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European Microelectronics and Packaging Conference, EMPC

作者： Kalyan Y. Mitra Andreas Willert Adam Sossalla Michael Hoffmann Ralf Zichner Fraunhofer Institute for Electronic Nano Systems ENAS Printed Functionalities Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering Sulzbach/Saar Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Organic Electronics Electron Beam and Plasma Technology Dresden Germany

The inkjet technology due to its gm-scale accuracy, up-scalability, efficient processing and industrial relevance, is widely accepted as a smart digital tool for manufacturing g-electronic devices on rigid and flexible substrates. Within this research, the inkjet technology is implemented to manufacture bio-compatible and bio-degradable conductive electrodes, contacts for electrical signal transmission/stimulation and development of the multilayered devices e.g. capacitors and thin-film-transistors (TFTs) along with suitable barrier layer characteristics, for implants in the medical applications. To accomplish such competitive goals, it is essential to select the most optimal functional materials, which would firstly fulfill the electrical needs of the device and secondly support processibility using the inkjet technology. The functional materials such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate), natural semiconductors and shellac are here utilized in form, of commercially available and self-formulated inks, that are addressed carefully to deposit fundamental layers for printing capacitors and TFTs. The focus of this work is to decide on solution-processable device architectures e.g. BGBC TFTs, followed by the development and optimization of the deposition parameters for the specific materials tuned to defined layer thicknesses and concentrations. This supports in acquiring the desired electrical characteristics of conductivity, capacitance, charge transportation etc, and thus the device performance. The results show that the manufactured devices are achieved successfully on the bio-degradable substrates, processed entirely under 60 °C and ambient conditions. The electrical characteristics of the devices show direct dependency to the physical dimensions of the printed features, by exhibiting certain performance merits i.e. 210 ± 50 pF/mm 2 and 10 gA channel current..

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Enhanced behavioral models of MEMS elements for system level verification 16

Enhanced behavioral models of MEMS elements for system level...

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16. GMM/ITG-Fachtagung ANALOG 2018: Meet Your CAD Guy / Meet Your Designer - 16th GMM/ITG Symposium ANALOG 2018: Meet Your CAD Guy/Meet Your Designer

作者： Blochmann, Tino Gerth, Stephan Schneider, Peter Jancke, Roland Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS Division Engineering of Adaptive Systems EAS Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783800747542

This work presents an efficient approach to describe enhanced detailed mechanical behaviour of MEMS elements equivalent to a complex distributed spring mass system, which also contains weak nonlinearities on its eigenmodes. Based on an reduced order state space description of its FE mesh model the dynamic behaviour including higher eigenmodes can be simulated on system level. The core of this paper addresses the superposition of the state space model with additional suited fractional differential equations to describe stiffness variations and nonlinear behaviour in more realistic test scenarios. The discussed models are implemented in SystemC AMS – this open hardware description standard provides well suited capabilities for multi-physical domain simulations. © VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach

关键词： Nonlinear equations

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Low work-function tether Deorbit Kit

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Journal of Space Safety engineering 2020年第3期7卷 332-339页

作者： Tarabini Castellani, L. Ortega, A. Giménez, A. Urgoiti, E. Sánchez-Arriaga, G. Borderes-Motta, G. Lorenzini, E.C. Tajmar, M. Wätzig, K. Post, A. Plaza, J.F. Sener Aeroespacial C. Severo Ochoa 4 Tres Cantos 28760 Spain Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Avenida de la Universidad 30 Leganés 28911 Spain Università degli Studi di Padova Via Venezia 1 Padova 35131 Italy Technische Universität Dresden Institute of Aerospace Engineering Dresden 01062 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems Winterbergstraße 28 Dresden 01277 Germany Advanced Thermal Devices c/ Villaconejos 4 – Pol. Ind. Ventorro del Cano Alcorcón 28925 Spain

This works presents a system level analysis of a Deorbit Kit (DK) based on electrodynamic tether technology. The analysis is focused on two relevant scenarios for deorbiting space debris: (i) Earth Observation (EO) satellites with mass in the range of 700 kg -1000 kg and initial orbital altitude of 800 km and 98° inclination, and (ii) Mega Constellation (MC) spacecraft in the order of 200 kg and initial orbit at 1200 km of altitude and 90° of inclination. The scenarios have been selected considering the orbits that are already suffering from the space debris problem or will suffer in the next future. The DK implements a bare electrodynamic tether for capturing electrons passively from the ambient plasma while three different methods are considered for emitting the electrons back to the plasma to reach a steady electrical current on the tether. The three studied options to close the electrical circuit are: (a) a hollow cathode, which has a high technological maturity but needs expellant and a little of power, (b) a thermionic emitter, which does not involve expellant but needs power, and (c) a Low Work-function Tether (LWT) that does not need neither expellant nor power because it has a segment coated with a special material that emits electrons passively through the thermionic and photoelectric effects. In order to provide a fully autonomous operation even in case of critical failure of the mother spacecraft, the DK includes a deployment mechanism, a telemetry and telecommand system, a complete Attitude Determination and Control System with attitude sensors (GNSS, sun sensors, magnetometer) and actuators (magneto torquers), solar panels and batteries. Upon activation, the DK autonomously de-tumbles the satellite, deploys a tether and carries out the satellite's de-orbiting. The study presents DK architectures, mass budgets and simulation results for the two scenarios. It is shown that a complete DK with mass below 6% the mass of the host spacecraft can deorbit EO an

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Fully tunable exciton-polaritons emerging from WS2 monolayer excitons in an optical lattice at room temperature

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Lackner, Lukas Dusel, Marco Egorov, Oleg A. Knopf, Heiko Eilenberger, Falk Schröder, Sven Tongay, Sefaattin Anton-Solanas, Carlos Höfling, Sven Schneider, Christian Technische Physik and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material Systems Universität Würzburg Am Hubland WürzburgD-97074 Germany Institute of Physics Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg26129 Germany Institute of Condensed Matter Theory and Solid State Optics Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Max-Wien Platz 1 Jena07743 Germany Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena07745 Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Jena07745 Germany Max Planck School of Photonics Jena07745 Germany School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States

engineering non-linear hybrid light-matter states in tailored optical lattices is a central research strategy for the simulation of complex Hamiltonians. Excitons in atomically thin crystals are an ideal active medium for such purposes, since they couple strongly with light and bear the potential to harness giant non-linearities and interactions while presenting a simple sample-processing and room temperature operability. We demonstrate lattice polaritons, based on an open, high-quality optical cavity, with an imprinted photonic lattice strongly coupled to excitons in a WS2 monolayer. We experimentally observe the emergence of the canonical band-structure of particles in a one-dimensional lattice at room temperature, and demonstrate frequency reconfigurability over a spectral window exceeding 12 meV, as well as the systematic variation of the nearest neighbour coupling, reflected by a tuneability in the bandwidth of the p-band polaritons by 7 meV. The technology presented in this work is a critical demonstration towards reconfigurable photonic emulators operated with nonlinear photonic fluids, offering a simple experimental implementation and working at ambient conditions. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Tungsten compounds

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Use of HL7 FHIR to structure data in epilepsy self-management applications

Use of HL7 FHIR to structure data in epilepsy self-managemen...

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IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking And Communications (WiMob)

作者： Salima Houta Tim Ameler Rainer Surges Digitalization in Healthcare Fraunhofer Institute for Software and Systems Engineering Dortmund Germany Department of Epileptology University Hospital Bonn Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728133171

The expansion of health infrastructure to support the networking of actors in the healthcare system is rapidly growing and is forced by law in several nations. The solutions are based on international standards to ensure interoperability of existing and new health applications and future viability. In the EPItect project, a telemedicine infrastructure for epilepsy care was developed. This paper presents part of the conceptual work and focuses on the structural and semantic standardization of epilepsy data based on the international standard HL7 FHIR. The main contribution of this work is an implementation guide for the exchange of epilepsy related data between epilepsy self-management applications and health infrastructures.

关键词： Epilepsy Standards Medical treatment Brain modeling Documentation Mobile applications

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Learnability of the output distributions of local quantum circuits

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Hinsche, Marcel Ioannou, Marios Nietner, Alexander Haferkamp, Jonas Quek, Yihui Hangleiter, Dominik Seifert, Jean-Pierre Eisert, Jens Sweke, Ryan Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Berlin14109 Germany Information Systems Laboratory Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States University of Maryland NIST College ParkMD20742 United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science TU Berlin BerlinD-10587 Germany FhG SIT DarmstadtD-64295 Germany Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute Berlin10587 Germany

There is currently a large interest in understanding the potential advantages quantum devices can offer for probabilistic modelling. In this work we investigate, within two different oracle models, the probably approximately correct (PAC) learnability of quantum circuit Born machines, i.e., the output distributions of local quantum circuits. We first show a negative result, namely, that the output distributions of super-logarithmic depth Clifford circuits are not sample-efficiently learnable in the statistical query model, i.e., when given query access to empirical expectation values of bounded functions over the sample space. This immediately implies the hardness, for both quantum and classical algorithms, of learning from statistical queries the output distributions of local quantum circuits using any gate set which includes the Clifford group. As many practical generative modelling algorithms use statistical queries – including those for training quantum circuit Born machines – our result is broadly applicable and strongly limits the possibility of a meaningful quantum advantage for learning the output distributions of local quantum circuits. As a positive result, we show that in a more powerful oracle model, namely when directly given access to samples, the output distributions of local Clifford circuits are computationally efficiently PAC learnable by a classical learner. Our results are equally applicable to the problems of learning an algorithm for generating samples from the target distribution (generative modelling) and learning an algorithm for evaluating its probabilities (density modelling). They provide the first rigorous insights into the learnability of output distributions of local quantum circuits from the probabilistic modelling perspective. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Specification technique for augmented reality based product service systems 15

Specification technique for augmented reality based product ...

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15th International Design Conference, DESIGN 2018

作者： Röltgen, D. Wortmann, F. Anacker, H. Dumitrescu, R. Fraunhofer Research Institute for Mechatronic Systems Design Product Engineering Zukunftsmeile 1 Paderborn33102 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789537738594

As one of the key technologies of digitalization, Augmented Reality (AR) provides significant innovation potentials for the product service business. However, the design of AR-based product service systems proves to be challenging due to interdependencies of product, service and AR functionalities. In this paper, a semi-formal, domain-spanning specification technique is presented. It helps companies to systematically create concepts for product service systems, taking into account the technology-specific requirements of AR, and enables a transparent communication between the domains involved. © 2018 Faculty of Mechanical engineering and Naval Architecture. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Corrigendum: Decellularization of precision-cut kidney slices-application of physical and chemical methods (2023 Biomed. Mater. 18 025004)

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Biomedical materials (Bristol, England) 2025年第2期20卷 029501-029501页

作者： Haitham Salti Lea Kramer Sophie-Charlotte Nelz Mathias Lorenz Anne Breitrück Jacqueline Hofrichter Marcus Frank Karoline Schulz Steffen Mitzner Reinhold Wasserkort Department of Extracorporeal Therapy Systems (EXTHER) Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI) Schillingallee 68 18057 Rostock Germany. Faculty of Engineering Wismar University of Applied Sciences Wismar Germany. Divison of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Rostock University Medical Center Rostock Germany. Medical Biology and Electron Microscopy Centre Rostock University Medical Center Rostock Germany. Department Life Light & Matter University of Rostock Rostock Germany.

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Technical debt and agile software development practices and processes: An industry practitioner survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Holvitie, Johannes Licorish, Sherlock A. Spínola, Rodrigo O. Hyrynsalmi, Sami MacDonell, Stephen G. Mendes, Thiago S. Buchan, Jim Leppänen, Ville Turku Centre for Computer Science Software Development Laboratory Turku Finland University of Turku Department of Information Technology Turku Finland University of Otago Department of Information Science Otago Dunedin New Zealand Salvador University Graduate Program in Systems and Computer Bahia Salvador Brazil Federal University of Bahia Fraunhofer Project Center for Software and System Engineering Salvador Brazil Tampere University of Technology Pori Campus Pori Finland Federal Institute of Bahia Information Technology Department Bahia Santo Amaro Brazil Auckland University of Technology School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland New Zealand

Context: Contemporary software development is typically conducted in dynamic, resource-scarce environments that are prone to the accumulation of technical debt. While this general phenomenon is acknowledged, what remains unknown is how technical debt specifically manifests in and affects software processes, and how the software development techniques employed accommodate or mitigate the presence of this debt. Objectives: We sought to draw on practitioner insights and experiences in order to classify the effects of agile method use on technical debt management, given the popularity and perceived success of agile methods. We explore the breadth of practitioners' knowledge about technical debt;how technical debt is manifested across the software process;and the perceived effects of common agile software development practices and processes on technical debt. In doing so, we address a research gap in technical debt knowledge and provide novel and actionable managerial recommendations. Method: We designed, tested and executed a multi-national survey questionnaire to address our objectives, receiving 184 responses from practitioners in Brazil, Finland, and New Zealand. Results: Our findings indicate that: 1) Practitioners are aware of technical debt, although, there was under utilization of the concept, 2) Technical debt commonly resides in legacy systems, however, concrete instances of technical debt are hard to conceptualize which makes it problematic to manage, 3) Queried agile practices and processes help to reduce technical debt;in particular, techniques that verify and maintain the structure and clarity of implemented artifacts (e.g., Coding standards and Refactoring) positively affect technical debt management. Conclusions: The fact that technical debt instances tend to have characteristics in common means that a systematic approach to its management is feasible. However, notwithstanding the positive effects of some agile practices on technical debt management, comp

关键词： Legacy systems

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Ammonia as promising fuel for solid oxide fuel cells: Experimental analysis and performance evaluation 16

Ammonia as promising fuel for solid oxide fuel cells: Experi...

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16th International Symposium on Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFC 2019

作者： Stoeckl, B. Preininger, M. Subotić, V. Schroettner, H. Sommersacher, P. Seidl, M. Megel, S. Hochenauer, C. Institute of Thermal Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz8010 Austria Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis Graz University of Technology Graz8010 Austria BIOENERGY 2020+ GmbH Graz8010 Austria AVL List GmbH Graz8020 Austria Fraunhofer Institute of Ceramic Technologies and Systems Winterbergstrasse 28 Dresden01277 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781607688747

In the course of this study the direct utilization of ammonia in different types of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), such as anode- and electrolyte-supported SOFC, is investigated. Experiments in low fuel utilization, exhibited excellent performance of ammonia in SOFCs, although the power outputs of equivalent hydrogen/nitrogen fuels were not attained due to the incomplete endothermic ammonia decomposition. Next, the single cells were operated under high fuel utilization conditions and methane was added to the humidified ammonia stream, where they showed excellent ammonia- and methane conversions. The stability of the cells used was proven over a period of at least 48 hours with a variety of fuel mixtures. Post mortem scanning electron microscopy analysis of the anode micro-structures indicated nitriding effects of nickel, as microscopic pores and enlargements of the metallic parts occurred. Finally, a long-term test over 1,000 hours was carried out using a ten-layer stack consisting of electrolyte-supported cells. © The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Ammonia

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