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Industrialization of PEM electrolyzer production: Development of a digital image as a tool for energy system planning

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2024年

作者： Mandry, Nicolas Speckmann, Friedrich-Wilhelm Birke, Kai Peter Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Nobelstrasse 12 Stuttgart70569 Germany University of Stuttgart Institute for Energy Efficiency in Production Nobelstrasse 12 Stuttgart70569 Germany University of Stuttgart Institute for Photovoltaics Chair for Electrical Energy Storage Systems Pfaffenwaldring 47 Stuttgart70569 Germany

The European Union's energy system is to be decarbonized with the help of green hydrogen, among other technologies. This requires a significant reduction in the manufacturing costs of PEM electrolyzers. Achieving this goal requires industrialization of PEM electrolyzer production, which is currently still manufactory like, while simultaneously ensuring energy-efficient production. While previous literature has focused on the automated manufacturing process of PEM electrolysis stacks, this paper addresses the issue of energy efficiency in series manufacturing. It describes the structure of a digital image of a stack factory and offers solutions for energy system planning based on simulation results. This digital image serves as an innovative tool for plant expansion and modification planning. Our findings suggest that using digital images facilitates the identification of energy drivers, enables flexible energy consumption, and provides concepts for decentralized energy supply, thereby marking an essential step towards sustainable and cost-effective series production. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Green manufacturing

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Simulation-based optimization as a method for dealing with complexity in energy system modeling

Research Square

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Research Square 2024年

作者： Jürgens, Patrick Müller, Paul Brandhuber, Fritz Kost, Christoph Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE Heidenhofstraße 2 Freiburg79110 Germany Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering INATECH Emmy-Noether-Straße 2 Freiburg79110 Germany

To reflect the complexity of the energy transition, a current challenge in modeling national energy transition pathways is to combine high resolution in time, space, techno-economic and sector coupling details in a single model. To address this challenge, the paper discusses the simulation-based optimization approach used in the energy system model REMod as an alternative to linear optimization. The REMod model uses a simulation of the energy system coupled with a black-box optimization algorithm to optimize the transformation path. To limit the computational complexity, taking into account the hourly operation of the energy system along the whole transformation path, various aspects have to be considered: performance of the simulation, choice of the optimization algorithm and selection of the termination criterion and population size. The model employs a novel method of endogenous interpolation to incorporate the entire transformation path into the objective function, and it can be evaluated in parallel. This allows to increase the complexity both in technological details and in geographical resolution, leading to a model with high resolution both in sector coupling and technological details, as well as in time and space. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Analysis of the criteria for comparing systems engineering and agile methods

Analysis of the criteria for comparing Systems Engineering a...

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IEEE International Symposium on systems engineering (ISSE)

作者： Lynn Humpert Enrik Mundt Lukas Bretz Harald Anacker dept. of Systems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for mechatronic system design Paderborn Germany dept. of Systems Engineering Miele & Cie. KG Gütersloh Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481830

Increasingly complex products and the resulting need for interdisciplinary development are challenges that should be focused on to ensure a company's competitiveness. Based on this, the development of new products and technologies related to for example sustainability and digitalization requires new approaches. Given this background, agile methods and systems engineering (SE) are experiencing great popularity. While there are first combined approaches, the fundamental differences and similarities between Agile and SE have not yet been adequately illuminated. To analyze these trends and tackle the challenges, the aim of this paper is to enable a qualified comparison of SE and agile methods. Therefore, we examine criteria to compare Agile and systems engineering approaches. First, a definition and discussion of both systems engineering and agile product development is given. An analysis of the literature has shown that a complete set of relevant comparison criteria between the two approaches does not exist. Therefore, a complete set of comparison criteria has been formed from the literature and the experience of experts. Ultimately, the criteria proposed in this paper create a basis for a subsequent comparison.

关键词： Conferences Companies systems engineering and theory Market research Product development Sustainable development

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Solid-State Dewetting of Thin AU Films for Surface Functionalization of Biomedical Implants

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sharipova, Aliya Zlotver, Ivan Sosnik, Alejandro Rabkin, Eugen Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa3200003 Israel Department of Bio- and Nanotechnology Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Dresden01277 Germany

Biomaterial-centered infections of orthopedic implants remain a significant burden in the healthcare system due to a sedentary lifestyle and an aging population. One approach to combat infections and improve implant osteointegration is functionalizing the implant surface with anti-infective and osteo-inductive agents. In this framework, Au nanoparticles are produced on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V medical alloy by solid-state dewetting of 5 nm Au film and used as the substrate for the conjugation of a model antibiotic vancomycin via a mono-thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) linker. Produced Au nanoparticles on Ti-6Al-4V surface are equiaxed with mean diameter ~20 nm, which is shown by high-resolution scanning microscopy. The conjugation of the antibiotic vancomycin, ~10-15 nm film, is confirmed by high resolution-scanning transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Overall, our results demonstrate the simplicity, versatility, and modularity of the proposed method for functionalization of implant surfaces. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Integrating Multiple Knowledge-based Automation Methodologies into the A/MS IC Design Flow

Integrating Multiple Knowledge-based Automation Methodologie...

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International Conference on Synthesis, Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Methods and Applications to Circuit Design (SMACD)

作者： Benjamin Prautsch Ralf Sommer Jürgen Scheible Uwe Eichler Lorenz Renner Till Moldenhauer Matthias Schweikardt Yannick Uhlmann Division Engineering of Adaptive Systems Institute for Integrated Circuits Fraunhofer IIS/EAS Dresden Germany Ilmenau University of Technology & IMMS GmbH Ilmenau Germany Electronics & Drives Reutlingen University Reutlingen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350351927

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351934

Analog and mixed-signal (A/MS) IC design is still a largely manual process. It lags far behind its digital counterpart were synthesis methods automate many key design steps. This advantage in digital roots from the possibility of a high degree of abstraction with manageable information loss from which a highly systematic digital flow arose. Not only does it incorporate automation throughout, but it also links the individual flow steps by well-defined interfaces. In analog, to the contrary, both a comparable flow approach and automation is largely missing. Even though key design steps, such as schematic and layout, are meanwhile linked well, other important steps, like breaking down a specification to a suitable topology, are not yet in place. Therefore, design teams develop individual design approaches in order to handle the complexity of analog design all the way from specification to layout. A major challenge is the lack of reproducibility, which roots from the lack of expert knowledge stored in the design data. Thus, in this tutorial paper, we address the shortcomings of the A/MS design flow and discuss how knowledge-based automaton methods can both systematize and automate key design steps. Also, we discuss how the steps can be linked together in order to form a systematic design flow. Our proposed A/MS IC design design flow considers automation from specification over schematic level to the layout level.

关键词： Automation Systematics Layout Knowledge based systems Tutorials Manuals Reproducibility of results Topology Complexity theory Integrated circuit modeling

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Towards Tolerating Soft Errors for Embedded systems

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SN Computer Science 2021年第2期2卷 101页

作者： Sadi, Muhammad Sheikh Ahmed, Waseem Jürjens, Jan Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Khulna Bangladesh Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia IST/ISST University of Koblenz-Landau and Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Koblenz/Dortmund Germany

Exponential growth in the number of transistors for each chip along with increasing clock frequencies and operational voltages and decreasing load capacitance are aggravating the possibility of occurrence of soft errors in embedded systems. Transistors on current chips have components separated by only a few hundred atoms;hence, a small voltage glitch can alter the state of the transistor, thus causing soft errors in the systems. The impact will be a matter of great concern when the line widths will shrink further. These complicated linkages among the components in chips directly affect the reliability of embedded systems and cause them to be sensitive to soft errors. The common approach to address such errors is focused on post-design phases that are complex and costly to implement. However, reliability, which is a vital non-functional attribute of a system, should be validated at the design phase, particularly for critical systems. This paper proposes an efficient approach to measure and minimize the potential threats of soft errors for embedded systems in the early design phase of system-level design. The methodology is validated against a system model that must have high reliability. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Criticality analysis Embedded systems Heuristic metrics Reliability risks Soft errors

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Quantifying Human Upper Limb Stiffness Responses Based on a Computationally Efficient Neuromusculoskeletal Arm Model

Quantifying Human Upper Limb Stiffness Responses Based on a ...

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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Maria Sapounaki Pierre Schumacher Winfried Ilg Martin Giese Christophe Maufroy Andreas Bulling Syn Schmitt Daniel F.B. Haeufle Isabell Wochner Institute of Computer Engineering (ZITI) Heidelberg University Germany Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Werner Reichard Centre for Integrative Neuroscience University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany Institut for Industrial Manufacturing and Management (IFF) University of Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA) Germany Institute for Visualization and Interactive Systems University of Stuttgart Germany Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems University of Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350386523

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386530

Activities of daily living such as drinking and eating can be severely impaired for patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases. One promising solution are assistive devices that apply corrective forces while still allowing the intended movements. However, real-time estimation of the required forces requires a detailed understanding of the limb's impedance characteristics. Here, we test and validate the stiffness response of a computationally efficient neuro-musculoskeletal arm model and its response to various force perturbations. We demonstrate that the arm model predicts stiffness characteristics that closely match experimental data recorded from humans and presents real-time applicability, allowing for implementation in practical scenarios and. Additionally, we predict the stiffness response for novel force levels and arm configurations. In the future, these predictions could be used to estimate corrective forces for assistive devices in real-time.

关键词： Computational modeling Perturbation methods Force Estimation Predictive models Manipulators Real-time systems Computational efficiency Assistive devices Impedance

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Teleoperation of an Industrial Robot using Public Networks and 5G SA Campus Networks

Teleoperation of an Industrial Robot using Public Networks a...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotic Computing (IRC)

作者： Jannik Rohde Olga Meyer Quy Luu Duc Christoph Jürgenhake Talib Sankal Roman Dumitrescu Robert H. Schmitt Competence Center DigITools for Production Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Stuttgart Germany Systems Engineering Fraunhofer Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design IEM Paderborn Germany Digital Infrastructures Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology IPT Aachen Germany Heinz Nixdorf Institute University of Paderborn Paderborn Germany Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL of RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472616

The next generation of cellular mobile communication standard 5G is considered to have more stable and secure communication links, low latency and higher flexibility which can be enablers for various new scenarios and applications. Teleoperation is the field that can benefit greatly from 5G technology. Demanding and mission-critical use cases such as telesurgery have challenging requirements like low latency and high reliability of the communication channel, which can be possibly met by 5G in the future. This work presents a 5G architecture for the teleoperation of an industrial robot over long distance. For this purpose three fraunhofer institutes were connected over public internet and 5G campus networks. Furthermore, this work describes the latency performance of the investigated teleoperation use case. The measurements in the experiment are performed with two 5G standalone (SA) networks and an edge cloud.

关键词： Cloud computing 5G mobile communication Service robots Mission critical systems Computer architecture Communication channels Reliability

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Characterization of Two-Photon Polymerization 3D Printing Materials for Acoustic Matching Layer and Lens Fabrication

Characterization of Two-Photon Polymerization 3D Printing Ma...

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IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics (ISAF)

作者： Tönnis Trittler Anna Luisa Recknagel Susan Walter Severin Schweiger Robert Kirchner Sören Köble Julian Kober Jochen Hampe Gerhard Fettweis Henning Heuer Moritz Herzog Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Digital Health TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems Dresden Germany HETEROMERGE GmbH Dresden Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems TU Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350371901

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371918

The emerging technology of two-photon polymerization (TPP) lithography may be employed in the construction of acoustic metamaterials. The literature does not yet report the acoustic material parameters that are needed for the design. Accordingly, the elastic and acoustic material properties of the photoresist IP-Q were investigated through the use of scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and nanoindentation (NI). The specific acoustic impedance was determined to be approximately 3.5 MRayl. Modifications to the process parameters allow for precise adjustments to the acoustic characteristics. The suitability of the method for the creation of metamaterials was investigated using two-phase samples.

关键词： Microscopy Lithography Resists Acoustic materials Three-dimensional printing Acoustics Metamaterials Polymers Impedance Lenses

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A Flexible Digital Twin Framework for ATMP Production – Towards an efficient CAR T Cell Manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 125卷 124-129页

作者： Arber Shoshi Yuchen Xia Andrea Fieschi Thomas Ackermann Peter Reimann Michael Weyrich Bernhard Mitschang Thomas Bauernhansl Robert Miehe Graduate School of Excellence advanced Manufacturing Engineering (GSaME) University of Stuttgart Nobelstraße 12 70569 Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA) Nobelstraße 12 70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Industrial Automation and Software Engineering (IAS) University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 47 70550 Stuttgart Germany Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems (IPVS) University of Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Industrial Manufacturing and Management University of Stuttgart Allmandring 35 70569 Stuttgart Germany

This paper presents a flexible digital twin framework tailored for the biomanufacturing of advanced therapeutic medicinal products (ATMPs), particularly focusing on chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T cell) therapy. CAR T cell therapies face significant challenges in the management of their personalized and complex biomanufacturing processes. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel software framework for a digital twin system aimed at digitalizing, monitoring, and managing the physical production processes. The framework has a hierarchical architecture that methodically organizes production into distinct abstraction levels: processes, tasks and skills, and microservices. This layered architecture simplifies the modeling of complex biomanufacturing production and ensures that each component can be individually updated without disrupting the overall system. Furthermore, the digital twin framework integrates both manual and automated operations within a unified system, accommodating varied requirements of diverse tasks in production. The framework’s flexibility enables easier adaptation to dynamic technological advancements and allows for swift modifications in production processes, making it a sustainable and resilient digitalization infrastructure for ATMP manufacturing.

关键词： ditgital twin ATMP CAR T cell production flexible software framework skill modeling

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