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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Jhon P.F. Charaja Isabell Wochner Pierre Schumacher Winfried Ilg Martin Giese Christophe Maufroy Andreas Bulling Syn Schmitt Georg Martius Daniel F.B. Haeufle Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Centre for Integrative Neuroscience University of Tübingen Germany Institute of Computer Engineering (ZITI) Heidelberg University Germany Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Tübingen Germany Institut for Industrial Manufacturing and Management (IFF) University of Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA) Germany Institute for Visualization and Interactive Systems University of Stuttgart Germany Institute for Modelling and Simulation of Biomechanical Systems University of Stuttgart Germany Department of Computer Science University of Tübingen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350386523

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386530

Mimicking of human-like arm movement characteristics involves considering three factors during control policy synthesis: (a) task requirements, (b) noise during movement execution, and (c) optimality principles. Previous studies showed that when these factors (a-c) are considered individually, it is possible to synthesize arm movements that either kinematically match experimental data or reproduce the stereotypical triphasic muscle activation pattern. However, no quantitative comparison has assessed the realism of arm movements generated by each factor, nor has it been determined whether combining these factors results in movements with human-like kinematic characteristics and the triphasic muscle pattern. To investigate this, we used reinforcement learning to learn a control policy for a musculoskeletal arm model, aiming to discern which combination of factors (a-c) results in realistic arm movements according to four frequently reported stereotypical characteristics. Our findings indicate that incorporating velocity and acceleration requirements into the reaching task, employing reward terms that minimize mechanical work, hand jerk, and control effort, along with the inclusion of noise during movement, leads to realistic human arm movements by reinforcement learning. We expect that the gained insights will help in the future to better predict desired arm movements and corrective forces in wearable assistive devices.

关键词： Noise Reinforcement learning Kinematics Biomechatronics Muscles Manipulators Assistive devices Pattern matching

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Characterization of glass-fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite after ultrasonic reconsolidation

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European Journal of Materials 2024年第1期4卷

作者： Ragupathi, Balaji Balle, Frank Walter-and-Ingeborg-Herrmann-Chair for Power Ultrasonics and Engineering of Functional Materials (EFM) Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering (INATECH) Faculty of Engineering University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF Freiburg Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst Mach Institute (EMI) Freiburg Germany

Value-retention of fiber-reinforced polymer composites is a necessary approach that must be addressed for the end-of-use (EoU) composites or scrapped composites produced during manufacturing. With the novel ultrasonic enhanced separation and reconsolidation approach, these EoU or scrap composites can be recovered, and their properties can be retained. In this work, a glassfiber (GF) reinforced composite embedded in a thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) matrix was investigated for the circularity option through the application of power ultrasonics. A statistical design-of-experiment approach was used to reconsolidate the GF-PP specimens. The specimens were reconsolidated with an oscillation amplitudes ranging from 28 to 40 µm, reconsolidation force of 300–500 N, and holding time ranging from 5 to 15 s. The reconsolidated GF-PP specimens were then mechanically tested for their performance by three-point bending and short-beam tests. The evaluated mechanical test results showed that 96% of the flexural property and 95% of the inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS) were retained compared to the original laminate condition. Cross-sectional microscopic investigation on the reconsolidated GF-PP specimens also supported the evaluated values from flexural and short-beam tests which could correlate with the experimental parameters directly. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： circularity engineering end-of-use Materials circularity re-use ultrasonic reconsolidation value-retention process

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Potentials of a Digital Twin implementation in the wetting process in battery cell manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2023年 118卷 987-992页

作者： Johannes Wanner Max Weeber Kai Peter Birke Alexander Sauer Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Nobelstrasse 12 70569 Stuttgart Germany Electrical Energy Storage Systems Institute for Photovoltaics University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 47 70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute for Energy Efficiency in Production University of Stuttgart Nobelstrasse 12 70569 Stuttgart Germany

Digital Twins in battery cell manufacturing require accurate descriptions of the process characteristics. The Washburn equation can estimate the wetting of the jelly roll after electrolyte filling. This paper deals with the potential of a stepwise implementation of a Digital Twin in the wetting step under different process framework conditions. The modelling considers product and process deviations during the manufacturing process and optimises the production scenarios concerning the required processing time and process energy. This approach promotes transparency in the planning and operation of wetting processes in battery cell manufacturing.

关键词： battery cell manufacturing wetting Digital Twin simulation

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Unknown-Aware Hierarchical Object Detection in the Context of Automated Driving

Unknown-Aware Hierarchical Object Detection in the Context o...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Jingxing Zhou Nick Wandelburg Jürgen Beyerer Porsche Engineering Group GmbH Weissach Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics Systems Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB) and Vision and Fusion Laboratory (IES) of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

Recent research in data-driven perception models has yielded promising performance on the previously trained classes. However, in real-world driving scenarios, the robustness of automated driving functions also depends on their ability to react safely to the occurrence of object classes that were unknown at training time. To address this challenge, we propose an unknown-aware object detection approach that incorporates a-priori knowledge in the form of a class taxonomy integrated into the network. Our proposed method utilizes two flexible modules responsible for object localization and hierarchical classification to ensure that the network can detect both previously known and unknown classes, without using additional training data that includes unknown classes. Moreover, we discuss the impact of the selected class hierarchy and training methodology on the detection performance.

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A Wideband WiFi/NB-IoT On-Glass Antenna for Smart Building Applications

A Wideband WiFi/NB-IoT On-Glass Antenna for Smart Building A...

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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： Muhammad Uzair Juin Acharjee Akkarat Boonpoonga Dirk Heberling Suramate Chalermwisutkul High Freqeuncy Systems Laboratory King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering St. Thomas' College of Engineering and Technology Kolkata India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Institute of High Frequency Technology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for High Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques FHR Wachberg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9788831299107

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366327

In this work, an on-glass antenna is proposed for IoT and smart building applications. The dielectric properties of five common glass types used in architecture were investigated. Clear glass, 3 mm thick, was selected as the substrate. The antenna is a rectangular monopole with a coplanar waveguide feed and an asymmetric ground. It was designed and simulated using Ansys HFSS, then fabricated using clear glass and copper tape. Measurements of the reflection coefficient and radiation pattern showed good agreement with simulations. The antenna exhibits a bidirectional radiation pattern, with 2.8 dBi gain and 94.82% radiation efficiency at 2.1 GHz and 3.9 dBi gain and 95.72% radiation efficiency at 2.4 GHz, respectively. A −10 dB bandwidth of 650 MHz (29.3%) centered at 2.215 GHz was achieved. The proposed antenna shows promise for integration with architectural glass elements in smart building applications, such as smart glass doors and windows.

关键词： Antenna measurements Smart buildings Indium tin oxide Glass Reflection coefficient Internet of Things Substrates Wideband Gain Antenna radiation patterns

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Trustworthy Bayesian Perceptrons

Trustworthy Bayesian Perceptrons

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Markus Walker Hayk Amirkhanian Marco F. Huber Uwe D. Hanebeck Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS) Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Germany Department Cyber Cognitive Intelligence (CCI) Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Stuttgart Germany Institute of Industrial Manufacturing and Management IFF University of Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781737749769

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371420

Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) offer a sophisticated framework for extending classical neural network point estimates to encompass predictive distributions. Despite the high potential of BNNs, established BNN training methods such as Variational Inference (VI) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) grapple with issues such as scalability and hyperparameter dependence. In addressing these issues, our research focuses on the fundamental elements of BNNs, in particular perceptrons and their predictive capabilities. We introduce a new perspective on the closed-form solution for backward-pass computation for the Bayesian perceptron and prove that the state-of-the-art solution is equivalent to statistical linearization. To assess the efficacy of Bayesian perceptrons and provide insights into their performance in distinct input space regions, a novel methodology utilizing k-d trees as a space partitioning method is introduced to evaluate prediction quality within specific input space regions.

关键词： Training Systematics Monte Carlo methods Scalability Neural networks Estimation Predictive models Nonhomogeneous media Bayes methods Testing

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Experiences in Quantum Software engineering

Experiences in Quantum Software Engineering

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IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing Workshops and Phd Forum (IPDPSW)

作者： Max Scheerer Jonas Klamroth Simon Garhofer Florian Knäble Oliver Denninger FZI Research Center for Information Technology Karlsruhe Germany Embedded Systems University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Stuttgart Germany

The field of Quantum Computing (QC) is increasingly becoming applicable for a wide range of computationally intensive problems. Especially Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQA) are promising as they allow dealing with the practical challenges of current quantum devices (also referred to as Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum devices). However, developing VQA-based solutions is not a straightforward process but involves several development phases, each with different design decisions and implications. In this paper, we share experiences made in developing VQA-based solutions for two different industrial case studies. Based on the solutions, we extracted five generic development phases quantum engineers must take into consideration when engineering quantum solutions. We have embedded the phases in a model (i.e. a phase model) to show their natural order and to illustrate the phases that require more development iterations. The main objective of this paper is not only to share and discuss our findings and experiences but also to provide the phase model as a starting point or guideline to structure the development process.

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Lanczos-based Foster-to-Cauer Transformation for Network Identification by Deconvolution

Lanczos-based Foster-to-Cauer Transformation for Network Ide...

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International Workshop on Thermal Investigation of ICs and systems (THERMINIC)

作者： Nils J. Ziegeler Stefan Schweizer Thermal and Climate Management Hella GmbH & Co. KGaA Lippstadt Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences Soest Germany Fraunhofer Application Center for Inorganic Phosphors Branch Lab of Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS Soest Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350387827

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387834

For transient thermal analysis, network identification by deconvolution (NID) is a well-known method. This paper explores the Lanczos-based alogorithm within the Foster-to-Cauer transformation. This substep has not been rigorously tested and compared to alternative approaches as part of NID yet. This work completes this aspect, providing an in-depth examination of Lanczos’ approach as well as discussing specific optimizations for NID. The use of double-precision arithmetic makes Lanczos’ method relatively fast. However, as it is approximate, derived results such as the differential structure function require additional noise reduction procedures. Implementation instructions and computational time complexity are provided as well as an application to a 36-LED test boards as an example of industry-scale pulsed transient thermal analysis. In total, Lanczos’ method is shown to be a robust alternative to existing methods, providing computationally efficient results.

关键词： Deconvolution Thermal resistance Noise reduction Thermal noise Thermal analysis Computational efficiency Velocity measurement Transient analysis Time complexity Optimization

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Advanced engineering Change Impact Approach (AECIA) – Towards a model-based approach for a continuous engineering Change Management

Advanced Engineering Change Impact Approach (AECIA) – Towar...

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IEEE International Symposium on systems engineering (ISSE)

作者： Alex Martin Jerome Kaspar Stefan Pfeifer Mandel Constantin Rapp Simon Albers Albert IPEK – Institute of Product Engineering at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany Model-Based Engineering Department :em Engineering Methods AG Darmstadt Germany Fraunhofer Research Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design IEM Paderborn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481830

A large share of resources in product engineering is occupied by engineering changes. High complexity of networked advanced systems is an important cause. In order to cope with high complexity, Model-Based systems engineering is seen as a possible approach. The Advanced engineering Change Impact Approach – AECIA presents a model-based engineering Change Management – ECM approach that supports a holistic propagation and impact analysis as well as the communication of engineering changes. For this purpose, practice-relevant requirements are identified and, based on these, analysis and modeling activities of the ECM approach are derived. The identified activities are grouped into activity groups that systematically support the validation of incoming change requests, the analysis and modeling of change propagation and impact, and the communication and documentation of change information for an agile engineering environment. The presented Advanced engineering Change Impact Approach addresses the identified requirements and thus enables an iterative, agile as well as model-based engineering change management.

关键词： Analytical models Decision making Documentation Complexity theory Iterative methods

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Investigating the response of distributed fibre optic acoustic sensing for subsea cable motion monitoring 31st

Investigating the response of distributed fibre optic acoust...

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31st International Ocean and Polar engineering Conference, ISOPE 2021

作者： Jackson, James Macarthur, John Sellar, Brian Macpherson, William N. Bookey, Henry T. Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics Glasgow United Kingdom Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom Institute for Energy Systems School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781880653821

A simultaneous Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) system is presented. In DAS, perturbations across hundreds of metres of fibre are detected by the use of phase-sensitive Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) from Rayleigh backscattering caused by these perturbations. DTS relies on Raman OTDR in a similar fashion. The capabilities of the DAS system are presented, showing detection limits on the order of sub Hz to kHz while achieving spatial resolution on the order of metres. The ability to differentiate between different types of perturbation including tapping, transient signals and smooth, strumming motion is demonstrated. © 2021 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

关键词： Arctic engineering

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