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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ouf, Josselin Luo, Wen Khaledi, Kavan Jalali, Mohammadreza Vardon, Philip J. Amann, Florian Chair of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology RWTH Aachen Aachen52064 Germany Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CN Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Infrastructures and Geothermal Systems Aachen52062 Germany

This study presents a thermo-hydro-mechanical framework to model hydrothermal systems within a simplified faulted synthetic reservoir, replicating current production scenarios in the Netherlands and Germany. The reservoir, consisting of porous and permeable sandstone, undergoes a process where cold water is injected and hot water is extracted. A fault, situated 750 meters from the injection well, is investigated to examine the conditions when fault slip could occur. Various fault and formation stiffnesses are modeled to assess their impact on fault stability. Our analysis reveals that stress changes induced by hydrothermal operations can lead to fault reactivation, with the stiffness contrast between the reservoir and confining layers playing a significant role in when and where fault reactivation can occur. Stiffer confining layers result in reactivation being more closely associated with the passing of the cooling front, whereas a stiffer reservoir results in higher and more progressive stress changes and therefore reactivation being linked with the total cooled rock volume. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Injection (oil wells)

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Potassium tantalate-niobate for electro-optically driven adiabatic frequency conversion

Potassium tantalate-niobate for electro-optically driven adi...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and European Quantum Electronics Conference, CLEO/Europe-EQEC 2023

作者： Mrokon, Alexander Kirste, Lutz Buse, Karsten Breunig, Ingo Laboratory for Optical Systems Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 102 Freiburg79110 Germany Tullastrasse 72 Freiburg79108 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM Georges-Köhler-Allee 301 Freiburg79110 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345995

Many laser frequencies can be accessed by optical frequency conversion only, making the technology essential for a wide range of applications in, e.g., quantum optics and metrology. In most cases, nonlinear-optical effects are employed for changing the frequency of laser light. Here, high light intensities are needed and phase-matching must be observed. However, with adiabatic frequency conversion (AFC) we can work at the single-photon level and phase matching does not play a role. Here, the frequency of light is shifted by changing the optical length of an optical resonator. The frequency of the intracavity light follows the eigenfrequency changes, as long as they occur on a timescale smaller than the resonator's decay time [1,2]. In a very convenient scheme, the eigenfrequency is varied by the linear or quadratic electro-optic effect. By using a high-quality bulk or on-chip lithium niobate (LN) microresonator, AFC in the range of 10 GHz was achieved [3,4]. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Resonators

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Potentials and Barriers of the Metaverse for Circular Economy

Potentials and Barriers of the Metaverse for Circular Econom...

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Julia Kunert Hendrik van der Valk Hannah Scheerer Christoph Hoppe Chair for Industrial Inform. Management TU Dortmund University Dortmund NRW Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering ISST Dortmund NRW Germany Dept. of Industrial Manufacturing Fraunhofer ISST Dortmund NRW Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798331534202

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534219

Sustainability is a challenge for society that circular economy tries to tackle. The metaverse, as an emerging technology that incorporates digital twins and simulation in an immersive virtual environment, has not been thoroughly investigated in connection to circular economy. Thus, the purpose of this study is to summarize the potentials and barriers of the use of the metaverse for circular economy. By conducting a structured literature review, this paper categorizes the findings into dimensions that are important for both the metaverse and circular economy. A variety of potentials and barriers that cover different perspectives important for businesses aiming to comply with circular economy principles is discovered. The findings include potentials and barriers in several areas, like the access to the metaverse, connected costs, data, knowledge transfer, collaboration, innovation, product design, production planning, training of employees, and transportation. The results can be used to promote the implementation of circular economy principles.

关键词： Training Technological innovation Costs Metaverse Transportation Collaboration Product design Sustainable development Business Systematic literature review

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Global Sensitivity Analysis Based Method for Distributed Voltage Control Performance Study

Global Sensitivity Analysis Based Method for Distributed Vol...

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International Conference on Smart Energy systems and Technologies (SEST)

作者： Edoardo De Din Mirko Ginocchi Ferdinanda Ponci Antonello Monti Andrea Benigni IEK-10 Energy Systems Engineering Forschungszentrum Jülich Julich Germany Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Center for Digital Energy Fraunhofer FIT Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350386493

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386509

Various sources of uncertainty can jeopardize the performance of control algorithms when practically implemented in power systems. This paper proposes a novel and replicable method based on variance-based sensitivity analysis (SA) to effectively assess the performance of control algorithms. It overcomes the limitations of traditional SA, it can deal with dynamic and iterative algorithms under uncertainty, and it is computationally cheap. The method is applied to study the performance of a Docker container-based distributed voltage control algorithm affected by noisy measurements, uncertain line parameters, and asynchronism. The test results show the relevance of measurements' uncertainty, the robustness to line parameter errors of the control algorithm, and the importance of duly investigating the asynchronous implementation thereof.

关键词： Performance evaluation Measurement errors Uncertainty Sensitivity analysis Heuristic algorithms Measurement uncertainty Power system dynamics Control systems Robustness Voltage control

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The Need for Smart Shop Floor Management in the Automotive Industry: Potentials, Challenges and Requirements

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Procedia Computer Science 2025年 253卷 403-414页

作者： Janika Kutz Altus Viljoen Maximilian Feike Leonard Przybilla Jakob Guhl Jens Neuhüttler Helmut Krcmar Fraunhofer IAO Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO 74076 Heilbronn Germany Informatik 17 - Information Systems and Business Process Management (Krcmar Lab) Technical University of Munich i17 Boltzmannstraße 3 85748 Garching b. München Bauhaus-University Weimar 99423 Weimar Germany

Industry 4.0 and the accompanying digital transformation of the modern-day factory have led to various advances in manufacturing. Shop floor management (SFM) – a core instrument of production management – has to align with these digital advances as well. However, due to SFM’s strong human-centric roots and manufacturers predominantly conducting SFM through analog means, it raises the question of what sort of digital support should be used for SFM and what specifications should be included in digital SFM systems. This study, consisting of a case study comprising semi-structured interviews and on-site inspections at a large original equipment manufacturer (OEM), provides concrete requirements for digitally-supported SFM derived from practice. We investigated which elements from analog SFM should be retained and where possible improvements through digital support exist. Moreover, we identified definitive improvement potentials such as the aggregation of data sources, as well as the preparation, performance, and documentation of shop floor meetings without disruptions in information flows. We conclude that digital transformation in the SFM context neither implies the mere introduction of software to solve specific problems, nor the full automation of SFM processes through digital solutions (what we call “digital” SFM). Rather, we highlight the importance of “smart SFM”: the adoption of sociotechnical systems in which SFM’s traditional social characteristics are maintained but are simultaneously sensibly augmented with digital solutions to improve SFM processes.

关键词： Shop Floor Management Digital transformation Automotive Industry Digitalization

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Data spaces as enablers for sustainability

Data spaces as enablers for sustainability

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2023 Designing Futures: Zukunfte gestalten, INFORMATIK 2023 - 2023 Designing Futures: Shaping the Future, INFORMATIK 2023

作者： Hoppe, Christoph Schmelzer, Robert Möller, Frederik Schoormann, Thorsten Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Industrial Manufacturing Speicherstraße 6 Dortmund44147 Germany Technische Universität Chemnitz Business Informatics Straße der Nationen 62 Chemnitz09111 Germany Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute for Business Informatics Rebenring 58a Braunschweig38106 Germany Universität Hildesheim Department for Information Systems Samelsonplatz Hildesheim31141 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885797319

One of our society's most fundamental challenges is promoting sustainable development. Data sharing across organizations is one way to spur innovation and address the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through optimizing resource utilization, fostering circular supply chains, and producing accurate information about CO2 emissions. However, organizations often hesitate to share data given a range of concerns, including the fear of data misappropriation or the lack of control over what others do with their data. Data spaces as a novel artifact seek to tackle these issues by providing an integrated data management approach upholding data sovereignty. These spaces can boost sustainable development by being a secure and trusted digital infrastructure for organizations to share data for sustainable purposes. To disclose how this digital solution fosters sustainability, we present a set of 65 potentials of data spaces along with the dimensions of ecological, economic, and social sustainability. © 2023 Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI). All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainable development

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Extracting contact recombination from FFT-filtered photoluminescence imaging of half-metallised silicon solar cells

EES Solar

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EES Solar 2025年第1期1卷 89-98页

作者： Yifu Shi David N. R. Payne Andreas Fell Cyril Leon Tim Niewelt Edris Khorani Peter R. Wilshaw John D. Murphy Kuninori Okamoto Ruy S. Bonilla Department of Materials University of Oxford Oxford UK School of Engineering Macquarie University NSW 2109 Australia Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE Freiburg Germany AF Simulations GmbH March Germany School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry UK Changzhou Fusion New Material Co Ltd Changzhou China

In high-performance Si solar cells, recombination at the metal-silicon interface has become the major remaining barrier to reaching the theoretical power conversion efficiency limit. Efficient and practical assessment of metal-associated recombination is crucial for understanding and mitigating these losses. This study presents a photoluminescence imaging-based method for evaluating the metal contact recombination current (J_0,c) of rear TOPCon metallisation. The proposed method is based on the Fourier analysis of the periodic pattern corresponding to the metal fingers on samples. This requires no specially designed metallisation geometries. Noise normalisation and bandpass filtering in k-space are used to suppress noise and preserve the metal contrast signal. Numerical device simulations are used to establish the relation between contact recombination levels and the resulting metal contrasts in photoluminescence images. Testing this technique using data from samples made with two different metallisation pastes demonstrates the differences in contact recombination J_0,c values, showing the practical application of the technique. Experimental conditions, including PL illumination and camera resolution, are discussed to determine their influence on the efficacy of the proposed method. This Fourier analysis-based J_0,c determination method is well-suited for industrial finger grid metallisation and has the potential to enable seamless contact characterisation for PV manufacturing.

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Ip-DFT Based on Polynomial Interpolation and Newton-Raphson: A Multifrequency Estimation Alternative for Zero-Padding and Window Function Independence

Ip-DFT Based on Polynomial Interpolation and Newton-Raphson:...

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IEEE International Workshop on Applied Measurements for Power systems (AMPS)

作者： Cesar Cazal Luca Tari Mirko Ginocchi Ferdinanda Ponci Antonello Monti Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Cassino and Southern Lazio Cassino Italy Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems RWTH Aachen University Fraunhofer FIT Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350375312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375329

The need for Zero-Padding alternatives for implementing the FFT technique with the ipDFT algorithm has received few citations in the literature. In the present work, we adapted the ipDFT problem to reflect the influence of Zeroes-Padded after the window function and proposed a practical approach to solve the problem adapted and fit to any window function adopted, with the help of the Lagrange Polynomial Interpolation technique and Newton-Raphson method. Finally, we present here the results of the current approach to the classical ipDFT technique (associated with the solution for Hann Window), as well as the application of the interpolated DFT method with two other window functions to serve as examples of the existing possibilities behind the solution proposed by the current work.

关键词： Interpolation Time-frequency analysis Power measurement Phase estimation Estimation Polynomials Frequency estimation Power systems Time-domain analysis Newton method

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Simulation-based Optimization of Flexible Energy systems in Manufacturing with Local Energy Production and Storage Components

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 120卷 434-439页

作者： Johannes Breitschopf Thomas Sobottka Gabriela Zabik Fazel Ansari Fraunhofer Austria Research GmbH Theresianumgasse 7 1040 Wien Austria TU Wien Institute of Management Science Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering 1040 Vienna Austria TU Wien Institute for Energy Systems and Thermodynamics Getreidemarkt 9/BA 1060 Wien Austria

This paper introduces a simulation-based planning method that metaheuristically optimizes production planning and the control of components of a flexible energy system for energy intensive production. Significantly increasing energy efficiency and energy flexibility are key requirements and success factors, especially for energy-intensive manufacturers, amid rising energy prices, volatility, and the overall need to reduce the energy and pollution footprint. The considerable potential for an optimized integrated planning and control of production and energy system components remains unexhausted, due to the underlying planning complexity, combined with a lack of available planning methods. This paper aims to introduce a novel planning approach that provides an automated integrated planning functionality to improve energy efficiency and flexibility alongside production goals. The method considers fluctuating short-term energy markets as well as local hydrogen-based energy storage components. Both method development and evaluation are based on a case study in energy-intensive steel production. The achieved results show a significant benefit from the developed dynamic planning and optimization for different variables particularly in two different heat-treatment process technologies.

关键词： flexible energy systems simulation-based optimization metaheuristics sustainable production production planning and control

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An 8 bit to 12 bit Resolution Programmable 5 MSample/s Current Steering Digital-to-Analog Converter in a 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS Technology 4

An 8 bit to 12 bit Resolution Programmable 5 MSample/s Curre...

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4th International Conference on Circuits, systems and Simulation, ICCSS 2021

作者： Koh, Jeongwook Venkatesha, Shishira S. Rao, Sunil S. Jotschke, Marcel Lienig, Jens Reich, Torsten Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS Division Engineering of Adaptive Systems EAS Dresden Germany Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728167527

We present a 5 MSample/s current steering digital-to-analog converter which has a programmable resolution between 8 bit, 10 bit and 12 bit. A selectable 2-D unary matrix architecture and a resolution programmable decoder are proposed for the resolution programmability. The proposed current steering digital-to-analog converter is implemented in a 22 nm FD-SOI (Fully Depleted Silicon-on-Insulator) CMOS technology. The simulation verifications of the CS-DAC at three resolution modes are made. The maximum DNL of 0.06 LSB is obtained at 8 bit resolution modes, and the maximum INL (Integral Non-Linearity) of 0.53 LSB is obtained at 12 bit resolution modes. The minimum SFDR (Spurious-Free Dynamic Range) of 47.93 dBc is obtained at 8 bit resolution mode. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Silicon on insulator technology

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