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Lessons learned from the underrepresentation of women in STEM: AI-enabled solutions and more

Energy and AI 2021年第3期5卷 375-378页

作者： Waad Abuwatfa Nada Zamel Amani Al-Othman Department of Chemical Engineering American University of SharjahSharjahUAE Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISEFreiburgGermany

The participation of women science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)and energy fields is essential in advancing knowl-edge,securing economic growth,promoting prosperity and contribut-ing to the well-being of *** the number of women in-volved in STEM fields has recently witnessed an increase in compar-ison to their natural counterparts,the“leaky pipeline”metaphor still applies.A greater number of women“leak out”and leave the educa-tional and professional pipelines at every stage of their lives,transition-ing from school to university to their careers,than men[1].The epitome of gender differences in the fields of STEM and energy industry can be captured by the disparities in representation of women in publications,salaries,senior rankings,annual productivity and resources allocation[2].

关键词： learned senior publications

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Innovation in Times of Crisis: How Civil Protection Organizations in Europe Coped and Adapted During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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European Journal for Security Research 2023年第2期7卷 139-161页

作者： Roth, Florian Kaluza, Benjamin Pfeffer, Katharina Rümelin, Esther Kirchner, Joel Overmeyer, Maike Neisser, Florian Jackwerth-Rice, Thomas Kilicaslan, Aleyna Sautter, Johannes Zurich University of Applied Sciences Winterthur Switzerland Fraunhofer Institute for Technological Trend Analysis INT Euskirchen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI Karlsruhe Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Stuttgart Germany

This explorative study provides insights into how civil protection organizations can learn, be innovative, and develop their capabilities toward achieving greater organizational resilience. After the enormous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, civil protection organizations had to actively shape crisis-related learning processes, particularly concerning workflows and organizational structures, collaboration with stakeholders, preparedness, risk analysis, digitalization, and the political framework. Empirical findings collected in Europe during and between the main pandemic peaks of 2020 and 2021 were analyzed for implications for policymakers and civil protection organizations. Key findings illustrate how important it is for civil protection organizations to respond quickly and adapt flexibly in times of crisis. In interviews with civil protection experts, respondents highlight the benefits of a partner network and the need for digital capabilities and data infrastructure. Other relevant factors in dealing with a crisis were found to be self-evaluation and the ability to recover from a previous wave while preparing for and responding to the next.

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Hybrid design approach for the design of high-frequency components in MID technology

Hybrid design approach for the design of high-frequency comp...

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International Congress Molded Interconnect Devices (MID)

作者： Thomas Mager Roman Dumitrescu Product Engineering Fraunhofer Research Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design IEM Paderborn Germany

The digitalisation of industry and especially the IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) requires ever more powerful and smaller devices, such as sensors and actuators. These are more and more battery-powered and communicate in a wireless way. The MID technology enables easy integration into existing systems and machines due to the free shaping. This is particularly important for retrofit applications, where the installation spaces are fixed and can not be *** integration of antennas and microstrip lines on the surfaces of the MID bodies enables a high degree of miniaturisation of these components, as costly assembly and adjustment of the antennas is not necessary. However, it is essential that the dimensions of the antennas and microstrip lines are precisely matched to the matter parameters in order to function correctly. Otherwise, the resonance frequency of the antenna is detuned or the line impedances do not match. This would significantly impair the transmission and receiving characteristics of the IIOT device and thus significantly restrict its operability by reduction of the antenna radiation efficiency. For the designer of the circuit, the challenge is that often the dielectric material parameters of the used substrate material are not available or not specified in the required frequency range. Especially by adding additives and aggregates, the electrical material parameters permittivity, permeability and loss angle tan(delta). The determining of the electrical material parameters is a complex measuring procedure and requires special measuring equipment. In addition to a vector network analyser, special material fixtures and a measurement software tool are required. Furthermore, the material samples must be precisely fitted to the test fixture used. Then the material samples must be prepared, polished flat, in order to avoid measurement errors due to air pockets. This makes electrical material characterisation very complicated and cost-intensive. The

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BoW Die to Die interface implementation: An open standardized interface for future Electronics

BoW Die to Die interface implementation: An open standardize...

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Electronics Packaging Technology Conference (EPTC)

作者： Maudood Ahmed Andy Heinig Sneha Kadam Lavakumar Navilipuri Division Engineering of Adaptive Systems EAS Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS Dresden

Chiplets with a Die to die interface has gained popularity over SoC recently since it has much scope for optimisation in terms of power consumption and high design cost. The downscaling of technology nodes has made it tough to increase the performance at system level. systems such as automotive and associated needs a significant power for processing and has different blocks with different functionality. This presents the need for chiplets based system which leads to need for a standardized Die to Die interface. Bunch-of-Wire (BoW) is one open interface that can serve the needs well for the integration of heterogenous systems which is one of the primary advantage of this interface. This paper presents PHY implementation of this standard is done in 5nm Fin-FET and 22 nm FDX technology and an integration concept is also discussed.

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A Performance Comparison of OFDM and Pulsed PHY Modulations in Optical Wireless Communications

A Performance Comparison of OFDM and Pulsed PHY Modulations ...

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2023 South American Conference on Visible Light Communications, SACVLC 2023

作者： Hinrichs, Malte Costa, Wesley Rocha, Helder Pontes, Maria Segatto, Marcelo Paraskevopoulos, Anagnostis Jungnickel, Volker Freund, Ronald Silva, Jair Heinrich-Hertz-Institut Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications Berlin Germany Federal University of Espirito Santo LabTel Electrical Engineering Department Vitoria Brazil Sensors and Smart Systems Group Hanzehogeschool Groningen9747 Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358605

In this paper, we experimentally compare orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) and on-off keying (OOK) modulation in the context of the IEEE 802.15.13-2023 standard at bandwidths up to 50 MHz across a Li-Fi link with distances up to 5 m and a lateral offset up to 51°. Error vector magnitude (EVM) and bit error rate (BER) evaluations confirm that the high peak-To-Average power ratio (PAPR) of OFDM limits the achievable transmission distance, but it offers higher data rates due to its higher spectral efficiency. Due to the lower PAPR, OOK-based Pulsed Modulation PHY (PM-PHY) shows a significantly higher link range. As the structure of the PM-PHY is based on OFDM symbols, the two solutions may also be combined to open a wider range of use cases for optical wireless communications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Experimental 5G New Radio Transmission Over an LED-Based Optical Wireless Link

Experimental 5G New Radio Transmission Over an LED-Based Opt...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Alexis A. Dowhuszko Xinyu Zhang Jyri Hämäläinen Dennis Goodson Volker Jungnickel Department of Information and Communications Engineering Aalto University Finland Photonic Networks and Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications Heinrich Hertz Institute Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350368369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368376

5G New Radio (NR) is the de facto global standard for 5G mobile networks. 5G NR was developed by 3GPP and designed to provide new kinds of mobile services across very large geographical areas. One of the main challenges that evolutions of 5G NR must face is the limited radio frequency resources that are available for Beyond-5G mobile connectivity. Optical wireless bands have been already considered for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technologies, where they are denoted as Light Fidelity (Li-Fi). However, and in order to make optical wireless an integral part of Beyond 5G mobile standards, it is convenient to first assess the performance that is feasible when an actual 5G NR waveform is transmitted over an optical wireless frequency band. This paper presents the first experimental proof-of-concept for the transmission of a 5G NR frame over an LED-based optical wireless link. The obtained results are very motivating, as the 5G NR data rates that would be feasible over optical wireless links are very similar to the ones observed nowadays over the n78 RF band (centered around 3.5 GHz, with 100 MHz bandwidth). However, the most important difference is that the spectrum of the optical wireless signal will be reusable in very small cells of radius not larger than few meters, with the possibility of deploying many remote optical units for ultra-densification in indoor service areas without notable inter-cell interference.

关键词： Wireless communication Integrated optics Radio frequency 5G mobile communication New Radio Optical receivers Optical network units Adaptive optics Optical transmitters Standards

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Guidance on Dataspaces: Development of a Learning Environment for Industrial SMEs

Guidance on Dataspaces: Development of a Learning Environmen...

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International Conference on Control and Robots (ICCR)

作者： Lick Jonas Lamarz Jessica Dohmann Friederike Kulkarni Pranav Jayant Zerbin Julian Koldewey Christian Department for Digital Transformation Fraunhofer Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design Paderborn Germany Department for Corporate Innovation Fraunhofer Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design Paderborn Germany Research group for Advanced Systems Engineering University of Paderborn - Heinz Nixdorf Institute Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331518158

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518165

The rapid advancements in digital transformation have led to the emergence of dataspaces as a pivotal element for industry-wide and cross-industry data integration and interoperability across various businesses. Despite their potential, the adoption and effective utilization of dataspaces by business stakeholders remain challenging. This paper aims to address this gap by developing a comprehensive learning environment tailored for business stakeholders. Through an interview study and an analysis of the current state of research, we identify problem fields and derive key requirements for the development of the learning environment. The proposed environment includes a demonstrator and a training concept designed to enhance stakeholders' understanding and capabilities in managing and leveraging dataspaces. Our findings contribute to the body of knowledge by providing practical guidance through learning environments for the deployment of dataspaces in business contexts and highlighting areas for future research.

关键词： Training Service robots Digital transformation Data integration Stakeholders Interviews Interoperability Business

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Online Survey Study on the Needs of Former Intensive-Care Patients for the Development of a User-Friendly App

Online Survey Study on the Needs of Former Intensive-Care Pa...

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34th Medical Informatics Europe Conference, MIE 2024

作者： Molinnus, Denise Kurth, Angelique Mainz, Anne Meister, Sven Marx, Gernot Bickenbach, Johannes DISTANCE Consortium of the German Medical Informatics Initiative Germany Department of Intensive Care Medicine RWTH Aachen University Germany Faculty of Health/School of Medicine Witten/Herdecke University Germany Department Healthcare Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685335

The aim of this online-survey study is the development and evaluation of a mobile health application specifically designed to meet the needs of individuals who have previously undergone intensive-care treatment. User acceptance and perception play a crucial role in refining and optimizing the app's features and functionalities. By actively incorporating suggestions and insights from users, the goal is to enhance the overall usability and better cater to the diverse needs of individuals in post-intensive care recovery. This iterative approach ensures that the application remains responsive to the evolving requirements of its target audience. Overall, the emphasis is on creating a user-centric and adaptive tool for former intensive care patients, to develop a user-friendly mobile app. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： DigitalHub Mobile Health PICS Survey Study

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Cooling Lubricant Boundary Conditions for wet Turning Simulations 16

Cooling Lubricant Boundary Conditions for wet Turning Simula...

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16th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing engineering, CIRP ICME 2022

作者： Uhlmann, Eckart Barth, Enrico Nabbout, Kaissar Sommerfeld, Martin Bock-Marbach, Benjamin Kuhnert, Jörg Dovgal, Andrey Chair of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Technology Pascalstr. 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstr. 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Institute of Process Engineering Universitaetsplatz 2 Magdeburg39106 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics ITWM Fraunhofer-Platz 1 Kaiserslautern67663 Germany

In recent years, the rise in computation and modelling capabilities has enabled first chip formation simulations for wet cutting processes. Currently, chip formation simulations are limited to a small simulation domain around the cutting edge. Hence, vague assumptions of inflow boundary conditions of the cooling lubricant must be made. In this paper, a procedure is shown to determine the boundary conditions of the free fluid jet for different cooling lubricant strategies by combination of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and meshfree fluid simulations. As a result, usual assumptions of cooling lubricant boundary conditions are evaluated and deviations are identified. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Velocity measurement

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Integrating Scheduling of Logistic Support Processes in Agent-Based Industry 4.0 Assembly Simulation 23

Integrating Scheduling of Logistic Support Processes in Agen...

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Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference

作者： Adrian Freiter Christian Schwede Department of Logistics Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering (ISST) Dortmund GERMANY Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics University of Applied Sciences and Arts Bielefeld Bielefeld GERMANY

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369663

The upcoming decentralized production systems seem to be promising in Industry 4.0 assembly to handle the challenges of highly individual products. Matrix production characterized by freely linked workstations and an advanced automation level are highly flexible. That is why many efforts have already been made to explore the advantages compared to existing flow shop production systems, but also the additional challenges arising from this new paradigm. One of these challenges is the synchronization of main product and supply part flow at the individual workstations during order scheduling. This paper presents a new approach of integrating logistics support processes into the scheduling of the main product flow to consider the part supply in the decisions taken during scheduling avoiding waiting times. We compare our integrated approach with the existing decoupled scheduling approach, based on a "bicycle assembly" scenario. The results are promising particularly when part supply is a bottleneck.

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