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Production Processes and Product Evolution in the Age of Disruption - Proceedings of the 9th Changeable, Agile, Reconfigurable and Virtual Production Conference CARV2023 and the 11th World Mass Customization and Personalization Conference MCPC2023

作者： Stange, Maximilian Jäpel, Nicole Reichelt, Dirk Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz Germany Hochschule Für Technik Und Wirtschaft Dresden Dresden Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technosphere Universität Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031348204

Manufacturing companies are operating in an environment that is becoming steadily more challenging and uncertain. The most serious risks in developed countries increasingly concern the shortage of skilled workers, growing competition from emerging countries, and ever-shorter development cycles for products that are expected to meet a growing variety of individual customer requirements. In addition, on a macroeconomic level, labour productivity growth is declining. This is a warning sign for the overall economic outlook, which is particularly true for the European economic area. One of the reasons for this is the decreasing diffusion of innovations. A holistic approach is needed to address these challenges. One direction that has been discussed in recent years is the concept of open source hardware. This concept takes up the philosophy of open source software and aims to transfer this open and collaborative approach to physical products. The paper will present the current state of OSH, specifically focusing on its use in manufacturing companies. Based on this, opportunities and risks for the application of OSH to manufacturing companies will be derived. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Open source software

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Intelligent parameter determination and quality control of an injection molding process

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Procedia CIRP 2024年 126卷 721-726页

作者： Sina Nahvi Marco Schumann Martin Dix Philipp Klimant Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 09126 Chemnitz Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Str. 70 09126 Chemnitz Germany

One of the most extensively utilized techniques for material processing is injection molding, which is used to manufacture highly accurate and complex plastic items. In order to produce qualified items and ensure quality of the products, process parameter determination is crucial. We propose and compare two approaches for intelligently determining the parameters and controlling the quality within the injection molding process while aiming towards zero defects. These approaches are combinations of the process model trained using Automated machine Learning (AutoML) with optimization techniques based on Bayesian and genetic algorithms.

关键词： Injection molding Process parameter determination Quality control Optimization machine Learning

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Definition and Description of Matrix Production Systems 57

Definition and Description of Matrix Production Systems

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18th IFAC Workshop on Time Delay Systems, TDS 2024

作者： Ranke, Daniel Trierweiler, Michael Berkhan, Patricia Münnich, Marc Bauernhansl, Thomas Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA Nobelstr. 12 Stuttgart70569 Germany Institute of Industrial Manufacturing and Management IFF Nobelstr. 12 Stuttgart70569 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany

The industry's use of adaptable production systems, such as matrix production, is increasing. However, these systems vary in their specific details. The lack of a unified definition, delimitation, and description hinders comparability and the transfer of lessons learned between different systems. This paper aims to propose a comprehensive definition of matrix production and differentiation between different implementation forms. To achieve this, the paper first examines existing approaches to define and describe production systems and their manifestations. Various frameworks and models have been proposed in the literature, but they often focus on specific aspects of production systems, neglecting the complexity of matrix production. The paper identifies common elements and challenges in defining and describing production systems by analyzing these approaches. A second investigation analyzes various existing descriptions of matrix production from the scientific literature. While some definitions focus on the organizational structure, others emphasize operational aspects. By synthesizing these definitions, the paper proposes a comprehensive definition of matrix production encompassing both dimensions. Furthermore, the paper includes cases of industrial implementations as a third investigation. These cases provide insights into the practical application of matrix production systems across different industries. The paper identifies common characteristics, challenges, and benefits associated with matrix production by analyzing these implementation examples. Finally, all three investigations are combined to create a unified definition and a complementary descriptive model. The proposed framework provides a systematic approach to define and describe matrix production systems. It allows for a better understanding and comparison of different implementations, facilitates the transfer of lessons learned, and promotes the exchange of best practices. This framework will enable r

关键词： Production efficiency

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Effects of abrasive waterjet cutting on surface properties of hardened steel 16

Effects of abrasive waterjet cutting on surface properties o...

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16th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, CIRP ICME 2022

作者： Redžic, Nermin Kieweg, Philipp Regel, Joachim Dix, Martin Chemnitz University of Technology Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes Reichenhainer Str. 70 Chemnitz09126 Germany Franke GmbH Obere Bahnstraße 64 Aalen73431 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Str. 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany

The importance of cutting hardened materials without influencing their structural properties makes abrasive waterjet machining a favorable choice in certain applications in comparison with other manufacturing technologies. Using this technology, faulty surface structures and errors caused by high thermal loads such as burrs, burns and cracks, can be avoided. In this paper, the results of applying the abrasive waterjet technology for cutting of hardened steel and its advantageous properties in comparison with cut-off grinding will be presented. The influence of process parameters on surface properties and burr formation has been determined by experimental analysis. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Grinding (machining)

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Incorporating Shape Knowledge into Regression Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Poursanidis, Miltiadis Link, Patrick Schmid, Jochen Teicher, Uwe Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics ITWM Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Chemnitz09126 Germany

Informed learning is an emerging field in machine learning that aims to compensate for insufficient data with prior knowledge. Shape knowledge covers many types of prior knowledge concerning the relationship of a function's output with respect to input variables, for example, monotonicity, convexity, etc. This shape knowledge - when formalized into algebraic inequalities (shape constraints) - can then be incorporated into the training of regression models via a constraint problem formulation. The defined shape-constrained regression problem is, mathematically speaking, a semi-infinite program (SIP). Although off-the-shelf algorithms can be used at this point to solve the SIP, we recommend an adaptive feasible-point algorithm that guarantees optimality up to arbitrary precision and strict fulfillment of the shape constraints. We apply this semi-infinite approach for shape-constrained regression (SIASCOR) to three application examples from manufacturing and one artificial example. One application example has not been considered in a shape-constrained regression setting before, so we used a methodology (ISI) to capture the shape knowledge and define corresponding shape constraints. Finally, we compare the SIASCOR method with a purely data-driven automated machine learning method (AutoML) and another approach for shape-constrained regression (SIAMOR) that uses a different solution algorithm. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Modeling the Impact of Laser Powder Bed Fusion on Nd-Fe-B Permanent Magnets

Modeling the Impact of Laser Powder Bed Fusion on Nd-Fe-B Pe...

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Magnetic Conference - Short Papers (INTERMAG Short Papers), IEEE International

作者： Juliane Thielsch Florian Bittner Welf-Guntram Drossel Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Dresden Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Production Processes Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany

Statistical modelling was successfully applied to Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnets to identify the potential impact of different process parameters and their interactions on resulting magnetic properties. Process models for the magnetic properties coercivity H c , remanence J r as well as for the shape of the demagnetization curve are obtained. The model quality for H c is excellent (R 2 = 0.99). The model for J r only allows a rough statement on the impact of the LPBF process due to a weaker quality of the model (R 2 = 0.77). It will not be possible to maximize H c and J r of LPBF manufactured Nd-Fe-B magnets at the same time due to their contrary dependencies on different LPBF parameters. We have predicted an optimized parameter set with a resulting high H c of 816 kA/m and a maximized J r of 0.65 T. From these properties and the calculated shape of the demagnetization curve we predict a (BH) max of 60.77 kJ/m 3 for a magnet processed on a LPBF machine AconityMINI using MQP™-S powder.

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Planar 3D-Printing and Intrinsic Heat Generation Thermoforming of a Fully Customizable Ankle Orthosis – A Feasibility Approach

Planar 3D-Printing and Intrinsic Heat Generation Thermoformi...

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Integrated Systems in Medical Technologies (ISMT)

作者： Johannes Knecht Marcel Müller Franziska Valerie Hagenauer Linda Weisheit Valentin Wilhelm Mauersberger Lukas Boxberger Biomechatronics Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Dresden Germany Technical Design Technical University of Dresden Dresden Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350375527

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375534

There is a wide spectrum of injuries and medical conditions that are treated with the use of orthoses. For better comfort fully customized orthoses are designed and manufactured via 3D-printing or thermoforming thermoplastic casts with a low glass transition and softening temperature nowadays. This study aims to print a planar orthosis design and then thermoform the orthotic blank with intrinsic heating to get the final customized design depending on patient's needs. After identifying possible thermoplastic polymers for the application with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine thermal properties, tensile testing for mechanical properties and peel-off testing to measure multi material printing adhesion, the final orthosis blank is printed using Wire-EncapsulatingAdditiveManufacturing to integrate heating wires into the structure and create the intrinsic ability of heat generation for the thermoforming process.

关键词： Heating systems Printing Temperature Wires Thermoforming Mechanical factors Softening Plastics Wearable devices Testing

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Target Costing as an Approach to reduce Costs in closed-loop Agriculture Systems - Application for the Cultivation of Algae in Photobioreactors 30

Target Costing as an Approach to reduce Costs in closed-loop...

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30th CIRP Life Cycle Engineering Conference, LCE 2023

作者： Stange, Maximilian Tieding, Marc Brinitzer, Gordon Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB Nobelstrasse 12 Stuttgart70569 Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01069 Germany

The rapidly growing world population, the consequences of climate change and conventional agriculture as well as the limited resources of our planet threaten the food supply of humanity, especially with vital proteins. Therefore, innovation of agricultural systems is crucial for global food security and sustainable development. One proposed system is the cultivation of algae in artificially illuminated photobioreactors, which is a promising technology to limit land and water use. To achieve a competitive position between other agricultural systems and to reduce costs in a systematic and proactive approach, we suggest using Target Costing (TC) at an early stage of development. The paper aims to provide an overview of the state of the art in TC of agricultural systems. The authors identify a suitable approach for the economic evaluation of algae cultivation in bioreactors and adapt it specifically for the extraction of proteins. Based on this, different scenarios are discussed how a cost reduction of the existing systems can be achieved. The focus is on the reduction of energy costs, a suitable site selection and the use of side streams and products. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

关键词： Proteins

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Efficient data acquisition for traceability and analytics 31

Efficient data acquisition for traceability and analytics

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31st CIRP Conference on Life Cycle Engineering, LCE 2024

作者： Reinhardt, Heiner Mahdaviasl, Mahtab Prell, Bastian Mauersberger, Anton Klimant, Philipp Reiff-Stephan, Jörg Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Straße 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau Hochschulring 1 Wildau15745 Germany Virtual Technologies Hochschule Mittweida University of Applied Sciences Technikumplatz 17 Mittweida09648 Germany Institute of Machine Tools and Control Engineering Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01062 Germany

Implementing processes for traceability is required in various industries to assure product quality during manufacturing, provide evidence on required processing conditions or facilitate product recalls. Commonly, radio-frequency identification (RFID) or code recognition techniques (e.g. Data Matrix) are applied to track the flow of workpieces through a manufacturing system and link processing data accordingly. Although the analysis of tracking data is well-examined, we still see a gap in the research on the trade-off between data acquisition, data analytics and data quality. Here, we present a framework to increase the value of existing data by enabling data analytics while addressing common pitfalls and reducing the costs of data management. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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A case study on the use of open source hardware in mechanical engineering 34

A case study on the use of open source hardware in mechanica...

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34th CIRP Design Conference, CIRP 2024

作者： Veliu, Cäcilia Petzold, Valentin Reichelt, Dirk Stange, Maximilian Ihlenfeldt, Steffen Dresden University of Applied Sciences Friedrich-List-Platz 1 Dresden01069 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU Reichenhainer Strasse 88 Chemnitz09126 Germany Institute of Mechatronic Engineering Technical University Dresden Helmholtzstr. 7a Dresden01069 Germany

Open Source Hardware (OSH) enables innovative developments and business models. The OSH approach creates new forms of cross-company product development and community-based innovation processes. Open source has been state of the art in software industry for years. When it comes to OSH projects, however, the focus is primarily on the consumer sector. The use of OSH for industrial products, especially in mechanical engineering, is still in its early stages. The paper presents a case study on the development of an application module based on OSH components in a R&D testbed. The developed module is intended to enable electronic functional testing. For this purpose, the development process involved, among other things, creating solutions for a tool changing system. Using the case study, we analyse the advantages and disadvantages of the open source licenses used and derive implications for the R&D process. Building on this, various concepts for the use, adaptation and expansion of OSH components and the resulting implications for development processes and business models are presented. The case study is used to analyse which established open source software concepts can be transferred to material assets, but also which additional requirements arise from OSH components, e.g. in the area of safety. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Software testing

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