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Towards task dynamic reconfiguration over asymmetric computing platforms for UAVs surveillance systems

Scalable Computing 2009年第3期10卷 277-289页

作者： Binotto, Alécio P.D. de Freitas, Edison P. Wehrmeister, Marco A. Pereira, Carlos E. Stork, André Larsson, Tony Fraunhofer IGD TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Informatics Institute Federal University of Rio Grande do sul porto Alegre Brazil School of Information Science Computer and Electrical Engineering Halmstad University Sweden Informatics Institute Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Automation and Systems Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Electrical Engineering Department Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

High-performance platforms are required by modern applications that make use of massive calculations. Actually, low-cost and high-performance specific hardware (e.g. GPU) can be a good alternative along with CPUs, which turned to multiple cores, forming powerful heterogeneous desktop execution platforms. Therefore, self-adaptive computing is a promising paradigm as it can provide flexibility to explore different computing resources, on which heterogeneous cluster can be created to improve performance on different execution scenarios. One approach is to explore run-time tasks migration among node's hardware towards an optimal system load-balancing aiming at performance gains. This way, time requirements and its crosscutting behavior play an important role for task (re)allocation decisions. This paper presents a self-rescheduling task strategy that makes use of aspect-oriented paradigms to address non-functional application timing constraints from earlier design phases. A case study exploring Radar Image Processing tasks is presented to demonstrate the proposed approach. Simulations results for this case study are provided in the context of a surveillance system based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). © 2009 SCPE.

关键词： Program processors

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Comparative evaluation of color-based video signatures in the presence of various distortion types

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World Academy of Science, engineering and Technology 2009年 58卷 538-543页

作者： de la Fuente, Aritz Sánchez Ndjiki-Nya, Patrick Sühring, Karsten Hinz, Tobias Müller, Karsten Wiegand, Thomas Image Processing Department Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications Heinrich-Hertz-Institut Einsteinufer 37 Berlin D-10587 Germany Head of the Image Communication Chair Department of Telecommunication Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Technical University of Berlin Einsteinufer 17 Berlin D-10587 Germany

The robustness of color-based signatures in the presence of a selection of representative distortions is investigated. Considered are five signatures that have been developed and evaluated within a new modular framework. Two signatures presented in this work are directly derived from histograms gathered from video frames. The other three signatures are based on temporal information by computing difference histograms between adjacent frames. In order to obtain objective and reproducible results, the evaluations are conducted based on several randomly assembled test sets. These test sets are extracted from a video repository that contains a wide range of broadcast content including documentaries, sports, news, movies, etc. Overall, the experimental results show the adequacy of color-histogram-based signatures for video fingerprinting applications and indicate which type of signature should be preferred in the presence of certain distortions.

关键词： Color

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Evolutionary robotics: The next-generation-platform for on-line and on-board artificial evolution

Evolutionary robotics: The next-generation-platform for on-l...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： S. Kernbach E. Meister O. Scholz R. Humza J. Liedke L. Ricotti J. Jemai J. Havlik W. Liu Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute of Biomedical Engineering Sankt Ingbert Germany Institute of Process Control and Robotics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany Scuola Superiore Pontedera Italy Ubisense AG Munich Germany IMA Prague Czech Republic University of West of England Bristol UK

In this paper we present the development of a new self-reconfigurable robotic platform for performing on-line and on-board evolutionary experiments. The designed platform can work as an autonomous swarm robot and can undergo collective morphogenesis to actuate in different morphogenetic structures. The platform includes a dedicated power management, rich sensor mechanisms for on-board fitness measurement as well as very powerful distributed computational system to run learning and evolutionary algorithms. The whole development is performed within several large European projects and is open-hardware and open-software.

关键词： Robot sensing systems Organisms Orbital robotics Hardware Biological system modeling Parallel robots Humans Space exploration Sensor phenomena and characterization Computational modeling

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A situation-centric approach to meteorological services in the SITUMET platform 08

A situation-centric approach to meteorological services in t...

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16th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information systems, ACM GIS 2008

作者： Pfennigschmidt, Stefan Voisard, Agnès Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering 10178 Mollstraße 1 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering FU Berlin 10178 Mollstraße 1 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583235

In applications that need meteorological forecast data, for instance for planning purposes (such as construction or environmental applications), each weather service is currently an effort-intensive result of domain-dependent programming. Instead, such applications need weather information platforms that would combine new forecast technologies and new information and communication technologies in a flexible manner. In this context, we introduced SITUMET, a platform for situation-based meteorological services. The core of the platform is based on (i) open sensor integration, (ii) a flexible forecast module, and (iii) situation-based service generation. In this paper we focus on the later, which is based on the notion of users' context that remains constant during a time interval. We introduce a situation-centric approach to dynamic weather service provision in push and pull mode. It is based on a common model for current and planned activity sequences and for weather information. We illustrate our approach with a particular up-and-running mobile application defined in the SITUMET framework. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Weather forecasting

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Concept and development of a testing facility for a rope kinematic actuator

Concept and development of a testing facility for a rope kin...

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39th International Symposium on Robotics, ISR 2008

作者： Rost, Arne Pfeiffer, Kai Hägele, Martin Verl, Alexander Robot Systems Department Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation Nobelstraße 12 70569 Stuttgart Germany

This paper focuses on the concept and development of a test bench for a rope kinematic actuator. This actuator, the DoHelix-Muscle is a novel, muscle-like drive of high power density with a simple working principle. It consists of a high-quality DC-motor and a highly flexible cord. Rotating the shaft winds up the cord from both sides and forms a double helix structure around the shaft. The resulting cord forces and velocities are comparable to that of human skeletal muscles. Though concept and theory of the DoHelix mechanism are well understood, there is little practical experience with long term behaviour of the muscle, in particular on the wear of the cord under various load situations, velocities and mechanical setups. This paper discusses relevant issues and effects related to this problem and outlines the concept, design and set-up of a long term durability testing facility for the DoHelix-Muscle.

关键词： Kinematics

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Estimating the effort of independent verification and validation in the context of mission-critical software systems - A case study

Estimating the effort of independent verification and valida...

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20th International Conference on Software engineering and Knowledge engineering, SEKE 2008

作者： Nakaoa, Haruka Trendowiczb, Adam Münchb, Jürgen Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation Ibaraki Japan Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781627486620

The ability to generate sufficiently accurate effort estimates can be seen as a key success factor for multi-organizational projects focusing on the development of large and critical software systems. This is caused, for instance, by the need for synchronizing multiple development and verification and validation processes. Paradoxically, effort predictions in the critical software systems domain are still relying on human judgment. This requires much overhead and its reliability depends largely on the expertise and individual preferences of the involved experts. In particular, verification and validation by independent entity (IV&V) needs an estimation method that supports negotiating and managing IV&V costs in the context of sparse measurement data and low availability of domain experts. In order to address these problems, in this paper we propose applying a hybrid effort estimation method called Co-BRA® for estimating effort for IV&V of mission-critical software systems. When applied in an industrial context, CoBRA® improved estimation accuracy and precision by about 40%, on average, compared to experts estimates and OLS regression.

关键词： Estimation

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Predicting defect content and quality assurance effectiveness by combining expert judgment and defect data - A case study

Predicting defect content and quality assurance effectivenes...

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19th International Symposium on Software Reliability engineering, ISSRE 2008

作者： Kläs, Michael Nakao, Haruka Elberzhager, Frank Münch, Jürgen Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Software Engineering Germany Safety and Product Assurance Dept. Japan Manned Space Systems Corporation Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769534053

Planning quality assurance (QA) activities in a systematic way and controlling their execution are challenging tasks for companies that develop software or software-intensive systems. Both require estimation capabilities regarding the effectiveness of the applied QA techniques and the defect content of the checked artifacts. Existing approaches for these purposes need extensive measurement data from historical projects. Due to the fact that many companies do not collect enough data for applying these approaches (especially for the early project lifecycle), they typically base their QA planning and controlling solely on expert opinion. This article presents a hybrid method that combines commonly available measurement data and context-specific expert knowledge. To evaluate the method's applicability and usefulness, we conducted a case study in the context of independent verification and validation activities for critical software in the space domain. A hybrid defect content and effectiveness model was developed for the software requirements analysis phase and evaluated with available legacy data. One major result is that the hybrid model provides improved estimation accuracy when compared to applicable models based solely on data. The mean magnitude of relative error (MMRE) determined by crossvalidation is 29.6% compared to 76.5% obtained by the most accurate data-based model. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Quality assurance

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Function-driven system development with Autosar

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ATZelektronik worldwide 2008年第6期3卷 5-8页

作者： Markus Hardt Martin Große-Rhode Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST Berlin Germany

With the first control units comprising Autosar component software on the road, this article by the fraunhofer institute ISST takes stock, which goals the initiative has already achieved and what is left to do, in order to benefit from the component market thus established. The adaptation of the development processes to Autosar offers a perfect possibility to aim the E / E-systems development at the functions which offer a value to the customer and to place the architecture in the focus while deciding on a design.

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Metalearning: Applications to Data Mining

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2008年

作者： Pavel B Brazdil Christophe G Giraud-Carrier Carlos Soares Ricardo Vilalta

ISBN: (纸本)9783540732624

Metalearning is the study of principled methods that exploit metaknowledge to obtain efficient models and solutions by adapting machine learning and data mining processes. While the variety of machine learning and data mining techniques now available can, in principle, provide good model solutions, a methodology is still needed to guide the search for the most appropriate model in an efficient way. Metalearning provides one such methodology that allows systems to become more effective through experience. This book discusses several approaches to obtaining knowledge concerning the performance of machine learning and data mining algorithms. It shows how this knowledge can be reused to select, combine, compose and adapt both algorithms and models to yield faster, more effective solutions to data mining problems. It can thus help developers improve their algorithms and also develop learning systems that can improve themselves. The book will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in the areas of machine learning, data mining and artificial intelligence.

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Domain-specific Individualization of Workflows

Domain-specific Individualization of Workflows

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第七届网格与协同计算国际会议(Seventh International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing GCC 2008)

作者： Tim Raedisch Norbert Weissenberg Bernhard Holtkamp Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424432806;9780769534497

The virtualization of IT services by using software-as-a-service offers imposes the problem of correct service usage. Often an application level protocol has to be followed to assure logically correct workflows. This paper presents a domain-specific approach for the specification of such application level protocols. A domain ontology is combined with a formal protocol specification language to enable correct usage patterns even for dynamically adapted workflows to support individual needs.

关键词： workflows domain ontologies service protocols business process management logistics

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