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14th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing engineering, CIRP ICME 2020

作者： Singh, Soumya Weeber, Max Birke, Kai-Peter Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Nobelstrasse 12 Stuttgart70569 Germany Electrical Energy Storage Systems Institute for Photovoltaics Pfaffenwaldring 47 Stuttgart70569 Germany

The concept of Digital Twin is becoming increasingly relevant for the realization of Industry 4.0. Digital Twin has the capability to optimize the product lifecycle stages and support the industries for intelligent decision-making and cost-effective business solutions. As a trending topic, a wide range of literature and a number of implementation approaches have been designed and developed. However, most of the existing implementations do not fully meet the scope and requirements defined for a digital twin, mainly due to lack of consensus about the properties of a digital twin and its corresponding components. To fill this gap, this paper presents a toolbox for realizing a Digital Twin in domain-specific applications by enhancing the associated modelling and simulation practices. The approach is illustrated by implementing the digital twin of a battery system in a robotic minicar. © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Decision making

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Comparing the Impact of Electric Vehicles on Urban and Insular Networks

Comparing the Impact of Electric Vehicles on Urban and Insul...

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Blockchain for Renewables Integration (BLORIN), Workshop on

作者： Qais Ali Maria Luisa Di Silvestre Pio Alessandro Lombardi Salvatore Mastrosimone Eleonora Riva Sanseverino Gaetano Zizzo Engineering Department University of Palermo Palermo Italy Fraunhofer Institute IFF Energy systems and infrastructures Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665472500

Transport sector is moving towards clean and green transportation with the growing market of electric vehicles globally. Electric vehicles are independent fossil fuels consumption, but the massive adoption of electric vehicles soon can lead to a significant burden on the power distribution networks. In this paper, a study on the potential impact of electric vehicles on the power distribution networks of two different regions with totally different realities of population density, an average number of cars per inhabitant, and travel habits has been carried out. The first region is the island of Favignana having an insular power distribution network, while the other region, the city of Palermo has a grid-connected power distribution network with eight substations. The load profiles of these two regions have been analyzed in detail with future scenarios of 10, 20, and 50 % penetration levels of electric vehicles. The Monte Carlo method having the capability of generating data on the behavior of car owners with consideration of different scenarios has been used, utilizing MATLAB software. The simulation results indicate that the high penetration levels of electric vehicles in the future will lead to high peak load demands and these results will be more severe for the regions having high population densities, a high average of cars per inhabitant, and long driving distances.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Substations Simulation Urban areas Sociology Electric vehicles Software

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Evolution of the 5G New Radio Two-Step Random Access towards 6G Unsourced MAC

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Agostini, Patrick Chamberland, Jean-Francois Clazzer, Federico Dommel, Johannes Liva, Gianluigi Munari, Andrea Narayanan, Krishna Polyanskiy, Yury Stanczak, Slawomir Utkovski, Zoran Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institute Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University United States Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States German Aerospace Center DLR Germany

This report summarizes some considerations on possible evolutions of grant-free random access in the next generation of the 3GPP wireless cellular standard. The analysis is carried out by mapping the problem to the recently-introduced unsourced multiple access channel (UMAC) setup. By doing so, the performance of existing solutions can be benchmarked with information-theoretic bounds, assessing the potential gains that can be achieved over legacy 3GPP schemes. The study focuses on the two-step random access (2SRA) protocol introduced by Release 16 of the 5G New Radio standard, investigating its applicability to support large MTC / IoT terminal populations in a grant-free fashion. The analysis shows that the existing 2SRA scheme may not succeed in providing energy-efficient support to large user populations. Modifications to the protocol are proposed that enable remarkable gains in both energy and spectral efficiency while retaining a strong resemblance to the legacy protocol. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Spectrum efficiency

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Supporting analog design for reliability by efficient provision of reliability information to designers

Supporting analog design for reliability by efficient provis...

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IEEE Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits and systems (DDECS)

作者： Fabio A. Velarde Gonzalez Lukas Hahne Katrin Ortstein André Lange Sonja Crocoll Division Engineering of Adaptive Systems EAS Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS Dresden Germany X-FAB Dresden GmbH & Co. KG Dresden Germany

Multiple degradation mechanisms limit the lifetime of integrated circuits (ICs). Different aspects can be tackled with Design for Reliability approaches already during circuit design to avoid serious implications of degradation for ICs in the field. For example, aging simulations can be performed to investigate the impact of the degradation of integrated transistors onto circuit performance. Since these simulations cause a significant verification effort, we work on approaches to efficiently feed reliability information back to circuit designers. This article discusses these approaches with their application scenarios and benefits.

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Detection of dispersion-related pulse-duration changes with attosecond precision

Detection of dispersion-related pulse-duration changes with ...

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2024 High Intensity Lasers and High Field Phenomena, HILAS 2024 - Part of Optica High-Brightness Sources and Light-Driven Interactions Congress

作者： Klenke, A. Margraf, J. Segbers, M. Eidam, T. Limpert, J. Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Albert-Einstein-Straße 15 Jena07745 Germany Helmholtz-Institute Jena Froebelstieg 3 Jena07743 Germany GSI Helmholtzzentrum for Heavy Ion Research Planckstraße 1 Darmstadt64291 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering Albert-Einstein-Straße 7 Jena07745 Germany Active Fiber Systems GmbH Ernst-Ruska-Ring 17 Jena07745 Germany

We present a simple setup to detect dispersion related pulse duration fluctuations in an ultrafast laser system. By applying pre-chirping of the pulses in combination with spectral-broadening a measurement signal can be generated at the repetition rate of the laser that allows to detect these changes with precision of 200 attoseconds. © Optica 2024, © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Pulse repetition rate

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A Standardized Description Model for Predictive Maintenance Use Cases

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 118卷 122-127页

作者： Yannic Wolf Lennard Sielaff Dominik Lucke Chair of Transportation Systems Engineering Technical University of Munich Arcisstraße 21 80333 Munich Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Nobelstraße 12 70569 Stuttgart Germany Hochschule Reutlingen ESB Business School Alteburgstraße 150 72762 Reutlingen Germany

Using predictive maintenance, more efficient processes can be implemented, leading to fewer maintenance costs and increased availability. The development of a predictive maintenance solution currently requires high efforts in time and capacity as well as often interdisciplinary cooperation. This paper presents a standardized model to describe a predictive maintenance use case. The description model is used to collect, present, and document the required information for the implementation of predictive maintenance use cases by and for different stakeholders. Based on this model, predictive maintenance solutions can be introduced more efficiently. The method is validated across departments in the automotive sector.

关键词： smart factories maintenance strategy selection predictive maintenance

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Distributed MIMO for Li-Fi: Channel Measurements, Ray Tracing and Throughput Analysis

Distributed MIMO for Li-Fi: Channel Measurements, Ray Tracin...

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作者： Eldeeb, Hossien B. Mana, Sreelal Maravanchery Jungnickel, Volker Hellwig, Peter Hilt, Jonas Uysal, Murat Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Özyeǧin University İstanbul34794 Turkey Department of Photonic Networks and Systems Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute Berlin10587 Germany

LiFi has been considered as a promising candidate for future wireless indoor networks. The IEEE P802.15.13 and P802.11bb standardization groups agreed upon channel models generated using the non-sequential ray tracing approach of OpticStudio. In this paper, in order to validate the channel modelling approach, at first 2 × 2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel measurements are carried out over 200 MHz bandwidth using a channel sounder. The experimental scenario is also modeled in 3D by applying ray tracing. The obtained results indicate good agreement between simulations and measured channel impulse responses, from which parameters such as path loss and delay spread are derived. After validating the channel modeling approach, we investigate the singular values and the effect of user mobility onto the performance in a 4× 4 distributed multi-user MIMO scenario. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ray tracing

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From Two to Seven Level GaN π-Type Converter Operation for Increased Efficiency of Capacitive-Load Charging

From Two to Seven Level GaN π-Type Converter Operation for ...

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IEEE Workshop on Wide Bandgap Power Devices and Applications (WiPDA)

作者： Stefan Mönch Michael Basler Daniel Grieshaber Richard Reiner Adrian Söllner Ines Ben Nour Rüdiger Quay Kilian Bartholomé University of Stuttgart Institute of Electrical Energy Conversion (IEW) Pfaffenwaldring 47 Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics IAF Tullastr. 72 Freiburg Germany Department for Sustainable Systems Engineering (INATECH) Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques IPM Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350375602

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375619

This work experimentally investigates the effect of increasing number of levels on the measured converter system efficiency, using a seven-level $\pi$-type GaN power converter for cyclic capacitive load charging/discharging. The work provides insight into the partial power processing mechanism, and estimates further expected efficiency improvement from GaN-based monolithic bidirectional switches (MBDS). This work uses two common-drain connected HEMTs as discrete bidirectional switches (DBDS). Increasing the operation mode from two to seven levels increased the charging power by $600 \%$, but the measured losses only increased by $75 \%$, which improved the $\mathbf{9 9 . 0 \%}$ half-bridge efficiency to over $\mathbf{9 9 . 7 \%}$ multilevel charging efficiency (reducing the relative losses over 4 times).

关键词： Multilevel converters Power measurement Systematics Gallium HEMTs Loss measurement Gallium nitride MODFETs

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Automation Framework for Blockchain-Based Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources

Automation Framework for Blockchain-Based Coordination of Di...

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IEEE International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation systems (PEDG)

作者： Cesar Cazal Su Mon Tun Irtaza Waheed Manuel Pitz Yoga Kannan Thanakorn Penthong Ferdinanda Ponci Antonello Monti Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Bangkok Thailand Institute for Automation of Complex Power Systems RWTH Aachen University and Fraunhofer FIT Aachen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350361001

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361018

Blockchain technology represents a secure distributed alternative to central architectures, as this technology can allow a democratic distribution of power where actors with mixed or even opposite interests can contribute to a common objective by aggregated effort. Nonetheless, the lack of working frameworks nor consideration for legacy solutions for preexisting devices limits the technology adoption on a higher scale. In the present paper, different components necessary to define an automation solution are discussed, as the blockchain architecture, the different standards involved on every automation levels (i.e. IEC61970, IEC60870, and IEC61850), their integration, and the necessary tools to tackle the particular cases in a broader perspective. Finally, the current work tests the proposed framework in a simulated network, presenting the hardware and software requirements, to close the work discussing the impact of the results considering the possible applications as might be the case of monitoring, control, or protection algorithms.

关键词： Automation Protocols Computer architecture Blockchains Timing Distributed power generation Protection

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Digital Technologies Enabling Resilience in Manufacturing Networks 19th

Digital Technologies Enabling Resilience in Manufacturing Ne...

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19th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, GCSM 2023

作者： Koutrakis, Nikolaos-Stefanos Magnanini, Maria Chiara Uhlmann, Eckart Polte, Julian Pei, Eujin Psarommatis, Foivos Brintrup, Alexandra Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology IPK Pascalstraße 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di Milano Via La Masa 1 Milano20156 Italy Technische Universität Berlin Pascalstraße 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Brunel University London Kingston Lane UxbridgeUB8 3PH United Kingdom University of Oslo Gaustadalleen 23B Oslo0373 Norway Department of Engineering Institute for Manufacturing University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0FS United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783031774287

Unforeseen events have the potential to cause disruptions throughout the entire manufacturing value chain, ranging from interruptions in production processes on the shop floor level to shutdowns in the supply chain and logistics. These disruptions increase the necessity for the establishment of manufacturing networks that prioritize cooperation and circularity to strengthen resilience, predict and counteract such impacts. This paper provides an overview of the main digital technologies required to create a resilient and sustainable manufacturing network and the implementation of the Manufacturing as a Service (MaaS) approach. For each digital technology, a synthetic characterization is provided, with respect to requirements, exemplary applications and involved standards. Challenges on the use of such technologies are presented and suggestions for future developments on the integration and deployment of digital technologies with the aim of achieving resilience in manufacturing networks is described. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Smart manufacturing

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