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Identification of Chemical Segregation and Surface Twinning Structures in Electro-Deposited Al Dendrites

Microscopy and Microanalysis 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_1期30卷

作者： Liu, Xiaodong Rahide, Fatemehsadat Yang, Tingting Lu, Penghan Dsokea, Sonia Ehrenberg, Helmut Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E Layla Mehdi, B Department of Materials Design & Manufacturing Engineering University of Liverpool Liverpool UK Institute for Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Research Centre Juelich Juelich Germany Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems Department of Electrical Energy Storage Freiburg Germany Albert Crewe Centre University of Liverpool Liverpool UK

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A C Code Generator for Fast Inference and Simple Deployment of Convolutional Neural Networks on Resource Constrained systems

A C Code Generator for Fast Inference and Simple Deployment ...

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IOT, Electronics and Mechatronics Conference (IEMTRONICS), IEEE International

作者： Oliver Urbann Simon Camphausen Arne Moos Ingmar Schwarz Sören Kerner Maximilian Otten Automation and Embedded Systems Fraunhofer IML Dortmund Germany Robotics Research Institute TU Dortmund University Dortmund Germany Software and Information Engineering Fraunhofer IML Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728196152

ISBN: (纸本)9781728196169

Inference of Convolutional Neural Networks in time critical applications usually requires a GPU. In robotics or embedded devices these are often not available due to energy, space and cost constraints. Furthermore, installation of a deep learning framework or even a native compiler on the target platform is not possible. This paper presents a neural network code generator (NNCG) that generates from a trained CNN a plain ANSI C code file that encapsulates the inference in single a function. It can easily be included in existing projects and due to lack of dependencies, cross compilation is usually possible. Additionally, the code generation is optimized based on the known trained CNN and target platform following four design principles. The system is evaluated utilizing small CNN designed for this application. Compared to TensorFlow XLA and Glow speed-ups of up to 11.81 can be shown and even GPUs are outperformed regarding latency.

关键词： Robots Artificial neural networks Machine learning Libraries Generators Embedded systems Optimization

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BODYTUNE: Multi Auscultation Device-Personal Health Parameter Monitoring at Home

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Current Directions in Biomedical engineering 2021年第2期7卷 5-8页

作者： Salvi, Rutuja Fuentealba, Patricio Henze, Jasmin Burmann, Anja Spiller, Moritz Hellwig, Stefan Faldemolaei, Niki Boese, Axel Illanes, Alfredo Friebe, Michael IDTM GmbH Recklinghausen Germany IDTM GmbH Recklinghausen Germany Instituto de Electricidad y Electrónica Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Dortmund Germany HealthTec Innovation Laboratory Surgical Audio Guidance Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Germany ExoEconomy San Diego United States HealthTec Innovation Laboratory Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Germany MEDICS GmbH Magdeburg Germany HealthTec Innovation Laboratory Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Germany

Auscultation methods allow the non-invasive diagnosis of pathological conditions (e.g., of the lung, heart or blood vessels) based on sounds that the body produces (e.g., breathing, heartbeat, swallowing or the blood flow). Through regular homebased examinations and Big Data combined with Machine learning techniques like Deep Learning, these could help detect diseases in an early stage, thus preventing serious health conditions and subsequently ensuring optimal therapy through continuous monitoring. This paper presents BODYTUNE, a novel inexpensive multi-Auscultation system that aims at providing a tool for establishing a baseline of audio signal derived classification parameters that could be used for the self-monitoring of personal health for everybody through the analysis of deviations from that baseline. In the future, Big Data analysis could additionally lead to prediction and early detection of disease events. © 2021 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Spectrum analysis

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Transition metal ion ensembles in crystals as solid-state coherent spin-photon interfaces: The case of nickel in magnesium oxide

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Poem, E. Gupta, S. Morris, I. Klink, K. Singh, L. Zhong, T. Becker, J.N. Firstenberg, O. Nicley, S.S. Department of Physics of Complex Systems Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot7610001 Israel Prizker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University 567 Wilson Rd. East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University 428S. Shaw Ln. Rm. 2120 East LansingMI48824 United States Fraunhofer USA Inc. 1449 Engineering Research Ct. East LansingMI48824 United States

We present general guidelines for finding solid-state systems that could serve as coherent electron spin – photon interfaces even at relatively high temperatures, where phonons are abundant but cooling is easier, and show that transition metal ions in various crystals could comply with these guidelines. As an illustrative example, we focus on divalent nickel ions in magnesium oxide. We perform electron spin resonance spectroscopy and polarization-sensitive magneto-optical fluorescence spectroscopy of a dense ensemble of these ions and find that (i) the ground-state electron spin stays coherent at liquid-helium temperatures for several microseconds, and (ii) there exists energetically well-isolated excited states which can couple to two ground state spin sub-levels via optical transitions of orthogonal polarizations. The latter implies that fast, coherent optical control over the electron spin is possible. We then propose schemes for optical initialization and control of the ground-state electron spin using polarized optical pulses, as well as two schemes for implementing a noise-free, broadband quantum-optical memory at near-telecom wavelengths in this material system. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Magnesia

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Modeling of High-Sensitivity SAW Magnetic Field Sensors with Au-SiO2 Phononic Crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Samadi, Mohsen Meyer, Jana Marie Spetzler, Elizaveta Spetzler, Benjamin McCord, Jeffrey Lofink, Fabian Gerken, Martina Integrated Systems and Photonics Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Kiel University Kaiserstraße 2 Kiel24143 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Silicon Technology ISIT Itzehoe25524 Germany Nanoscale Magnetic Materials - Magnetic Domains Department of Materials Science Kiel University Kaiserstraße 2 Kiel24143 Germany Energy Materials and Devices Department of Materials Science Kiel University Kaiserstraße 2 Kiel24143 Germany Kiel University Kaiserstraße 2 Kiel24143 Germany Microsystem Materials Department of Materials Science Kiel University Kaiserstraße 2 Kiel24143 Germany

The development of magnetic field sensors with high sensitivity is crucial for accurate detection of magnetic fields. In this context, we present a theoretical model of a highly sensitive surface acoustic wave (SAW) magnetic field sensor that utilizes phononic crystal (PnC) structures composed of Au pillars embedded within a SiO2 guiding layer. We study rectangular and triangular PnCs and assess their potential for application in thin-film magnetic field sensors. In our design, the PnC is integrated into the SiO2 guiding layer, preserving the continuous magnetostrictive layer and maximizing its interaction with the SAW. The sensor achieves nearly two orders of magnitude higher sensitivity compared to a continuous delay line of similar dimensions and an eight-fold improvement over the previous sensor design with PnCs composed of FeCoSiB pillars. The enhanced sensitivity is attributed to resonance effects within the PnC leading to an increased interaction between the SAW and the continuous FeCoSiB layer covering the PnC. Our results highlight the significant potential of incorporating PnCs into the guiding layer of SAWs for future high performance magnetic field sensors. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetostriction

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Performance evaluation of a solar-powered membrane capacitive deionization system considering energy recovery

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Results in engineering 2025年 26卷

作者： HamidReza Bahrami Shiva Gorjian Hamed Mokhtarzadeh Barat Ghobadian Alban Kuriqi Jafar Gheisari Biosystems Engineering Department Tarbiat Modares University (TMU) P.O. Box: 14115-111 Tehran Iran Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE Heidenhofstraße 2 79110 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany Faculty of Environmental Engineering Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 50-370 Wroclaw Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran

Freshwater scarcity remains a global challenge, necessitating sustainable and energy-efficient desalination technologies. Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) offers a promising alternative to conventional methods due to its lower energy consumption and potential for energy recovery, making it particularly suitable for off-grid and rural applications. This study investigates the performance of a compact MCDI unit powered by an off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system with battery storage. An experimental approach was adopted to assess the impact of charging current and feed water flow rate on desalination performance and energy recovery. Results indicate that increasing the supplied current from 2 A to 8 A enhances the desalination rate by 49 %, while reducing the flow rate from 1.4 l/min to 0.2 l/min improves desalination efficiency by 25 %. The maximum energy recovery from the MCDI module reaches 17.55 % under a 4 A charging current and 1300 ppm feedwater salinity, with an energy consumption of 0.962 kJ/l of treated saline water. Economic analysis reveals that the system achieves a payback period of less than one year when the treated water price exceeds 0.034 USD/l. The results confirm that the proposed PV-MCDI system is an energy-efficient and cost-effective solution for desalination, particularly in remote areas. Additionally, the integration of renewable energy reduces fossil fuel reliance and minimizes environmental impact, making it a sustainable solution for brackish water treatment.

关键词： Capacitive deionization Brackish water Energy recovery Photovoltaics

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Single Shot 6D Object Pose Estimation

Single Shot 6D Object Pose Estimation

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Kilian Kleeberger Marco F. Huber Department Robot and Assistive Systems and with the Center for Cyber Cognitive Intelligence (CCI) Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728173955

ISBN: (纸本)9781728173962

In this paper, we introduce a novel single shot approach for 6D object pose estimation of rigid objects based on depth images. For this purpose, a fully convolutional neural network is employed, where the 3D input data is spatially discretized and pose estimation is considered as a regression task that is solved locally on the resulting volume elements. With 65 fps on a GPU, our Object Pose Network (OP-Net) is extremely fast, is optimized end-to-end, and estimates the 6D pose of multiple objects in the image simultaneously. Our approach does not require manually 6D pose-annotated real-world datasets and transfers to the real world, although being entirely trained on synthetic data. The proposed method is evaluated on public benchmark datasets, where we can demonstrate that state-of-the-art methods are significantly outperformed.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Solid modeling Data models Task analysis Pose estimation Image segmentation Two dimensional displays

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on nanodiamond-derived carbon onions

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Nanotechnology and Precision engineering 2019年第1期2卷 35-39页

作者： Ying Song Zongwei Xu Andreas Rosenkranz Mathias Rommel Changkun Shi Fengzhou Fang State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments Centre of MicroNano Manufacturing Technology Tianjin University Department of Chemical Engineering Biotechnology and Materials Universidad de Chile Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology (IISB)

Annealing nanodiamonds(ND) at high temperatures up to 1700 ℃ is a common method to synthesize carbon onions. The transformation from NDs to carbon onions is particularly interesting because of carbon onions' potential in the field of tribology and their application in ultra-charge/discharge devices. In this paper, a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering technique that involves coating the sample with nanoscopic gold particles is proposed to characterize the NDs after different annealing treatments. Conventional Raman and surfaceenhanced Raman spectra were obtained, and the changes of peak parameters as the function of annealing temperature were evaluated. It was found that the widths of the D and the G peaks decreased with increasing annealing temperature, reflecting an improved order in the sp^2-hybridized carbon during the transformation from NDs to carbon onions. After annealing at 1700 ℃, the sp^2?carbon was highly ordered, indicating desirable electrical conductivity and lubricity. With increasing annealing temperature, the D peak showed a blue shift of almost30 cm^(-1), while the G peak merely shifted by 5 cm^(-1). For annealing temperatures above 1100 ℃, an increase of intensity ratio ID/IGwas observed. Compared to the uncoated area, red shifts of 0.5-2 cm^(-1) and of 5-9 cm^(-1) for the G and D peaks, respectively, were detected for the gold-coated area, which was due to the coupling of the plasmons and the phonons of the samples.

关键词： Nanodiamonds Carbon onions Surface-enhanced Raman scattering LOPC mode

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Self-Injection-Locked Kerr Soliton Microcombs With Photonic Wire Bonds For Use in Terahertz Communications

Self-Injection-Locked Kerr Soliton Microcombs With Photonic ...

引用

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Y. Chen H. Peng D. Fang J. Dittmer G. Lihachev A. Voloshin S. T. Skacel M. Lauermann A. Tessmann S. Wagner S. Bhave I. Kallfass T. Zwick W. Freude S. Randel T. J. Kippenberg C. Koos Inst. of Photon. & Quant. Electron.(IPQ) Inst. of Microstruct. Technol. (IMT) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne Switzerland Deeplight S.A. Lausanne Switzerland Vanguard Automation GmbH Karlsruhe Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics (IAF) Freiburg Germany OxideMEMS Lab Purdue University USA Inst. of Robust Power Semiconductor Systems University of Stuttgart Germany Inst. of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics (IHE) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Germany

We demonstrate single-soliton Kerr-comb generators, exploiting photonic wire bonds to connect Si 3 N 4 resonators and self-injection-locked InP pump lasers. The assembly is used to generate a 0.302 THz carrier for 16... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Distributed feedback lasers Frequency combs Injection locking Laser resonators Phase noise Ring resonators

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Coherent beam combination of ultrafast fiber lasers

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Klenke, Arno Müller, Michael Stark, Henning Kienel, Marco Jauregui, Cesar Tünnermann, Andreas Limpert, Jens Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena07745 Germany Helmholtz-Institut Jena Jena07743 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering Jena07745 Germany Active Fiber Systems GmbH Jena07743 Germany

The performance of fiber laser systems has drastically increased over recent decades, which has opened up new industrial and scientific applications for this technology. However, currently a number of physical effects prevents further power scaling. Coherent combination of beams from multiple emitters has been established as a power scaling technique beyond these limitations. It is possible to increase the average power and, for pulsed laser systems, also parameters such as the pulse energy and the peak power. To realize such laser systems, various aspects have to be taken into account which include beam combination elements, stabilization systems and the output parameters of the individual amplifiers. After an introduction to the topic, various ways of implementing coherent beam combination for ultrashort pulses are explored. Besides the spatial combination of beams, the combination of pulses in time will also be discussed. Recent experimental results will be presented, including multidimensional (i.e. spatial and temporal) combination. Finally, an outlook on possible further developments is given, focused on scaling the number of combinable beams and pulses. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Fiber lasers

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