The Web no longer defines itself through pre-build web pages simply delivered by a web server. Today, web-based services exchange data with Rich Internet Applications, which run completely inside the web browser or on...
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The Web no longer defines itself through pre-build web pages simply delivered by a web server. Today, web-based services exchange data with Rich Internet Applications, which run completely inside the web browser or on mobile devices. The service front ends in the future will be gradually enriched by sophisticated mashups or apps. The service back ends are designed to be highly reusable and feature a generic services pattern that requires well defined interfaces to provide a semantically interoperable data exchange. An automatic and objective quality evaluation of the service definitions is strongly emphasised to assert the usability and practicability of the interface specifications. This empirical study verifies the applicability of the automatic quality evaluation using the Semantic Interoperability engineering (SIE) approach developed by the fraunhofer ISST: Well established standards for the Internet are inspected using selected quality indicators. This paper revisits and evaluates the concrete results of the proposed quality evaluation, elaborates on the extent and scope of the available means, and discusses the applicability of the used quality evaluation system.
systems for distributed event processing have recently gained increasing attention in a broad range of application domains. This raises the demand for methods to adapt the system design to application-specific needs. ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424455096;9780769538693
systems for distributed event processing have recently gained increasing attention in a broad range of application domains. This raises the demand for methods to adapt the system design to application-specific needs. Our approach considers (i) tradeoffs regarding the hardware infrastructure and (ii) tradeoffs in the software design. The presented model supports design decisions in dependence of application-specific event properties and design goals.
Lab-on-a-chip systems are increasingly applied in cell-based assays for toxicology and drug testing. In this paper, an on-chip integrated lensless microscopy module using a direct projection method for optical monitor...
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Lab-on-a-chip systems are increasingly applied in cell-based assays for toxicology and drug testing. In this paper, an on-chip integrated lensless microscopy module using a direct projection method for optical monitoring of the shadow images of adherent growing mammalian cells is presented. The biological cells are conserved and interfaced by a microfabricated cavity chip with a 1 μm thick silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) substrate onto the surface of a 5 megapixel CMOS image sensor with 2.2 μm pixel size. The optical resolution of the assembly is estimated by the contact/proximate printing theory from optical lithography. Further characterization is made by imaging microbeads in chips with the Si 3 N 4 -membrane as well as in cavity chips with membranes made from dry film resist (DFR, thickness 20, 40 and 60 μm). The module represents a 3 × optical microscope for cell morphology imaging. The function is demonstrated by the growth monitoring of L929 cells cultured in cavity chips with Si 3 N 4 substrate for 2 days and by checking the colorimetric staining of cells with a compromised membrane.
We present a review of both theoretical and experimental studies of stress effects on the solubility of dopants in silicon and silicon-germanium materials. Critical errors and limitations in early theory are discussed...
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This paper describes an approach for the development of a logistics cloud as a “vertical cloud”. In contrast to a generic or “horizontal cloud” components of the cloud platform are customtailored to the specific n...
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This paper describes an approach for the development of a logistics cloud as a “vertical cloud”. In contrast to a generic or “horizontal cloud” components of the cloud platform are customtailored to the specific needs of the logistics application area. The NIST cloud services model serves as a basis for structuring logistics specific cloud service requirements. In the next step the domain specific model is used as a basis for the development of Logistics Mall, a domain specific cloud platform for the trading and usage of logistics IT services and logistics processes. The paper closes with an overview of the implementation status and an outlook to future work.
Photoacoustic imaging is a hybrid imaging modality combining beneficial features from optical and ultrasound techniques. In photoacoustic imaging, the thermoelastic effect is used for laser-induced generation of ultra...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780470594728
Photoacoustic imaging is a hybrid imaging modality combining beneficial features from optical and ultrasound techniques. In photoacoustic imaging, the thermoelastic effect is used for laser-induced generation of ultrasound waves. Absorption of light in tissue leads to small increase in temperature which results in volume expansion and generation of pressure waves. For contrast enhanced imaging, different types of contrast agents can be used. Depending on the geometrical shape plasmon resonance material shows high absorbing properties in the near infrared (NIR). The absorption maximum of existing nanoparticulate contrast agents is located in the range between 700 nm and 900 nm. Due to the limited number of technically available lasers emitting in this spectral range as well as the controversial discussed questions about cytotoxicity, the widespread clinical use is limited. In order to allow a future use of photoacoustic imaging in the clinical routine, laser systems combining the availability of a near-infrared (NIR) wavelength with cost-efficiency and easy-handling such as Nd:YAG lasers (1064nm laser beam) combined with a bioconjugated contrast agent have to be used for signal generation. The aim of this study was to synthesize gold nanoparticles and infrared dye (IR5)-loaded PLGA (poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)) particles with an absorbance maximum in the range of 1100 nm, to be compatible with the laser system, and to characterize their cytotoxicity with regard to the application as contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging. Using human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) in vitro experiments were performed after four different exposure times to guarantee the biocompatibility of the synthesized nanoparticles. The results indicate that both nanoparticulate systems induce no cytotoxic effects. Using the developed highly sensitive high-resolution photoacoustic microscope platform based on the SASAM acoustic microscopy system concentration-dependent in vitro detection of na
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