at 1.55 μm wavelength. The parametric oscillation is tunable between 2.3 and 5.1 μm wavelength with milliwatt output powers. Tuning is achieved by changing the temperature of the resonator or by varying the pump wavelength. Operating the OPO at the point of degeneracy enables to generate THz-wide frequency combs centered around 3.1 μm wavelength. Our results show that whispering gallery resonators made of non-oxide materials can be the key component for realizing miniaturized wavelength-flexible sources for coherent mid infrared light. © 2024 The Author(s).

关键词： Optical parametric oscillators

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Adiabatic frequency conversion in a lithium niobate microresonator for FMCW-LiDAR 26

Adiabatic frequency conversion in a lithium niobate microres...

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Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XXVI 2024

作者： Mrokon, Alexander Oehler, Johanna Breunig, Ingo Laboratory for Optical Systems Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 102 Freiburg79110 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM Georges-Köhler-Allee 301 Freiburg79110 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781510670020

Adiabatic frequency conversion (AFC) in microresonators is independent of the intensity of laser light, and it is free from phase matching restrictions. It even allows for changing the frequency of single photons. The AFC has been experimentally investigated for more than a decade in different configurations. However, despite of some impressive proof-of-concept demonstrations, adiabatic frequency converters remain relatively obscure compared to their nonlinear-optical counterparts. So far, adiabatic frequency converters for applications were a curiosity due to lack of experimental investigation. We demonstrate linear frequency chirps between 0 and 690 MHz around 1.5 µm wavelength generated by electro-optically driven AFC. This is achieved by applying linear voltage chirps between 0 and 20 V on a 300-µm-thick whispering gallery resonator made of lithium niobate with 1.2 mm major radius. The frequency chirps have less than 2 % rms deviation from perfect linearity at chirp times as low as 130 ns. We apply these chirps for frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR as a proof for a practical application of AFC. We successfully determine distances between 0 and 6 m. The distance resolution is of the order of 10 cm and just limited by the chirp bandwidth. Our proof-of-concept demonstration shows that laser light from adiabatic frequency converters is useful for applications. The performance of the AFC-based FMCW LiDAR system can be improved by integrating the resonator on a chip since the same voltage provides higher electric fields. Here, electro-optically-induced frequency shifts of 10 GHz and more have already been demonstrated. This would increase the distance resolution by more than one order of magnitude. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Phase matching

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Towards Packaging Unit Detection for Automated Palletizing Tasks

Towards Packaging Unit Detection for Automated Palletizing T...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems (IROS)

作者： Markus Völk Kilian Kleeberger Werner Kraus Richard Bormann Department of Robot and Assistive Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Stuttgart

For various automated palletizing tasks, the detection of packaging units is a crucial step preceding the actual handling of the packaging units by an industrial robot. We propose an approach to this challenging problem that is fully trained on synthetically generated data and can be robustly applied to arbitrary real world packaging units without further training or setup effort. The proposed approach is able to handle sparse and low quality sensor data, can exploit prior knowledge if available and generalizes well to a wide range of products and application scenarios. To demonstrate the practical use of our approach, we conduct an extensive evaluation on real-world data with a wide range of different retail products. Further, we integrated our approach in a lab demonstrator and a commercial solution will be marketed through an industrial partner.

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Row Feature Tracking for Improved Localization of Agricultural Robots

Row Feature Tracking for Improved Localization of Agricultur...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： Dominik Moss Kevin Breglerl Werner Kraus Department Robot and Assistive Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Stuttgart

This paper presents an approach to utilize the crop rows on agricultural fields for a GNSS-independent navigation. Therefore, row line segments and row end points are defined as row features. They are detected based on LiDAR sensor information and then associated with an a priori derived row feature map, which can be constructed during an initial mapping run. Based on the association of the line segments, the pose of the robot is corrected lateral to the row direction. Additionally, the end point associations allow a longitudinal correction at the end of the row. This corrects the localization drift of relative localization measurements from IMU, wheel odometry, or visual odometry and replaces the need of absolute localization from Real Time Kinematic (RTK) GNSS. The proposed framework is validated in a simulation within ROS and Gazebo.

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