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53rd CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems, CMS 2020

作者： Hänel, Albrecht Schnellhardt, Thorben Wenkler, Eric Nestler, Andreas Brosius, Alexander Corinth, Christian Fay, Alexander Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Institute of Manufacturing Technology Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01062 Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01062 Germany Institute of Automation Technology Helmut Schmidt University Hamburg22043 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Dresden01187 Germany

This paper describes a method for creating a digital twin based on planning and process data for machining processes by using the example of components in the aerospace industry. This development is based on an information model that combines the properties and relationships of relevant information and data involved in the manufacturing process. This system integrates mathematical (technical-technological) models and algorithms for the determination of process parameters as well as planning-relevant information from the machining process. The technology of the digital twin makes it possible to recognize problems directly in the machining process, e.g. deviations from the planning specifications and to derive targeted measures for quality assurance and optimization of the machining process. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 53rd CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems

关键词： Machining centers

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Improvements to a method for determining leg length following total hip arthroplasty

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Journal of Medical Engineering and technology 2020年第2期44卷 69-75页

作者： Wendler, Toni Heilemann, Martin Grunert, Ronny Möbius, Robert Schmidt, Michael Schleifenbaum, Stefan Prietzel, Torsten Centre for Research on Muscoskeletal Systems Leipzig University Leipzig Germany Faculty of Medicine Institute of Anatomy Leipzig University Leipzig Germany Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Plastic Surgery Leipzig University Leipzig Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Dresden Germany Department of Neurosurgery Leipzig University Leipzig Germany Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Plastic Surgery Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany

Discrepancy in leg length does frequently occur as a side effect of total hip arthroplasty and may lead to reduced patient satisfaction as well as injury in the sequalae. It is consequently important to reduce leg length discrepancy where-ever technically possible. This may be achieved by recording precise intraoperative measurements and using different sized implanted components. The aim of the given study was to improve the accuracy of a previously validated optic measurement system (OMS) to reduce leg length discrepancy. This pre-existing OMS was first trialled and based on these preliminary findings developed further. Using this improved system, measurements were taken in models and cadavers. Inter observer reliability of the improved OMS was assessed. The system is introduced in the given technical feasibility study. Its accuracy was greater in the model setup (swivel joint: 772.7 ± 1.5 mm;ball joint: 770.0 ± 3.7 mm;reference: 772 mm) compared to the trial using cadaveric tissues (588.8 ± 5.7 mm;reference: 586 mm). Results of two examiners were similar. The third one measured significantly shorter values (p=.011). The results of the measurements with the OMS indicate that a significant increase in accuracy (p = 2.076×10−6) has been achieved compared to the previously reported system, however, a further improvement to measurement accuracy is necessary for this to be applied clinically. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Arthroplasty

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Manufacturing of glass fibre/PBT-spincom yarns for innovative composite processing 18

Manufacturing of glass fibre/PBT-spincom yarns for innovativ...

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18th European Conference on Composite Materials, ECCM 2018

作者： Scheffler, Christina Hiller, Janett Krüger, Matthias Haase, Rico Weise, Dieter Garray, Didier Spickenheuer, Axel Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Dept. Composite Materials Hohe Straße 6 Dresden01069 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Dept. Business Unit Car Bodies and Cell Structures Chemnitz Germany SIRRIS Seraing Liège/Wallonia Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781510896932

The aim of this work was the development of GF (glass fibre)/ PBT (polybutylene therephthalate) SpinCOM yarns that are commingled online during the spinning process using sizing formulations that enable textile processability as well as high fibre-matrix interaction. Epoxy- and polyurethane-based sizings have been applied and were evaluated by micromechanical (single fibre pull-out test) and macromechanical (transverse tensile test of unidirectional plates) testing. Finally, a material combination was selected to be processed by Tailored Fiber Placement (TFP) to textile preforms with a variable-axial, load adapted fiber design. These preforms were consolidated in a low energy and resource consuming process using novel light and low cost forming tools produced by incremental sheet metal forming (ISF) technology. Finally, a low cost solution for thermal processing even for complex shaped TPC parts is demonstrated by the geometry of a bicycle saddle. © CCM 2020 - 18th European Conference on Composite Materials. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polybutenes

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Integration of forming Manufacturing technology into the Component Production of Innovative Electric Motor Concepts

Integration of Forming Manufacturing Technology into the Com...

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International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC)

作者： Mirko Bach Alena Babl Dieter Gerling Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Chemnitz Germany Chair of Electrical Drives and Actuators Bundeswehr University Munich Neubiberg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728184586

ISBN: (纸本)9781728196145

Constantly increasing demands on production technology, such as sustainability and climate protection, require continuous optimization or even new development of production processes and designs, including in the field of electrical engineering. For this reason, it is also necessary to exploit the potential of various manufacturing technologies in order to achieve higher efficiency of the running machines. One way to achieve this goal is the application-optimized use of forming technology, which is less material-intensive due to its characteristics compared to, for example, cutting technology. Its use also allows better utilization of the special properties of electrical steel used in electrical machine construction or increases the so-called slot filling factor of electrical ***, motor stators consist of axially stacked, non-grain-oriented electrical steel (ngo), in whose motor slots coils of wound round wire are placed. The grain orientation of the sheets used has an influence on the amount of iron losses of the motor. With the use of round wire for the electric coils, only a slot filling factor of approx. 65 % can be achieved and thus potential for increasing the magnetic field of the coil is available. In order to achieve a higher slot filling factor, it is necessary to adapt the cross-sectional shape of the conductor material to the corresponding installation position by means of *** the present paper a novel approach for stator design with so-called flux barriers and thus the possibility of using radially laminated, grain-oriented plates are presented and the latest research results are shown. In addition current measurement results for the forming technical optimization of the increase of the slot filling factor of electrical coils with adapted conductor cross sections are presented and discussed.

关键词： Coils Electric potential Wires Production Stators Filling Manufacturing

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Comparison of Resistive and Optical Strain Measurement for Early Fracture Detection

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Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2020年第3期6卷

作者： Carabello, Alina Neupetsch, Constanze Werner, Michael Rotsch, Christian Drossel, Welf-Guntram Zajonz, Dirk Chemnitz University of Technology Adaptronics and Lightweight Design in Production Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Iwu Chemnitz/ Dresden Germany Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien Chemnitz Germany

To increase learning success in surgical training, physical simulators are supplemented by measurement technology to generate and record objective feedback and error detection. An opportunity to detect fractures following hip stem implantation early can be measurement of occurring strains on bone surface. These strains can be determined while using strain gauges, digital image correlation (DIC) or photoelasticity. In this research strain gauges and DIC were compared regarding their suitability as strain measurement tools for use in physical simulators. Therefore a testing method was described to replicate the implantation of a hip stem. Testing devices modelled on a realistic prosthesis were pressed into prepared porcine femora in a two-step procedure with a material testing machine. The local strains occurring on bone surface were determined using an optical measurement system for DIC and strain gauges. The initial fractures in the tested femora are located medial-anterior in most cases (73,6%). With increasing indentation depth of the test device, the strains on bone surface increase. Comparing the local strains determined by DIC and strain gauges consistencies in curves are noticeable. Maximal determined strains before fracturing amount to 0,69% with strain gauges and 0,75% with DIC. In the range of the fracture gap, strain gradients are determined by using DIC. However the detected surfaces are of low quality caused by gaps and motion artefacts. The results show strains on bone surfaces for early fracture detection are measurable with strain gauges and DIC. DIC is assessed as less suitable compared to strain gauges. Furthermore strain gauges have greater level of integration and economic efficiency, so they are preferred the use in surgical training simulators. © 2020 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston 2020.

关键词： Image correlation

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Retrieving properties of manufacturing systems from traceability data for performance evaluation and material flow simulation

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 104卷 20-25页

作者： Heiner Reinhardt Marc Münnich Bastian Prell Roman Arnold Fabian Krippner Marek Weber Frank Seifert Matthias Putz Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Technical University of Applied Science Wildau Hochschulring 1 15745 Wildau Germany Volkswagen Sachsen GmbH Motorenwerk Chemnitz Kauffahrtei 47 09120 Chemnitz Germany Chemnitz University of Technology Straße der Nationen 62 09111 Chemnitz Germany

The operation of manufacturing systems is increasingly accompanied by data-driven continuous improvement processes and product traceability is required. Commonly, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is applied to track the flow of a uniquely-identifiable workpiece along various stations or waypoints within a factory. Based on an automotive use case, this paper describes how to analyze the resulting traceability data in order to identify several properties of a manufacturing system. The acquired knowledge can support performance evaluation and facilitate model building for material flow simulation as a foundation for digital twins and cyber-physical production systems.

关键词： Knowledge management Algorithm Analysis Condition monitoring Manufacturing system Complexity Man-machine system Pattern recognition

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Development and Validation of Bone Models using Structural Dynamic Measurement Methods

Development and Validation of Bone Models using Structural D...

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作者： Neupetsch, Constanze Hensel, Eric Werner, Michael Meißner, Sven Troge, Jan Drossel, Welf-Guntram Rotsch, Christian Chemnitz University of Technology Professorship for Adaptronics and Lightweight Design in Production Chemnitz Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz/Dresden Germany

Vibration measurement and signal analysis methods are common to evaluate the functionality and characteristics of technical components in different industrial and scientific areas. Modal analysis for example is a standard method to characterize the dynamic behavior of a structure and enables the development of validated bone models. The state of the art of analyzing bone structures does not include the modal damping, although it has a significant influence on the dynamic characteristics. Within the presented investigations, the modal analyses have been performed contactless with respect to excitation and response acquisition, which implies that there are no influences of shakers or sensor couplings. Therefore, an automatic impulse hammer and a 3D Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer were used for excitation and response detection. Various supports of the test specimens, surface pretreatments, excitation points and excitation impulses were examined to optimize the measurement setup and process. Experimental modal analysis data were analyzed by curve fitting methods to determine the modal parameters. To evaluate different structures and effects of damping, 3D printed artificial bones and animal in vitro bones were used to perform the measurements. To produce the cortical layer of the artificial bone models, volume models were generated based on medical image data and printed by polyamide-based selective laser sintering. The cancellous bone was represented by different foam fillings for the artificial bones. Thereby, the variation of the porosity was achieved by using different mixing ratios of polyurethane foam and hardener. Furthermore, the modal damping parameters were determined from the measurement of animal bones. The measurement time was optimized during the practical implementation of the parameter determination to minimize the influence of drying and decomposition processes on the measurement results. © 2019 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Structural dynamics

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Monitoring the evolution of dimensional accuracy and product properties in property-controlled forming processes

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Stebner, Sophie Charlotte Martschin, Juri Arian, Bahman Dietrich, Stefan Feistle, Martin Hütter, Sebastian Lafarge, Rémi Laue, Robert Li, Xinyang Schulte, Christopher Spies, Daniel Thein, Ferdinand Wendler, Frank Wrobel, Malte Vasquez, Julian Rozo Dölz, Michael Münstermann, Sebastian Integrity of Materials and Structures RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Components Technische Universität Dortmund Dortmund Germany Paderborn University Paderborn Germany Institute for Applied Materials - Material Science KIT Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany Garching Germany Institute of Materials and Joining Technology Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg Germany Forming and Machining Processes Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Productions Processes Professorship Virtual Production Engineering Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute of Automatic Control RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines Technische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Institut für Geometrie und Praktische Mathematik RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Professorship Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Karlsruhe Germany Dortmund Germany

As recent trends in manufacturing engineering disciplines show a clear development in the sustainable as well as economically efficient design of forming processes, monitoring techniques have been gaining in relevance. In terms of monitoring of product properties, most processes are currently open-loop controlled, entailing that the microstructure evolution, which determines the final product properties, is not considered. However, a closed-loop control that can adjust and manipulate the process actuators according to the required product properties of the component will lead to a considerable increase in efficiency of the processes regarding resources and will decrease postproduction of the component. For most forming processes, one set of component dimensions will result in a certain set of product properties. However, to successfully establish closed-loop property controls for the processes, a systematic understanding of the reciprocity of the dimensions after forming and final product properties must be established. This work investigates the evolution of dimensional accuracy as well as product properties for a series of forming processes that utilize different degrees of freedom for process control. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microstructure

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Linked Data Architecture for Assistance and Traceability in Smart Manufacturing

Linked Data Architecture for Assistance and Traceability in ...

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9th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation and Space, EASN 2019

作者： Friedemann, Marko Wenzel, Ken Singer, Adrian 1Fraunhofer-Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany

Traceability systems and digital assistance solutions are becoming increasingly vital parts of modern manufacturing environments. They help tracking quality-related information throughout the production process and support workers and maintenance personnel to cope with the increasing complexity of manufacturing technologies. In order to support these use cases, the integration of information from different data sources is required to create the necessary insights into processes, equipment and production quality. Common challenges for such integration scenarios are the various data formats, encodings and software interfaces that are involved in the acquisition, transmission, management and retrieval of relevant product and process data. This paper proposes a Linked Data based system architecture for modular and decoupled assistance software. Its web-oriented approach allows to connect two usually disparate data sets: semantic descriptions of complex production systems on the one hand and high-volume and high-velocity production data on the other hand. The proposed concept is illustrated with a typical example from the manufacturing domain. The described End-of-Line quality assessment on forming machines is used for traceability and product monitoring. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019.

关键词： Linked data

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Influence of a Hydrostatic Pressure Shift on the Flow Stress in Sheet Metal

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Procedia Manufacturing 2020年 47卷 1245-1249页

作者： Sam Coppieters Mathias Jackel Christian Kraus Toshihiko Kuwabara Frederic Barlat KU Leuven Technology Campus Ghent Ghent Belgium Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Dresden Germany Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan GIFT-POSTECH Pohang Republic of Korea

The stack compression test (SCT) and the strain-rate controlled hydraulic bulge test (HBT) enable to determine the large strain flow curve of sheet metal under an identical deformation mode and balanced biaxial tension. This equivalence should lead to identical flow behavior if plastic yielding is independent of the hydrostatic stress. However, a discrepancy is observed in the flow curves of DP600 steel sheet determined by the SCT and the HBT. In order to avoid uncertainty with respect to dissimilar test conditions, the average strain-rate in both material tests is carefully controlled. Additionally, evidence is provided that friction can be sufficiently minimized yielding a homogeneous SCT up to a true plastic strain of 0.3. Assuming reliable experimental data, the hypothesis that the hydrostatic pressure shift between the stress states in the SCT and the HBT causes the observed difference in flow behavior is scrutinized. Theoretical considerations regarding the effect of a superimposed hydrostatic pressure (i.e. putting a material under a pressure environment for a certain stress state) on the flow stress, as suggested by Spitzig et al. [1] and Spitzig and Richmond [2], are used to understand the effect of a pressure shift between two stress states on the flow stress. Finally, the theoretical considerations are experimentally validated using the discrepancy in flow behavior of DP600 measured by the SCT and the HBT.

关键词： sheet metal stack compression test hydraulic bulge test pressure dependency

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