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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (QELS)

作者： C.W. Tee K.A. Williams R.V. Penty I.H. White U. Troppenz M. Hamacher H. Heidrich Engineering Department Center for Photonic Systems University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommuniations Heinrich-Hertz-Institut Berlin Germany

We present a novel vertically-coupled active-passive integration architecture that provides an order of magnitude reduction in coupling coefficient variation between misaligned waveguides when compared with a conventi... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557527962

关键词： Optical waveguides Optical device fabrication Coupling circuits High speed optical techniques Integrated optoelectronics Wafer bonding Computer architecture Waveguide theory systems engineering and theory Buildings

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Manipulating biological cells with a micro-robot cluster

Manipulating biological cells with a micro-robot cluster

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2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： F. Tagliareni M. Nierlich O. Steinmetz T. Velten J. Brufau J. Lopez-Sanchez M. Puig-Vidal J. Samitier IBMT-Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering Saint Ingbert Germany SIC-Instrumentation and Communication Systems Lab Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain

Micromanipulation is an appreciated and powerful method to modify biological material. By injecting DNA or specific liquids into a biological cell, designated reactions or behaviors can be provoked. The aim of this paper is to describe three components of a fully automated opticonsisting of a micro-robot cluster with an integrated micro-fluidic SyringeChip. The electronic system, microfluidic Syringe-Chip, and infrared communication are the components that have been built and are ready for integration into a MiCRoN robot. The concept of a biological cell manipulation with the aid of the integrated sub-systems is being presented here. The first injection experiment is done after completion of the MiCRoN robot-cluster.

关键词： Biological cells Biological materials DNA Liquids Biomedical optical imaging Integrated optics Optical devices Microfluidics Optical fiber communication Robotics and automation

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A Digital Control Circuit for a Biomedical Microrobot

A Digital Control Circuit for a Biomedical Microrobot

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing systems: Technology and Applications

作者： R. Casanova A. Dieguez J. Lacort A. Arbat J. Samitier M. Nierlich O. Steinmetz Instrumentation and Communication Systems (SIC) Department of Electronics University Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT Germany

A specific integrated controller for a wireless and autonomous microrobot of 1 cm 3 is presented. The microrobot is equipped with an atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe, a syringe or a gripper to develop cooperative tasks in biological experiences. Its main functionality and the controller design is focused on nanomicroscopy and cellular manipulation. The circuit manages the microrobot locomotion unit and its tools with nanometric resolution.

关键词： Digital control Circuits Atomic force microscopy Communication system control Nanobioscience Instruments Grippers Piezoelectric effect Piezoelectric materials Robots

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Novel regrowth-free vertical active-passive integration scheme with improved fabrication tolerance

Novel regrowth-free vertical active-passive integration sche...

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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, QELS 2005

作者： Tee, C.W. Williams, K.A. Penty, R.V. White, I.H. Troppenz, U. Hamacher, M. Heidrich, H. Centre for Photonic Systems Cambridge University Engineering Department William Gates Building 15 J. J. Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0FD United Kingdom Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommuniations Heinrich-Hertz-Institut Einsteinufer 37 D-10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)1557527709

关键词： Quantum optics

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Discrete-event simulation of transshipment container terminals

Discrete-event simulation of transshipment container termina...

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SICE Annual Conference 2005

作者： Zimmermann, J. Arnold, E. Sawodny, O. Amoss, B. Technische Universität Ilmenau Institute for Automation and Systems Engineering P.O. Box. 100 565 D-98684 Ilmenau Germany Fraunhofer Application Center Systems Technology Am Vogelherd 50 D-98693 Ilmenau Germany Sea Point L.L.C. World Trade Center 2 Canal St. New Orleans LA 70130

Container terminals have to cope with complex demands, which require a suitable terminal layout connected with proper management strategies. This paper introduces a simulation system for terminal layout optimization and operational support. It was applied to the 'Sea Point' container terminal, which represents a new kind of terminal concept. The simulation model, including management modules, is presented. Exemplary simulation results highlight the system characteristics. Furthermore optimal scheduling and equipment control based on schedules is discussed. © 2005 SICE.

关键词： Computer simulation

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System integration in automotive power systems

System integration in automotive power systems

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European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications

作者： M. Gerber M. Marz Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science EWI Faculty Delft Technical University Delft Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute of Integrated Systems and Device Technology Erlangen Germany

System integration is becoming ever more important in the design and implementation of power electronics. In this paper, system integration is considered and a definition is presented. Based on the definition, the interdependence of the electrical, the thermal and the spatial design of a system are considered and identified. These interdependencies provide the means to manipulate a system design so that all the specifications (electrical, thermal and spatial) can be satisfied simultaneously by the system. Two case studies, both automotive in nature are presented to illustrate the system integration concept. The first is an integrated system module implementing a high power density 14 V/42 V DC/DC converter and the second is an integrated drive for hybrid vehicles, both implemented with high temperature cooling. Practical results are presented

关键词： Automotive engineering Power systems Temperature DC-DC power converters Vehicle driving Space technology Prototypes Mathematics Computer science Power electronics

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Pressure sensor capsule to control the treatment of abdominal aorta aneurisms

Pressure sensor capsule to control the treatment of abdomina...

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International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： R. Schlierf M. Gortz T. Schmitz Rode W. Mokwa U. Schnakenberg K. Trieu Inst. of Mater. in Electr. Eng. RWTH Aachen Univ. Aarchen Germany Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering I RWTH Aachen University Germany Institute of Applied Medical Engineering RWTH Aachen University Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Systems Duisburg Germany

This paper describes a new sensor application that provides measuring the pressure in abdominal aorta aneurisms (AAA). Using a foldable prosthesis to treat AAA, leakages can occur. Therefore, we invented a batteryless telemetric pressure monitoring system for the detection of these leakages. The system consists of an implantable capsule and an external reader station. A capacitive pressure sensor and a ferrite based micro coil is integrated in the capsule. First in-vitro tests show a transmission range of up to 120 mm.

关键词： Pressure control Abdomen Aneurysm Sensor phenomena and characterization Pressure measurement Prosthetics Telemetry Monitoring Leak detection Capacitive sensors

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A methodological approach relating the classification of gesture to identification of human intent in the context of human-robot interaction

A methodological approach relating the classification of ges...

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： C.L. Nehaniv K. Dautenhahn J. Kubacki M. Haegele C. Parlitz R. Alami Adaptive Systems Research Group School of Computer Science University of Herfordshire Hatfield Hertfordshire UK Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation Stuttgart Germany Robotics & Artificial Intelligence Group LAAS CNRS Toulouse France

In order to infer intent from gesture, a broad classification of types of gestures into five main classes is introduced. The classification is intended as a generally applicable basis for incorporating the understanding of gesture into human-robot interaction (HRI). Examples from human-robot interaction show the need to take into account not only the kinematics of gesture, but also the interactional context. Requirements for the operational classification of gesture by a robot interacting with humans are suggested and initial steps in its deployment are discussed.

关键词： Human robot interaction Intelligent robots Cognitive robotics Manufacturing automation Robotics and automation Human computer interaction Adaptive systems Computer science Educational institutions Computer aided manufacturing

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MICRON: Small Autonomous Robot for Cell Manipulation Applications

MICRON: Small Autonomous Robot for Cell Manipulation Applica...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： J. Brufau M. Puig-Vidal J. Lopez-Sanchez J. Samitier N. Snis U. Simu S. Johansson W. Driesen J.-M. Breguet J. Gao T. Velten J. Seyfried R. Estana H. Woern Instrumentation and Communication Systems Laboratory Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Laboratoir de Systèmes Robotiques Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Switzerland Department of Engineering Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Fraunhofer Institute of Biomedical Engineering Saint Ingbert Germany Inst. for Process Control and Robotics Universität Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany

Manipulating in the micro- or even nano world still poses a great challenge to robotics. Conventional (stationary) systems suffer from drawbacks regarding integration into process supervision and multi-robot approaches, which become highly relevant to fight scaling effects. This paper describes work currently being carried out which aims to make automated manipulation of micrometer-scaled objects possible by robots with nanometer precision. The goal is to establish a small cluster of (up to five) micro robots equipped with on-board electronics, sensors and wireless power supply. Power autonomy has been reached using inductive energy transmission from an external wireless power supply system or a battery based system. Electronics requirements are fulfilled in the electronic module with the full custom integrated circuit design for the robot locomotion control and the closed loop force control for AFM tool in cell manipulation applications. The maximum velocity obtained is about 0.4 mm/s with a saw tooth voltage signals of 20Vpp and 2500 Hz. In order to keep a AFM tool on micro-robot a specific tip with integrated piezoresistance, instead of the classical laser beam methodology, is validated for force measurement.

关键词： Robotics and automation Robot sensing systems Wireless sensor networks Power supplies Force control Batteries Application specific integrated circuits Robot control Teeth Voltage

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Ablation of metals with picosecond laser pulses: Evidence of long-lived nonequilibrium conditions at the surface

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Physical Review B 2005年第17期71卷 174405-174405页

作者： E. G. Gamaly N. R. Madsen M. Duering A. V. Rode V. Z. Kolev B. Luther-Davies Laser Physics Centre Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Centre for Ultra-high Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technique Steinbachstrasse 15 D-52074 Aachen Germany

We report here experimental results on laser ablation of metals in air and in vacuum in similar irradiation conditions. The experiments revealed that the ablation thresholds in air are less than half those measured in vacuum. Our analysis shows that this difference is caused by the existence of a long-lived transient nonequilibrium surface state at the solid-vacuum interface. The energy distribution of atoms at the surface is Maxwellian-like but with its high-energy tail truncated at the binding energy. We find that in vacuum the time needed for energy transfer from the bulk to the surface layer to build the high-energy tail, exceeds other characteristic timescales such as the electron-ion temperature equilibration time and surface cooling time. This prohibits thermal evaporation in vacuum for which the high-energy tail is essential. In air, however, collisions between the gas atoms and the surface markedly reduce the lifetime of this nonequilibrium surface state allowing thermal evaporation to proceed before the surface cools. We find, therefore, that the threshold in vacuum corresponds to nonequilibrium ablation during the pulse, while thermal evaporation after the pulse is responsible for the lower ablation threshold observed in air. This paper provides direct experimental evidence of how the transient surface effects may strongly affect the onset and rate of a solid-gas phase transition.

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